scholarly journals Variation in expression of the HECT E3 ligase UPL3 modulates LEC2 levels, gene expression, seed size and crop yields in Brassica napus

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte Miller ◽  
Rachel Wells ◽  
Neil McKenzie ◽  
Martin Trick ◽  
Joshua Ball ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
E3 Ligase ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Seed Maturation ◽  
Association Analyses ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Final Yield

AbstractIdentifying genetic variation that increases crop yields is a primary objective in plant breeding. We have used association analyses of Brassica napus (oilseed rape/canola) accessions to identify variation in the expression of a HECT E3 ligase gene, BnaUPL3.C03, that influences seed size and final yield. We establish a mechanism in which UPL3 mediates the proteasomal degradation of LEC2, a master regulator of seed maturation. Reduced UPL3 expression increases LEC2 protein levels and prolongs expression of lipid biosynthetic genes and seed maturation. Natural variation in BnaUPL3.C03 expression has not yet been exploited in current Brassica napus breeding lines and can therefore be used as a new approach to maximize future yields in this important oil crop.

scholarly journals Variation in Expression of the HECT E3 Ligase UPL3 Modulates LEC2 Levels, Seed Size, and Crop Yields in Brassica napus

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (10) ◽  
pp. 2370-2385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte Miller ◽  
Rachel Wells ◽  
Neil McKenzie ◽  
Martin Trick ◽  
Joshua Ball ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
E3 Ligase

PHOTACs Enable Optical Control of Protein Degradation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Reynders ◽  
Bryan Matsuura ◽  
Marleen Bérouti ◽  
Daniele Simoneschi ◽  
Antonio Marzio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Degradation ◽  
E3 Ligase ◽  
Optical Control ◽  
Cellular Proteins ◽  
Bifunctional Molecules ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Lead Compounds ◽  
Subsequent Degradation ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Precision Therapeutics

<p><i>PROTACs (proteolysis targeting chimeras) are bifunctional molecules that tag proteins for ubiquitylation by an E3 ligase complex and subsequent degradation by the proteasome. They have emerged as powerful tools to control the levels of specific cellular proteins and are on the verge of being clinically used. We now introduce photoswitchable PROTACs that can be activated with the temporal and spatial precision that light provides. These trifunctional molecules, which we named PHOTACs, consist of a ligand for an E3 ligase, a photoswitch, and a ligand for a protein of interest. We demonstrate this concept by using PHOTACs that target either BET family proteins (BRD2,3,4) or FKBP12. Our lead compounds display little or no activity in the dark but can be reversibly activated to varying degrees with different wavelengths of light. Our modular and generalizable approach provides a method for the optical control of protein levels with photopharmacology and could lead to new types of precision therapeutics that avoid undesired systemic toxicity.</i><b></b></p>

scholarly journals Pirh2, an E3 ligase, regulates the AIP4–p73 regulatory pathway by modulating AIP4 expression and ubiquitination

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rami Abou Zeinab ◽  
H Helena Wu ◽  
Yasser Abuetabh ◽  
Sarah Leng ◽  
Consolato Sergi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regulatory Protein ◽  
Ectopic Expression ◽  
E3 Ligase ◽  
Regulatory Pathway ◽  
Hect Domain ◽  
E3 Ligases ◽  
Multiple Substrates ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Cycle Arrest ◽  
Negative Regulatory Pathway

Abstract Pirh2 is an E3 ligase belonging to the RING-H2 family and shown to bind, ubiquitinate and downregulate p73 tumor suppressor function without altering p73 protein levels. AIP4, an E3 ligase belonging to the HECT domain family, has been reported to be a negative regulatory protein that promotes p73 ubiquitination and degradation. Herein, we found that Pirh2 is a key regulator of AIP4 that inhibits p73 function. Pirh2 physically interacts with AIP4 and significantly downregulates AIP4 expression. This downregulation is shown to involve the ubiquitination of AIP4 by Pirh2. Importantly, we demonstrated that the ectopic expression of Pirh2 inhibits the AIP4–p73 negative regulatory pathway, which was restored when depleting endogenous Pirh2 utilizing Pirh2-siRNAs. We further observed that Pirh2 decreases AIP4-mediated p73 ubiquitination. At the translational level and specifically regarding p73 cell cycle arrest function, Pirh2 still ensures the arrest of p73-mediated G1 despite AIP4 expression. Our study reveals a novel link between two E3 ligases previously thought to be unrelated in regulating the same effector substrate, p73. These findings open a gateway to explain how E3 ligases differentiate between regulating multiple substrates that may belong to the same family of proteins, as it is the case for the p53 and p73 proteins.

