scholarly journals Diversity of coelomycetous fungi in human infections: a 10-year experience of two European reference centres

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dea Garcia-Hermoso ◽  
Nicomedes Valenzuela-Lopez ◽  
Olga Rivero-Menendez ◽  
Ana Alastruey-Izquierdo ◽  
Josep Guarro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Distribution ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Etiologic Agents ◽  
Human Infections ◽  
Prevalent Species ◽  
Superficial Tissues

ABSTRACTThe coelomycetous fungi are difficult to properly identify from their phenotypic characterization and their role as etiologic agents of human infections is not clear. We studied the species distribution of these fungi among clinical isolates that had been collected and stored over a ten-year period in two European reference laboratories (France and Spain). We identified phenotypically and molecularly 97 isolates by sequencing the D1-D2 fragment of the 28S nrRNA (LSU) gene. Species of the ordersPleosporalesandGlomerellaleswere present in both collections, andBotryosphaerialesandDiaporthalesonly in the French one. The most prevalent species wereMedicopsis romeroi,Neocucurbitaria keratinophila,Neocucurbitaria unguis-hominisandParaconiothyrium cyclothyrioides, which had been recovered primarily from superficial tissues. TheDidymellaceaewas the most common family represented, with 27 isolates distributed into five genera.

scholarly journals Molecular and phenotypic characterization of clinical isolates belonging to a KPC-2-producing strain of ST15 Klebsiella pneumoniae from a Vietnamese pediatric hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Björn Berglund ◽  
Ngoc Thi Bich Hoang ◽  
Maria Tärnberg ◽  
Ngai Kien Le ◽  
Maud Nilsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Resistance Rate ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Polymorphism Analysis ◽  
Pediatric Hospital ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Global Epidemiology

Abstract Background Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae are becoming increasingly common in hospital settings worldwide and are a source of increased morbidity, mortality and health care costs. The global epidemiology of carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae is characterized by different strains distributed geographically, with the strain ST258 being predominant in Europe and USA, and ST11 being most common in East Asia. ST15 is a less frequently occurring strain but has nevertheless been reported worldwide as a source of hospital outbreaks of carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae. Methods In this study, whole-genome sequencing and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was used to characterize 57 clinical isolates of carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae belonging to a strain of ST15, which were collected at a Vietnamese pediatric hospital from February throughout September 2015. Results Aside from the carbapenem resistance gene blaKPC-2, which was carried by all isolates, prevalence of resistance genes to other antibiotics including aminoglycosides, macrolides, quinolones, fosfomycin and trimethoprim, was also high. All isolates were multidrug-resistant. Susceptibility was highest to ceftazidime/avibactam (96%), gentamicin (91%) and tigecycline (82%). Notably, the colistin resistance rate was very high (42%). Single-nucleotide polymorphism analysis indicated that most isolates belonged to a single clone. Conclusions The diverse variety of antibiotic resistance genes and the high antibiotic resistance rates to last-resort antibiotics such as carbapenems and colistin, is indicative of a highly adaptable strain. This emphasizes the importance of implementation of infection controls measures, continued monitoring of antibiotic resistance and prudent use of antibiotics to prevent further selection of resistant strains and the emergence of pan-resistant clones.

scholarly journals In Vitro Amphotericin B Resistance in Clinical Isolates of Aspergillus terreus, with a Head-to-Head Comparison to Voriconazole

1999 ◽  
Vol 37 (7) ◽  
pp. 2343-2345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deanna A. Sutton ◽  
Stephen E. Sanche ◽  
Sanjay G. Revankar ◽  
Annette W. Fothergill ◽  
Michael G. Rinaldi
Keyword(s):  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Aspergillus Terreus ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Immunocompromised Host ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
National Committee ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Etiologic Agents ◽  
Disseminated Disease

Amphotericin B therapy continues to be the “gold standard” in the treatment of invasive aspergillosis in the immunocompromised host. Although Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillus flavus constitute the major species, several reports have described invasive pulmonary or disseminated disease due to the less common Aspergillus terreus and dismal clinical outcomes with high-dose amphotericin B. We therefore evaluated 101 clinical isolates of A. terreus for their susceptibility to amphotericin B and the investigational triazole voriconazole by using the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards M27-A method modified for mould testing. Forty-eight-hour MICs indicated 98 and 0% resistance to amphotericin B and voriconazole, respectively. We conclude that A. terreus should be added to the list of etiologic agents refractory to conventional amphotericin B therapy and suggest the potential clinical utility of voriconazole in aspergillosis due to this species.

Genotypic and Phenotypic Characterization of Invasive Neonatal Escherichia coli Clinical Isolates

2014 ◽  
Vol 31 (11) ◽  
pp. 975-982 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salika Shakir ◽  
Jessica Goldbeck ◽  
Denise Robison ◽  
Annette Eckerd ◽  
Susana Chavez-Bueno
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization

scholarly journals Identification of Species of Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Clinical Isolates from 8 Provinces of China

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haican Liu ◽  
Lulu Lian ◽  
Yi Jiang ◽  
Mingxiang Huang ◽  
Yunhong Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nontuberculous Mycobacteria ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Pulmonary Diseases ◽  
Pulmonary Infections ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer Region ◽  
Identification Methods ◽  
Identification Of Species ◽  
First Time ◽  
Prevalent Species

