scholarly journals A comprehensive mycofloral diversity of pedosphere, phyllosphere and aerosphere of Som. (Persea bombycina Kost.)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manjit Kumar Ray ◽  
Piyush Kumar Mishra ◽  
Saurav Das
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Disease Management ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Curvularia Lunata ◽  
Rhizopus Stolonifer ◽  
Management Procedures ◽  
Muga Silkworm

AbstractSericulture is an important cottage industry of Assam producing natural silk of both Mulberry and Non-Mulberry silk. The sericulture industry is closely associated with the Assamese traditions and rituals. In non-mulberry silk, Muga silkworm which is endemic to North-East India only produce exquisite silks of golden color. Rearing of Muga silkworm is one of the important aspects to producing silk of high quality. The quality of the primary host plant i.e. Som (Persea bombycina Kost.) greatly affects the quality of cocoon and silk produced by these industries. Therefore, planting and growing a disease-free plant has its own importance in sericulture. However, Som is very susceptible to different foliar diseases caused by fungi, which can reduce the yield of leaf from 13.8 - 41.6% annually. Therefore, a comprehensive mycofloral study of the host plant is important to forecast the future diseases and design different disease management procedures. This study has been done for a period of two years from 2014 - 2016 in Goalpara district of Assam and overall mycoflora of pedosphere (rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere), phyllosphere and aerosphere were identified and correlated with the seasonal variation. The rhizosphere, air, and phylloplane was dominated by Rhizopus stolonifer (22.13%; 15.08; 24.01) while Aspergillus niger (12.63%) was the dominant flora of non-rhizosphere. Seasonal variation was found to play an important role in shaping the mycofloral community structure in soil and phyllosphere. In summer, soil was majorly dominated by Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus fumigatus, and Curvularia lunata while Rhizopus stolonifer, Aspergillus clavatus, Penicillium chrysogenum dominated the winter soil. In phyllosphere, the Chatuwa and Jaruwa, the winter generations were mainly dominated by Rhizopus stolonifer. While as the environmental temperature gradually increased with relative humidity in Aheruwa, Bhodia, Kotia and Jethuwa generation there was a shift in diversity with a gradual increase in occurance of Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus niger, and Aspergillus flavus. Pestaloptiopsis disseminata one of the major pathogen of Som was found highest in aerosphere followed by phyllosphere and it was only dominated in Aheruwa generation. It was found that occurrence of P. disseminata were high when the temperature ranges between 25° - 28° with 70 −80% of relative humidity. This study provides a deep insight into the fungal diversity of host plant Som with respect to pedosphere, aerosphere, and phyllosphere and this knowledge can be used to better select the plantation area and design different disease management strategies to sustain and proliferate the industry for socio-economic development and to conserve its cultural essence.

scholarly journals Sanidade e qualidade fisiológica de sementes de Chorisia glaziovii O. Kuntze tratadas com extratos vegetais

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 649
Author(s):  
Andrezza Klyvia Oliveira Araújo ◽  
Maria Lúcia Maurício Silva ◽  
Rommel Do Santos Siqueira Gomes ◽  
Angeline Maria da Silva Santos ◽  
Luciana Cordeiro do Nascimento
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Curvularia Lunata ◽  
Rhizopus Stolonifer ◽  
Aspergillus Sp

O objetivo da pesquisa foi avaliar a eficiência dos extratos de alho e erva-cidreira sobre patógenos e na qualidade fisiológica de sementes de Chorisia glaziovii. Os tratamentos constituíram-se de extratos de alho e erva-cidreira à 0, 25, 50, 75 e 100%, e fungicida Captan®. Para sanidade das sementes adotou-se o método blotter test e a qualidade fisiológica foi determinada pela germinação e vigor. O delineamento foi inteiramente casualizados em esquema fatorial (2x5) +1 (extratos vegetais x concentrações + fungicida), com quatro repetições. Observou-se a ocorrência de Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus sp., Botrytis sp., Cladosporium sp., Curvularia lunata, Nigrospora sp., Pestalotia sp., Periconia sp. e Rhizopus stolonifer, nas sementes. O extrato de erva-cidreira à 100% foi eficiente na inibição dos patógenos. O aumento na concentração do extrato de alho foi prejudicial à primeira contagem de germinação, e o extrato de erva-cidreira proporcionou aumento de sementes germinadas.

