scholarly journals Selectively increased autofluorescence at fingernails and certain regions of skin: A potential novel diagnostic biomarker for Parkinson’s disease

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danhong Wu ◽  
Yue Tao ◽  
Mingchao Zhang ◽  
Yujia Li ◽  
Liwei Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
Distinct Pattern ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Diagnostic Biomarker

AbstractDiagnosis of Parkinson’s disease (PD) mainly relies on the judgment of experienced neurologists on the clinical symptoms of patients. Quantitative and specific biomarker tests for PD is greatly needed. In this study we tested our hypothesis that increased autofluorescence (AF) of skin and fingernails may become a novel diagnostic biomarker for PD. Our study has indicated that PD patients have a distinct pattern of AF changes, compared with that of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients: First, the AF intensity of PD patients in the fingernails and a part of the examined regions of skin is significantly higher than that of the healthy and Low-Risk group, while the AF intensity of AIS patients is significantly higher than that of the healthy and Low-Risk group in most regions examined; second, there is AF asymmetry at the index fingernails and two regions of the skin of PD patients, while there is AF asymmetry at all examined regions of AIS patients; and third, both the AF intensity and AF asymmetry at Centremetacarpus of PD patients is significantly lower than those of AIS patients. The increased AF may result from the altered keratins’ AF induced by the oxidative stress in the plasma of PD patients. Collectively, our study has indicated that PD patients have a distinct pattern of AF changes compared with those of healthy and Low-Risk persons as well as AIS patients, which may become a novel diagnostic biomarker for PD.

scholarly journals Distinct ‘pattern of autofluorescence’ of acute ischemic stroke patients’ skin and fingernails: A novel diagnostic biomarker for acute ischemic stroke

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danhong Wu ◽  
Mingchao Zhang ◽  
Yue Tao ◽  
Yujia Li ◽  
Shufan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
Stable Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Recovery Phase ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
Distinct Pattern ◽  
Diagnostic Biomarker ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Artery Disease

AbstractEarly diagnosis of stroke is critical for therapeutic efficacy. Our study was designed to test our hypothesis that altered ‘Pattern of Autofluorescence (AF)’ may be a novel diagnostic biomarker for acute ischemic stroke (AIS). The major findings of our study include: First, the green AF intensity of the AIS Group in their fingernails and most regions of their skin examined is significantly higher than that of the Healthy group, the Low-Risk Group, the High-Risk Group, and the Groups of Ischemic Stroke Patients during Recovery Phase. Second, the AF increases of the AIS patients are asymmetrical: The AF intensity of their left hands is significantly different from that of their right hands. Third, ROC analyses show that both the sensitivity and the specificity of the AF-based diagnostic approach for AIS are greater than 0.86, when AF intensity is used as the sole factor for the analyses. Fourth, the number of the regions with increased AF intensity is highly positively correlated with the probability that the person examined is a AIS patient. Moreover, there are distinct differences among the ‘Pattern of AF’ of the patients of AIS, lung cancer as well as myocardial ischemia, stable coronary artery disease and Parkinson’s disease. Our study has further suggested that the AF increases in the skin and the fingernails of AIS patients may result from oxidative stress-induced alterations of keratins. Collectively, our study has indicated that the characteristic ‘Pattern of AF’ of AIS patients could become a novel diagnostic biomarker for the disease.

scholarly journals Therapeutic Effects of Hydrogen in Animal Models of Parkinson's Disease

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyota Fujita ◽  
Yusaku Nakabeppu ◽  
Mami Noda
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Cellular Apoptosis ◽  
6 Hydroxydopamine

Since the first description of Parkinson's disease (PD) nearly two centuries ago, a number of studies have revealed the clinical symptoms, pathology, and therapeutic approaches to overcome this intractable neurodegenerative disease. 1-methy-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) and 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) are neurotoxins which produce Parkinsonian pathology. From the animal studies using these neurotoxins, it has become well established that oxidative stress is a primary cause of, and essential for, cellular apoptosis in dopaminergic neurons. Here, we describe the mechanism whereby oxidative stress evokes irreversible cell death, and propose a novel therapeutic strategy for PD using molecular hydrogen. Hydrogen has an ability to reduce oxidative damage and ameliorate the loss of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neuronal pathway in two experimental animal models. Thus, it is strongly suggested that hydrogen might provide a great advantage to prevent or minimize the onset and progression of PD.