Development of an agronomically superior blackleg resistant canola cultivar in Brassica napus L. using doubled haploidy

1995 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 437-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. R. Stringam ◽  
V. K. Bansal ◽  
M. R. Thiagarajah ◽  
D. F. Degenhardt ◽  
J. P. Tewari
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Doubled Haploid ◽  
Leptosphaeria Maculans ◽  
Resistance Breeding ◽  
Breeding Method ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
University Of Alberta ◽  
Blackleg Resistance ◽  
The University

The doubled haploid breeding method and greenhouse screening using cotyledon bio-assay were successfully applied to transfer blackleg resistance from the Australian cultivar Maluka (Brassicas napus), into susceptible advanced B. napus lines from the University of Alberta. This approach for blackleg resistance breeding was effective and efficient as several superior blackleg resistant breeding lines were identified within 4 yr from the initial cross. One of these lines (91–21864NA) was entered in the 1993 trials of the Western Canada Canola/Rapeseed Recommending Committee. Key words: Blackleg resistance, Leptosphaeria maculans, doubled haploid, Brassica napus

scholarly journals Enhancing the Nutritional Value of Canola (Brassica napus) Meal Using a Submerged Fungal Incubation Process

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason R. Croat ◽  
William R. Gibbons ◽  
Mark Berhow ◽  
Bishnu Karki ◽  
Kasiviswanathan Muthukumarappan
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Aureobasidium Pullulans ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Canola Meal ◽  
Fungal Culture ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Residual Sugar ◽  
Fusarium Venenatum ◽  
Sugar Levels ◽  
Cold Pressed

The aim of this study was to determine the optimal fungal culture to increase the nutritional value of canola meal so it could be used at higher feed inclusion rates, and for a broad range of monogastrics, including fish. Submerged incubation conditions were used to evaluate the performance of seven fungal cultures in hexane extracted (HE) and cold pressed (CP) canola meal. Aureobasidium pullulans (Y-2311-1), Fusarium venenatum and Trichoderma reesei resulted in the greatest improvements in protein levels in HE canola meal, at 21.0, 23.8, and 34.8 %, respectively. These fungi reduced total glucosinolates (GLS) content to 2.7, 7.4, and 4.9 μM.g-1, respectively, while residual sugar levels ranged from 0.8 to 1.6 % (w/w). In trials with CP canola meal, the same three fungi increased protein levels by 24.6, 35.2, and 37.3 %, and final GLS levels to 6.5, 4.0, and 4.7 μM.g-1, respectively. Additionally, residual sugar levels were reduced to 0.3-1.0 % (w/w).

scholarly journals SELEKSI GALUR DARI POPULASI F4 KEDELAI YANG TAHAN TERHADAP PENYAKIT MOSAIK (Soybean mosaic virus) DAN BERDAYA HASIL TINGGI

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-159
Author(s):  
Wuye Ria Andayanie ◽  
Praptiningsih Gamawati Adinurani
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Soybean Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Disease ◽  
High Yield ◽  
New Variety ◽  
Moderately Resistant ◽  
Screen House ◽  
Selection Of