scholarly journals Effects of Container and Duration of Storage on the Quality of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) Seeds

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Razia Sultana ◽  
M Salahuddin M Chowdhury ◽  
Md. Rafiqul Islam ◽  
Khadija Akhter
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Abelmoschus Esculentus ◽  
Chaetomium Globosum ◽  
Rhizopus Stolonifer ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Plastic Container ◽  
Vigor Index

A study was conducted in the laboratory of the Department of Seed Pathology, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Bangladesh during July 2013 to June 2014 to determine the effects of different storage containers and durations of storage on the quality of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) seeds and seedling growth. After harvest, seeds were stored in earthen pots, plastic pots, plastic bags, gunny bags with and without polyethylene lining for the periods of 4, 8, and 12 months. The seeds stored in plastic container showed the lowest moisture content (8.03%) at 4 months of storage and those stored in gunny bag showed the maximum moisture content (17.63%) at 12 months of storage. Percentage of seeds infested with fungi was minimum in plastic container, where the prevalence of Fusarium spp., Chaetomium globosum, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Rhizopus stolonifer and Curvularia spp. were 1.47, 8.03, 3.31, 3.31, 2.57 and 3.53%, respectively at 4 months of storage. Prevalence of fungi was maximum in seeds stored in gunny bag where the prevalence of Fusarium spp., Chaetomium globosum, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Rhizopus stolonifer and Curvularia spp. were 4.87, 17.63, 4.41, 5.97, 84.86 and 5.19%, respectively at 12 months of storage. In contrast, treated seeds stored in plastic container showed the maximum germination (94.74%), longest shoot (20.76 cm) and root (11.52 cm), highest seed vigor index (3087.00), highest weight of dry seedlings (55.60 g) at 4 months of storage. However, seeds stored in gunny bag showed the lowest seed germination (45.08%), shoot length (11.49 cm), root length (6.34 cm), seedling vigor index (838.10), dry weight of seedlings (33.40 g) and field emergence (37.36%) at 12 months of storage. Plastic containers appeared to be the best for storage of okra seeds.The Agriculturists 2016; 14(1) 63-72

scholarly journals Microclimate Modification Using Eco-friendly Nets for High-quality Tomato Transplant Production by Small-scale Farmers in East Africa

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 292-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisha O. Gogo ◽  
Mwanarusi Saidi ◽  
Francis M. Itulya ◽  
Thibaud Martin ◽  
Mathieu Ngouajio
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Disease Management ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Poor Growth ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Fine Mesh

Unfavorable environmental conditions, pests, and viral diseases are among the major factors that contribute to poor growth and quality of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) seedlings in tropical areas. Improving crop microclimate and excluding insects that transmit viruses may improve transplant quality and yield in production fields. This study was carried out in two seasons at the Horticulture Research and Teaching Field of Egerton University in Njoro, Kenya, to investigate the effects of agricultural nets herein called eco-friendly nets (EFNs) on germination and performance of tomato seedlings. Tomato seeds were either raised in the open or under a permanent fine mesh net (0.4-mm pore diameter). Eco-friendly net covers modified the microclimate resulting in significantly higher day temperatures and relative humidity, compared with the open treatment. Nets increased temperature and relative humidity by 14.8% and 10.4%, respectively. Starting seeds under a net advanced seedling emergence by 2 days and resulted in higher emergence percentage, thicker stem diameter, more leaves, and faster growth leading to early maturity of seedlings and readiness for transplanting. Netting improved root development by increasing root quantity and length. Stomatal conductance (gS) and estimates of chlorophyll content were higher in seedlings under net covering compared with those in the noncovered control treatment. Insect pests and diseases were also reduced under net covering. The use of the net in the production of tomato transplants presented a 36.5% reduction in the cost of seeds, through improved emergence and reduced pest damage. All other factors held constant, healthy and quality transplants obtained under a net covering also translate into better field performance; hence, increasing economic returns for commercial transplants growers, as well as for tomato farmers. Results of this study suggest that EFNs can be customized not only for their effective improvement on growth and quality of tomato transplants but also for their pest and disease management in the nursery alone or as a component of integrated pest and disease management.

