scholarly journals Social communication between microbes colonizing the social honey bee Apis mellifera

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.I. Miller ◽  
C.D. Franklin ◽  
H. R. Mattila ◽  
I.L.G. Newton
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Quorum Sensing ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Native Flora

AbstractThe European honey bee (Apis mellifera) is a charismatic species that plays a critical role in the pollination of agriculturally important crops and native flora. One emerging field of research is that of the host-associated honey bee microbiome: a group of bacterial phylotypes consistently found within the honey bee, which may play critical roles such as protection from pathogens and nutrient acquisition. In other model systems, host-associated microbial communities are known to participate in a form of bacterial communication known as quorum sensing. This type of communication allows bacteria to sense their environment and respond with changes in gene expression, controlling a number of factors including virulence, biofilm formation, and cell motility. Here, we have investigated the production of a specific quorum sensing molecule by honey bee microbes in vivo and in vitro. We specifically focused on the inter-species signaling molecule, autoinducer-2 (AI-2). We identified the production of AI-2 by both the entire community (using honey bee gut homogenates) and by cultured isolates, using a Vibrio harveyi biosensor. By comparing newly emerged and adult bees, we showed this signal is likely coming from the core microbial community. Finally, using honey bee specific bacterial isolates, we identified changes in biofilm production when isolates are exposed to increased levels of exogenous AI-2. Altogether, these data provide multiple lines of evidence for the presence of quorum sensing inside the honey bee host. The effect of AI-2 on biofilm formation by honey bee specific bacteria identifies one potential avenue for quorum sensing to affect host health.Author summaryMicrobial communities associate with every animal on the planet and can have dramatic effects on the health of their host. The honey bee is one such animal, home to a characteristic community of bacteria, which may provide various benefits. Here, we show that these microbes are producing quorum sensing molecules which could support interactions between bacterial members and facilitate host colonization.

In vitro and in vivo efficacy of rosmarinic acid on quorum sensing mediated biofilm formation and virulence factor production in Aeromonas hydrophila

Biofouling ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (10) ◽  
pp. 1171-1183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kannan Rama Devi ◽  
Ramanathan Srinivasan ◽  
Arunachalam Kannappan ◽  
Sivasubramanian Santhakumari ◽  
Murugan Bhuvaneswari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quorum Sensing ◽  
Virulence Factor ◽  
Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽  
Rosmarinic Acid ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
In Vivo Efficacy ◽  
Factor Production ◽  
Virulence Factor Production

Mosloflavone attenuates the quorum sensing controlled virulence phenotypes and biofilm formation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1: In vitro, in vivo and in silico approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 131 ◽  
pp. 128-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sairengpuii Hnamte ◽  
Paramanantham Parasuraman ◽  
Sampathkumar Ranganathan ◽  
Dinakara Rao Ampasala ◽  
Dhanasekhar Reddy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Quorum Sensing ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Pao1

scholarly journals Antagonistic Effect of Gut Bacteria in the Hybrid Carniolan Honey Bee, Apis Mellifera Carnica, Against Ascosphaera Apis, the Causal Organism of Chalkbrood Disease

2014 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed O. M. Omar ◽  
Adhm M. Moustafa ◽  
Mohammad J. Ansari ◽  
Abdelsalam M. Anwar ◽  
Bassam F. Fahmy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Ascosphaera Apis ◽  
Causal Organism ◽  
Apis Mellifera Carnica

Abstract The objective of this study was to isolate and characterize bacterial strains associated with the gut of the hybrid Carniolan honey bee, Apis mellifera carnica, and to determine their in vitro and in vivo potential against Ascosphaera apis, the causal organism of chalkbrood disease, with the purpose of exploring feasible biological control. Six bacterial strains were isolated from healthy worker honey bees by culture-dependent methods. Six fungal strains (A3, A4, A7, A8, A9, and A15) of A. apis were isolated from larvae suffering from chalkbrood disease on Yeast-Glucose-Starch agar (YGPSA) medium. All bacteria were identified by a combination of morphology, Gram stain, and 16S rRNA sequence analysis, and fungal strains were identified by morphology and 5.8S rRNA. In vitro and in vivo inhibition assays were carried out to determine the ability of bacterial isolates to inhibit A. apis, the causal agent of chalkbrood disease. The analysis of 16S rRNA sequences revealed that four bacterial strains (B2, B4, B10, and B100) belong to Bacillus subtilis species, and two strains (P1 and P5) belong to Pseudomonas fluorescence. Significant differences in antagonistic activity of all bacterial strains were observed. B. subtilis isolate B2 showed the highest antagonistic activity, as measured by the inhibition zone against A. apis, followed by the P1 strain of P. fluorescence. SEM analysis also supports the antagonistic activity of these bacteria against A. apis. This study provides a theoretical basis for biological control of honey bee chalkbrood disease.