Explore the Effects of Fe3O4 Nanoparticles and Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammatory Responses on the Intestinal Flora Based on a Parkinson Rat Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 1176-1183
Author(s):  
Li Xu ◽  
Tuexun Mayila ◽  
Jie Wang
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Intestinal Flora ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Parkinson’s disease is a degenerative disease of the central nervous system, and it occurs in middle-aged and elderly people. Studies have shown that both the clinical symptoms and neuropathological evidence of Parkinson’s disease suggest that Parkinson’s disease may originate in the gut. Intestinal flora homeostasis plays an important role in maintaining normal functions of the brain and nervous system. It participates in changes in cellular flora through oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and immune response during metabolism. Intestinal flora disorders are closely related to the onset of neurological diseases such as Parkinson’s disease (PD). In order to better understand the relationship between intestinal flora and Parkinson’s disease, this article studies the correlation between PD rat models and intestinal flora, and analyzes the possible relationship between them. The 6-OHDA PD rat model is currently a better model preparation method, which is widely used in PD research. The experimental results show that using Fe3O4 nanoparticle technology to detect intestinal flora disorders in PD patients, and the role of intestinal flora disorders in Parkinson’s disease may include affecting inflammatory response and oxidative stress, α-synuclein Protein (α-syn), these modes of action are not independent, there are complex and synergistic effects, and the molecular simulation mechanism may play a key role in these effects. There is a certain relationship between intestinal flora and Parkinson’s disease, but the specific mechanism is not clear, and further research is needed to provide more directions for the early diagnosis and early treatment of PD.

scholarly journals KENASABAN KADAR 8-HYDROXY-2-DEOXYGUANOSINE (8-OHDG) SERUM DENGAN DERAJAT DEFISIT NEUROLOGIS PADA STROK ISKEMIK {Correlation of Serum 8-Hydroxy-2-Deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) With Neurological Deficits in Ischemic Stroke}

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Liza Liza ◽  
Ida Parwati ◽  
Andi Basuki Prima Birawa
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Serum Concentration ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Structural Damage ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
The Brain

The brain blood flow blockage in ischemic stroke increased oxidative stress and free radicals that cause neurotic cells damage.Computed Tomography Scanning (CT scan) assesses the brain structural damage but not the brain cells damage quantitatively. Adiscrepancy between CT scanand clinical symptoms of ischemic stroke patient is often found. 8-Hydroxy-2-Deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG)serum concentrationis the result offree radical interaction with the cluster C8guanine bases, was used to assess the degree ofneuron cellsdamage, oxidative stress levels. Increase of 8-OHdG serum concentration indicates brain cellsdamage as reflected in the neurologicaldeficitsby the The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS). The aim of this study was to know the correlation of 8-OHdG serumconcentration with the determination of the degree of neurological deficitby NIHSS inischemic stroke patients. Seventy-two patients withacute ischemic stroke were enrolled in the Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital from August 2013 to January 2014. The research was carriedout by cross sectional study design. Statistical analysis was performed by Kruskal-Wallis test, rank Spearman’s correlation test. Mildneurological deficit with a median of 8-OHdG serum concentrations was 3.9 ng/mL (3.3−12.0 ng/mL), moderate neurological deficitwas 23 ng/mL (8.0−51.0 ng/mL) and the severe neurological deficit was 77.5 ng/mL (54.0−97.0 ng/mL). The correlation of 8-OHdGserum concentration with neurological deficits in acute ischemic stroke was 0.912 (p<0.001. Correlation of serum 8-OHdG concentrationwith neurological deficits in acute ischemic stroke was 0.912 (p<0.001). Based on this study result it can be concluded, that this researchhas a strong meaningful positive correlation of 8-OHdG serum concentration with neurological deficits as examined by NIHSS. Inconclusion, serum 8-OHdG has a strong meaningful positive correlation with neurological deficits. 8-OHdG serum concentration can beconsidered to be used to assess discrepancy between CT scan and clinical symptoms as well in health facilities without CT scan.