The functionality and quality of nutrition-related mobile applications in China (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Li ◽  
Jingmin Ding ◽  
Yishan Wang ◽  
Chengyao Tang ◽  
Puhong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Disease Management ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Mobile Applications ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Diet Analysis ◽  
Innovative Technology ◽  
Nutritional Knowledge ◽  
Food Record

BACKGROUND There are an increasing number of mobile applications that provide dietary guidance in supporting healthy lifestyle and disease management. However, the characteristics of these nutrition-related apps are not well analyzed. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the functionality and quality of nutrition-related apps in China. METHODS Mobile apps providing dietary guidance were screened in Chinese iOS and android app stores using stepwise searching criteria in November 2017. Primary review was conducted by extracting information from the description of apps. Free apps that contain all the information of diet and nutrition, with the last update after 1st Jan 2016 were downloaded for further analysis on the nutritional functionality features based on the framework of Chinese Dietary Guidelines and on the market related features as well. The user version of the Mobile Application Rating Scale (uMARS) was used to assess the quality of apps. RESULTS Among the 44 downloaded nutrition-related apps screened from 628 apps with dietary guidance content, only 11(25%) were aimed exclusively for dietary guidance, the others were aimed for fitness guidance (17, 39%), disease management (11, 25%) and maternal health (5, 11%) respectively. The nutritional functionalities of the 44 apps included nutritional information enquiry (40, 91%), nutrition education (35, 80%), food record (34, 77%), diet analysis (34, 77%), and personalized recipes (21, 48%). Twelve out of 44 apps contained all of the above five nutrition related functionalities. The diet analysis and suggestions were mainly focused on energy (33/44, 75%), less on other factors like dietary structure (10/44, 23%). About 96% (42/44) of the apps provided social communication functionality and 59% (26/44) of the apps supported user incentives. Eight out of 44 apps (18%) also applied intelligent recognition technology. Using 5-point uMARS as scales of quality, the median scores of the 44 apps was 3.6 (IQR = 0.7). CONCLUSIONS Most nutrition-related apps are developed in the service of health management other than for dietary guidance exclusively. Although basic energy balance theory was generally applied, the nutritional functionality of the nutrition-related apps is relatively limited and not individualized. More efforts should be taken to integrate with the scientific nutritional knowledge and innovative technology in developing an app followed with complete and personalized dietary guidance.

Quality of Life Is Improved in Uninsured Heart Failure Patients in Disease Management Programs in Public Hospitals

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. S6
Author(s):  
Aurelia O'Connell ◽  
Tracy Finegan ◽  
Jennifer Galindo ◽  
Gisele Munoz ◽  
Andrene Schonberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Disease Management ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Disease Management Programs ◽  
Heart Failure Patients

Self-management factors associated with quality of life among women with endometriosis: a cross-sectional Australian survey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca O’Hara ◽  
Heather Rowe ◽  
Jane Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Disease Management ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Chronic Disease Management ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Management Factors

Abstract STUDY QUESTION What self-management factors are associated with quality of life among women with endometriosis? SUMMARY ANSWER Greater self-efficacy was associated with improved physical and mental quality of life. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Women with endometriosis have an impaired quality of life compared to the general female population. However, most studies have investigated quality of life in a hospital or clinic setting rather than a community setting and the association between self-management factors and quality of life have not, to date, been investigated. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION A cross-sectional, population-based online survey was performed, which was advertised through women’s, community and endometriosis-specific groups. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS A total of 620 women completed the survey for this study. Mental and physical quality of life was assessed using the standardized SF36v2 questionnaire. Self-management factors included self-efficacy, partners in health (active involvement in managing the condition) and performance of self-care activities. Treatment approaches included the use of hormonal treatment, pain medications and complementary therapies and whether the participant had a chronic disease management plan. Hierarchical regression analyses were used to examine whether self-management and treatment factors were associated with quality of life. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Both physical and mental quality of life were significantly lower among women with endometriosis compared to the mean scores of the general Australian female population (P < 0.001). Physical quality of life was positively associated with income sufficiency (P < 0.001) and greater self-efficacy (P < 0.001), but negatively associated with age (P < 0.001), pain severity (P < 0.001), use of prescription medications (P < 0.001), having a chronic disease management plan (P < 0.05) and number of self-care activities (P < 0.05). Mental quality of life was positively associated with being older (P < 0.001), partnered (P < 0.001), having a university education (P < 0.05), increasing self-efficacy (P < 0.001) and higher partners in health scores (P < 0.001). LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION Results are derived from a cross-sectional study and can only be interpreted as associations not as causal relationships. The sample was more educated, more likely to speak English and be born in Australia than the general Australian female population of the same age, which may influence the generalizability of these results. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS This study investigated a knowledge gap by investigating quality of life of women with endometriosis in a large community sample. Self-efficacy was significantly associated with both physical and mental quality of life. Supporting women with endometriosis to improve self-efficacy through a structured chronic disease management programme may lead to improvements in this aspect of wellbeing. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) R.O. undertook this research as part of her PhD at Monash University, which was supported by an Australian Government Research Training Program Stipend. J.F. is the Finkel Professor of Global Public Health, which was supported by the Finkel Family Foundation. There are no conflicts of interest to declare. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NA.