Soybean lines selection of F4 population resistant  to soybean mosaic disease (Soybean mosaic virus) with high yield.  The soybean breeding program is usually not purposedly done for resistance to Soybean mosaic virus (SMV) but rather for crop yields. The experiment was aimed to obtain soybean lines of F4 population resistant to soybean mosaic disease with high yield.  F2-F4 plants that have been inoculated with the T isolate of SMV one week after planting were selected by the pedigree  in the screen house. The result indicated eight  F4 populations (Wilis x L. Temanggung; Wilis x L. Jombang; Wilis x Pangrango; Wilis x PI 200485;  Gepak Kuning x L. Jombang; Gepak Kuning x L. Temanggung; Gepak Kuning x Malabar; Gepak Kuning x PI 200485) produced medium seed size (from 9.84-10.26 g 100/seeds).  Gepak Kuning x Mlg 3288  showed more resistant than Gepak Kuning x PI 200485. The seed produced by Gepak Kuning x PI 200485 was 1.97 ton/ha. There were no F4 populations that had higher yield and bigger seed size than Gepak Kuning x PI 200485 even though they were  moderately resistant to SMV. Therefore, these lines of Gepak Kuning x Mlg 3288 and Gepak  Kuning x  PI 200485 might provide exellent sources to develop a new variety that resistant to SMV and of high yield.

scholarly journals Inhibition of cIAP1 as a strategy for targeting c-MYC–driven oncogenic activity

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (40) ◽  
pp. E9317-E9324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haoyan Li ◽  
Yanjia Fang ◽  
Chunyi Niu ◽  
Hengyi Cao ◽  
Ting Mi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ubiquitin Ligase ◽  
E3 Ubiquitin Ligase ◽  
E3 Ligase ◽  
Pharmacological Agents ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Ubiquitin Ligase Activity ◽  
Molecule Inhibitor ◽  
Smac Mimetics ◽  
High Throughput Assay ◽  
In Cells

Protooncogenec-MYC, a master transcription factor, is a major driver of human tumorigenesis. Development of pharmacological agents for inhibiting c-MYC as an anticancer therapy has been a longstanding but elusive goal in the cancer field. E3 ubiquitin ligase cIAP1 has been shown to mediate the activation of c-MYC by destabilizing MAD1, a key antagonist of c-MYC. Here we developed a high-throughput assay for cIAP1 ubiquitination and identified D19, a small-molecule inhibitor of E3 ligase activity of cIAP1. We show that D19 binds to the RING domain of cIAP1 and inhibits the E3 ligase activity of cIAP1 by interfering with the dynamics of its interaction with E2. Blocking cIAP1 with D19 antagonizes c-MYC by stabilizing MAD1 protein in cells. Furthermore, we show that D19 and an improved analog (D19-14) promote c-MYC degradation and inhibit the oncogenic function of c-MYC in cells and xenograft animal models. In contrast, we show that activating E3 ubiquitin ligase activity of cIAP1 by Smac mimetics destabilizes MAD1, the antagonist of MYC, and increases the protein levels of c-MYC. Our study provides an interesting example using chemical biological approaches for determining distinct biological consequences from inhibiting vs. activating an E3 ubiquitin ligase and suggests a potential broad therapeutic strategy for targeting c-MYC in cancer treatment by pharmacologically modulating cIAP1 E3 ligase activity.

Use of Incorporated and Non-incorporated Granular Trifluralin for Annual Grass Control in Barley (Hordeum vulgare), Wheat (Triticum aestivum), and Canola (Brassica napus)

1996 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 907-913 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth J. Kirkland
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Annual Grass ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
West Central ◽  
Green Foxtail

The comparison of incorporation vs no incorporation on a mid-October application of the granular formulation of trifluralin to control infestations of wild oat and green foxtail was evaluated in spring barley, wheat, and canola in west central Saskatchewan over a 3 yr period. Incorporation treatments consisted of: no incorporation, one incorporation in fall, one incorporation in fall and a second in spring, one incorporation in fall and two additional incorporations in spring. All treatments eliminated green foxtail. In all three crops wild oat panicle counts were equivalent from incorporated and non-incorporated trifluralin. Wild oat fresh weights in crops grown on stubble were similar for incorporated and non-incorporated trifluralin. In fallow crops, wild oat fresh weight reductions were greater in three of nine site years with incorporation. There was little difference in crop yields from incorporated and non-incorporated trifluralin.

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