Pulmonary diseases caused by nontuberculousmycobacteria(NTM) are increasing in incidence and prevalence worldwide. In this study, we identified NTM species of the clinical isolates from 8 provinces in China, in order to preliminarily provide some basic scientific data in the different species and distribution of NTM related to pulmonary disease in China. A total of 523 clinical isolates from patients with tuberculosis (TB) diagnosed clinically from 2005 to 2012 were identified to the species using conventional and molecular methods, including multilocus PCR,rpoBandhsp65PCR-PRA,hsp65,rpoB, and16S-23Sinternal transcribed spacer region sequencing. The isolates were identified into 3 bacterium genera, including NTM,Gordonia bronchialis,andNocardia farcinica, and, for the 488 NTM isolates, 27 species were identified. For all the 27 species of NTM which were found to cause pulmonary infections in humans, the most prevalent species wasM. intracellulare, followed byM. aviumandM. abscessus. And seven other species were for the first time identified in patients with TB in China. NTM species identification is very important for distinguishing between tuberculosis and NTM pulmonary diseases, and the species diversity drives the creation of diverse and integrated identification methods with higher accuracy and efficacy.

scholarly journals Genotypic versus phenotypic characterization, with respect to susceptibility and identification, of 17 clinical isolates of Staphylococcus lugdunensis

2005 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Mateo ◽  
Juan-Ramón Maestre ◽  
Lorenzo Aguilar ◽  
Fabio Cafini ◽  
Pilar Puente ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Staphylococcus Lugdunensis

scholarly journals Iron Restriction to Clinical Isolates ofCandida albicansby the Novel Chelator DIBI Inhibits Growth and Increases Sensitivity to AzolesIn VitroandIn Vivoin a Murine Model of Experimental Vaginitis

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberley A. Savage ◽  
Maria del Carmen Parquet ◽  
David S. Allan ◽  
Ross J. Davidson ◽  
Bruce E. Holbein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Homeostasis ◽  
Iron Chelation ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogen ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Cell Multiplication ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sensitive Isolate ◽  
Human Infections

ABSTRACTCandida albicansis an important opportunistic pathogen causing various human infections that are often treated with azole antifungals. The U.S. CDC now regards developing candidal antifungal resistance as a threat, creating a need for new and more effective antifungal treatments. Iron is an essential nutrient for all living cells, and there is growing evidence that interference with iron homeostasis ofC. albicanscan improve its response to antifungals. This study was aimed at establishing whether withholding iron by currently used medical iron chelators and the novel chelator DIBI could restrict growth and also enhance the activity of azoles against clinical isolates ofC. albicans. DIBI, but not deferoxamine or deferiprone, inhibited the growth ofC. albicansat relatively low concentrationsin vitro, and this inhibition was reversed by iron addition. DIBI in combination with various azoles demonstrated stronger growth inhibition than the azoles alone and greatly prolonged the inhibition of cell multiplication. In addition, the administration of DIBI along with fluconazole (FLC) to mice inoculated with an FLC-sensitive isolate in a model of experimentalC. albicansvaginitis showed a markedly improved clearance of infection. These results suggest that iron chelation by DIBI has the potential to enhance azole efficacy for the treatment of candidiasis.

scholarly journals Piperaquine resistant Cambodian Plasmodium falciparum clinical isolates: in vitro genotypic and phenotypic characterization

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nonlawat Boonyalai ◽  
Brian A. Vesely ◽  
Chatchadaporn Thamnurak ◽  
Chantida Praditpol ◽  
Watcharintorn Fagnark ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization

scholarly journals Species distribution and antifungal susceptibility of 358 Trichosporon clinical isolates collected in 24 medical centres

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 909.e1-909.e5 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.C. Francisco ◽  
J.N. de Almeida Junior ◽  
F. de Queiroz Telles ◽  
V.R. Aquino ◽  
A.V.A. Mendes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Distribution ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Clinical Isolates

scholarly journals Prevalence of yeasts in the oral cavity of children treated with inhaled corticosteroids

2004 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edson Yukio Komiyama ◽  
Patrícia Monteiro Ribeiro ◽  
Juliana Campos Junqueira ◽  
Cristiane Yumi Koga-Ito ◽  
Antonio Olavo Cardoso Jorge
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Inhaled Corticosteroids ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Significant Statistical Difference ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Phosphate Buffered Saline ◽  
Prevalent Species

The aim of this study was to observe the prevalence of Candida spp. in the oral cavity of children undergoing treatment with inhaled corticosteroids. Thirty children treated with inhaled corticosteroids and thirty control children were studied. Saliva samples were collected through oral rinses with phosphate buffered saline (PBS). The samples were plated on Sabouraud's dextrose agar and incubated at 37°C for 48 h. After this period, the number of colony-forming units per ml (cfu/ml) of saliva was calculated. The isolates were identified by phenotypic characterization. Candida spp. was isolated from 43.33% of the samples of children treated with corticosteroids, with a mean of 780 cfu/ml of saliva, and from 30% of the samples of the control group, with a mean of 560 cfu/ml of saliva. No significant statistical difference was observed between the groups. C. albicans was the prevalent species in both groups, followed by C. guilliermondii, C. parapsilosis and C. stellatoidea. Furthermore, Rhodotorula rubra and C. lusitaniae were also isolated from the treated group. We concluded that there was no significant increase in the prevalence and number of Candida spp. in the oral cavity of children treated with inhaled corticosteroids.

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