scholarly journals Grape variety affects larval performance and also female reproductive performance of the European grapevine moth Lobesia botrana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

2006 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Moreau ◽  
B. Benrey ◽  
D. Thiéry
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Lobesia Botrana ◽  
Larval Performance ◽  
European Grapevine Moth ◽  
Wild Grape ◽  
Larval Host ◽  
Fitness Index ◽  
Grapevine Moth

AbstractFor insect herbivores, the quality of the larval host plant is a key determinant of fitness. Therefore, insect populations are supposed to be positively correlated with the nutritional quality of their host plant. This study aimed to determine if and how different varieties of grapes (including the wild grape Lambrusque) affect both larval and adult performance of the polyphagous European grapevine moth Lobesia botrana (Denis & Schiffermüller). Significant differences were found in larval development time, but not in pupal mass, adult emergence rate, or sex ratio. Although the fecundity of females is not different among varieties, females fed on some varieties produced eggs of different sizes which are correlated to their fertility. Thus, females adapt resource allocation to eggs depending on their diet as larvae. Using a fitness index, the average reproductive output was found to be highest for females reared on cv. Chardonnay. Females reared on wild grape produced a fitness index identical to the cultivated grapes. However, Lambrusque and Gewurztraminer separate themselves from the cultivated varieties according to our discriminant analyses. It is emphasized, through this study, that cultivars fed on by larvae should be considered in the population dynamics of L. botrana and that egg number is insufficient to determine host plant quality.

Influence of aging time, temperature and relative humidity on the sensory quality of dry-aged Belgian Blue beef

Meat Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 108659
Author(s):  
E. Vossen ◽  
L. Dewulf ◽  
G. Van Royen ◽  
I. Van Damme ◽  
L. De Zutter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Aging Time ◽  
Sensory Quality

scholarly journals Quality of outdoor and indoor environment during the cruise of the tall ship STS Fryderyk Chopin

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 00024
Author(s):  
Szymon Firląg
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Pm 2.5 ◽  
The North ◽  
University Of Technology ◽  
Open Sea ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Pm 10 ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this paper is to present the results of measurements, on the quality of internal and external environment, carried out during the cruise of the tall ship STS Fryderyk Chopin. The cruise took place between 16th and 30th September 2017 as part of the scientific seminar of the Warsaw University of Technology (WUT) on the Wave, addressed to students of the WTU. After leaving the port of Edinburgh, crossing the North Sea, the Danish straits, stops in Copenhagen and Kołobrzeg, the tall ship reached Szczecin after two weeks. The measurements carried out on the deck included the temperature and relative humidity of the indoor air in three cabins and the men’s bathroom. In two cabins, the CO2 concentration was measured additionally. The outdoor temperature, relative humidity and concentration of PM 1.0, PM 2.5 and PM 10 were also measured. The obtained results allowed to assess the quality of the internal environment in accordance with the standards and to analyze the effectiveness of the mechanical ventilation system. Measurements of particulate matter have shown significant differences between outdoor air quality in the open sea and in ports or near major shipping routes. It turned out that the impact of emissions from passing ships using diesel engines is clearly visible.

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