Rapid biosynthesized AgNPs from Gelidiella acerosa aqueous extract mitigates quorum sensing mediated biofilm formation of Vibrio species—an in vitro and in vivo approach

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (35) ◽  
pp. 27254-27268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lakkakula Satish ◽  
Sivasubramanian Santhakumari ◽  
Shanmugaraj Gowrishankar ◽  
Shunmugiah Karutha Pandian ◽  
Arumugam Veera Ravi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quorum Sensing ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Vibrio Species ◽  
Gelidiella Acerosa ◽  
Biosynthesized Agnps

scholarly journals Sialylation of Lipooligosaccharides Promotes Biofilm Formation by Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae

2004 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Edward Swords ◽  
Miranda L. Moore ◽  
Luciana Godzicki ◽  
Gail Bukofzer ◽  
Michael J. Mitten ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sialic Acid ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Model System ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Bacterial Persistence ◽  
Tract Infections

ABSTRACT Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) is a major cause of opportunistic respiratory tract infections, including otitis media and bronchitis. The persistence of NTHi in vivo is thought to involve bacterial persistence in a biofilm community. Therefore, there is a need for further definition of bacterial factors contributing to biofilm formation by NTHi. Like other bacteria inhabiting host mucosal surfaces, NTHi has on its surface a diverse array of lipooligosaccharides (LOS) that influence host-bacterial interactions. In this study, we show that LOS containing sialic (N-acetyl-neuraminic) acid promotes biofilm formation by NTHi in vitro and bacterial persistence within the middle ear or lung in vivo. LOS from NTHi in biofilms was sialylated, as determined by comparison of electrophoretic mobilities and immunochemical reactivities before and after neuraminidase treatment. Biofilm formation was significantly reduced in media lacking sialic acid, and a siaB (CMP-sialic acid synthetase) mutant was deficient in biofilm formation in three different in vitro model systems. The persistence of an asialylated siaB mutant was attenuated in a gerbil middle ear infection model system, as well as in a rat pulmonary challenge model system. These data show that sialylated LOS glycoforms promote biofilm formation by NTHi and persistence in vivo.

scholarly journals Seeing is believing: methods to monitor vertebrate autophagy in vivo

Open Biology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 180106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Lopez ◽  
Angeleen Fleming ◽  
David C. Rubinsztein
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Strategy ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Protein Homeostasis ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Intracellular Regulation ◽  
Vertebrate Model ◽  
Nervous System Function

Autophagy is an intracellular clearance pathway that delivers cytoplasmic contents to the lysosome for degradation. It plays a critical role in maintaining protein homeostasis and providing nutrients under conditions where the cell is starved. It also helps to remove damaged organelles and misfolded or aggregated proteins. Thus, it is not surprising that defects in this pathway are associated with a variety of pathological conditions, such as neurodegeneration, cancer and infection. Pharmacological upregulation of autophagy is considered a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of neurodegenerative and infectious diseases. Studies in knockout mice have demonstrated that autophagy is essential for nervous system function, and data from invertebrate and vertebrate models suggest that the efficiency of autophagic processes generally declines with age. However, much of our understanding of the intracellular regulation of autophagy comes from in vitro studies, and there is a paucity of knowledge about how this process is regulated within different tissues and during the processes of ageing and disease. Here, we review the available tools to probe these questions in vivo within vertebrate model systems. We discuss how these tools have been used to date and consider future avenues of research.

scholarly journals Quinic acid: a potential antibiofilm agent against clinical resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lan Lu ◽  
Yuting Zhao ◽  
Guojuan Yi ◽  
Mingxing Li ◽  
Li Liao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Quorum Sensing ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Quinic Acid ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Active Ingredients