Parkinson’s puzzle

2012 ◽  
Vol 153 (52) ◽  
pp. 2060-2069 ◽  
Author(s):  
András Guseo
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Unknown Origin ◽  
Symptomatic Improvement ◽  
Blue Green Algae ◽  
Clinical Observations ◽  
Degenerative Disorders ◽  
Local Cell

Parkinson’s disease is one of the most frequent progressive degenerative disorders with unknown origin of the nervous system. The commutation of the disease on Guam led to the discovery of a neurotoxin which was also found in other continents. This neurotoxin was identified in the common cyanobacteria (blue-green algae). Early clinical observations suggested some loose correlations with gastric and duodenal ulcer and Parkinson’s disease, while recent studies revealed a toxin, almost identical to that found in cyanobacteria in one strain of Helicobacter pylori, which proved to cause Parkinson like symptoms in animals. Therefore, it cannot be ruled out that there is a slowly progressive poisoning in Parkinson’s disease. The disease specific alpha-sinuclein inclusions can be found in nerve cells of the intestinal mucosa far before the appearance of clinical symptoms indicating that the disease may start in the intestines. These results are strengthened by the results of Borody’s fecal transplants, after which in Parkinson patients showed a symptomatic improvement. Based on these observations the Parkinson puzzle is getting complete. Although these observations are not evidence based, they may indicate a new way for basic clinical research, as well as a new way of thinking for clinicians. These new observations in psycho-neuro-immunology strengthen the fact that immunological factors may also play a critical factor facilitating local cell necrosis which may be influenced easily. Orv. Hetil., 2012, 153, 2060–2069.

Mitochondria as an Easy Target to Oxidative Stress Events in Parkinson's Disease

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 430-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcella Reale ◽  
Mirko Pesce ◽  
Medha Priyadarshini ◽  
Mohammad A Kamal ◽  
Antonia Patruno
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease

scholarly journals The Contribution of Microglia to Neuroinflammation in Parkinson’s Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 4676
Author(s):  
Katja Badanjak ◽  
Sonja Fixemer ◽  
Semra Smajić ◽  
Alexander Skupin ◽  
Anne Grünewald
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokine ◽  
Population Ageing ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cytokine Release ◽  
Vicious Cycle ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Great Evidence

With the world’s population ageing, the incidence of Parkinson’s disease (PD) is on the rise. In recent years, inflammatory processes have emerged as prominent contributors to the pathology of PD. There is great evidence that microglia have a significant neuroprotective role, and that impaired and over activated microglial phenotypes are present in brains of PD patients. Thereby, PD progression is potentially driven by a vicious cycle between dying neurons and microglia through the instigation of oxidative stress, mitophagy and autophagy dysfunctions, a-synuclein accumulation, and pro-inflammatory cytokine release. Hence, investigating the involvement of microglia is of great importance for future research and treatment of PD. The purpose of this review is to highlight recent findings concerning the microglia-neuronal interplay in PD with a focus on human postmortem immunohistochemistry and single-cell studies, their relation to animal and iPSC-derived models, newly emerging technologies, and the resulting potential of new anti-inflammatory therapies for PD.

scholarly journals Oxidative stress and Parkinson’s disease

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Blesa ◽  
Ines Trigo-Damas ◽  
Anna Quiroga-Varela ◽  
Vernice R. Jackson-Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease

scholarly journals The Role of Salivary Biomarkers in the Early Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease and Parkinson’s Disease

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 371
Author(s):  
Patrycja Pawlik ◽  
Katarzyna Błochowiak
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Diagnostic Tool ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Early Screening ◽  
Salivary Biomarkers

Many neurodegenerative diseases present with progressive neuronal degeneration, which can lead to cognitive and motor impairment. Early screening and diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD) are necessary to begin treatment before the onset of clinical symptoms and slow down the progression of the disease. Biomarkers have shown great potential as a diagnostic tool in the early diagnosis of many diseases, including AD and PD. However, screening for these biomarkers usually includes invasive, complex and expensive methods such as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) sampling through a lumbar puncture. Researchers are continuously seeking to find a simpler and more reliable diagnostic tool that would be less invasive than CSF sampling. Saliva has been studied as a potential biological fluid that could be used in the diagnosis and early screening of neurodegenerative diseases. This review aims to provide an insight into the current literature concerning salivary biomarkers used in the diagnosis of AD and PD. The most commonly studied salivary biomarkers in AD are β-amyloid1-42/1-40 and TAU protein, as well as α-synuclein and protein deglycase (DJ-1) in PD. Studies continue to be conducted on this subject and researchers are attempting to find correlations between specific biomarkers and early clinical symptoms, which could be key in creating new treatments for patients before the onset of symptoms.

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