Abstract Background The biofilm state of pathogens facilitates antimicrobial resistance which makes difficult-to-treat infections. In this regard, it has been found that the compounds screened from plant extracts represent one category of the most promising antibiofilm agents. However, the antibiofilm activities and the active ingredients of plant extracts remain largely unexplored. In this background, the study is (1) to screen out the plant extracts with antibiofilm ability against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and (2) to identify the active ingredients in the plant extracts and elucidate the underlying mechanism of the antibiofilm activities. Methods Micro-broth dilution method, in vitro biofilm model, LC–MS/MS analysis and P. aeruginosa-mouse infection model were adopted to assess the antibiofilm activity. GC–MS analysis was performed to detect the active ingredients in plasma. RNA-Seq, GO analysis, KEGG analysis and RT-qPCR were adopted to elucidate the underlying mechanism of antibiofilm activities against P. aeruginosa. Results Lonicerae Japonicae Flos (LJF) among 13 plants could exert significant inhibitory effects on bacterial biofilm formation, mobility and toxin release in vitro, and it could exert antibiofilm effect in vivo too. Moreover, quinic acid, as one metabolite of chlorogenic acid, was found as an active ingredient in LJF against the biofilm of P. aeruginosa. The active ingredient significantly inhibited EPS secretion in biofilm formation and maturity and could achieve synergistic antibiofilm effect with levofloxacin. It reduced the biofilm formation by regulating core targets in quorum sensing system. In GO process, it was found that the core targets were significantly enriched in multiple biological processes involving locomotion, chemotaxis and motility mediated by flagellum/cilium, which was related to KEGG pathways such as bacterial chemotaxis, oxidative phosphorylation, ribosome, biofilm formation, cyanoamino acid metabolism and quorum sensing. Finally, the binding of quinic acid with core targets rhlA, rhlR and rhlB were validated by molecular docking and RT-qPCR. Conclusions In summary, the study verified the in vitro and in vivo antibiofilm effects of LJF against P. aeruginosa and elucidated the active ingredients in LJF and its conceivable pharmacological mechanism, indicating that quinic acid could have the potential of an antibiofilm agent against P. aeruginosa and related infections. Graphic abstract

scholarly journals Histological assessment, anti-quorum sensing, and anti-biofilm activities of Dioon spinulosum extract: in vitro and in vivo approach

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Engy Elekhnawy ◽  
Walaa A. Negm ◽  
Mona El-Aasr ◽  
Amal Abo Kamer ◽  
Mohammed Alqarni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Quorum Sensing ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Cell Surface Hydrophobicity ◽  
Fibroblast Cell ◽  
Surface Hydrophobicity ◽  
Human Skin Fibroblast ◽  
Electron Microscopes

AbstractPseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic bacterium causing several health problems and having many virulence factors like biofilm formation on different surfaces. There is a significant need to develop new antimicrobials due to the spreading resistance to the commonly used antibiotics, partly attributed to biofilm formation. Consequently, this study aimed to investigate the anti-biofilm and anti-quorum sensing activities of Dioon spinulosum, Dyer Ex Eichler extract (DSE), against Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates. DSE exhibited a reduction in the biofilm formation by P. aeruginosa isolates both in vitro and in vivo rat models. It also resulted in a decrease in cell surface hydrophobicity and exopolysaccharide quantity of P. aeruginosa isolates. Both bright field and scanning electron microscopes provided evidence for the inhibiting ability of DSE on biofilm formation. Moreover, it reduced violacein production by Chromobacterium violaceum (ATCC 12,472). It decreased the relative expression of 4 quorum sensing genes (lasI, lasR, rhlI, rhlR) and the biofilm gene (ndvB) using qRT-PCR. Furthermore, DSE presented a cytotoxic activity with IC50 of 4.36 ± 0.52 µg/ml against human skin fibroblast cell lines. For the first time, this study reports that DSE is a promising resource of anti-biofilm and anti-quorum sensing agents.

scholarly journals Critical Role of Bcr1-Dependent Adhesins in C. albicans Biofilm Formation In Vitro and In Vivo

2006 ◽  
Vol 2 (7) ◽  
pp. e63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clarissa J Nobile ◽  
David R Andes ◽  
Jeniel E Nett ◽  
Frank J Smith ◽  
Fu Yue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Critical Role
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