scholarly journals Disruption to functional networks in neonates with perinatal brain injury predicts motor skills at 8 months

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annika C. Linke ◽  
Conor Wild ◽  
Leire Zubiaurre-Elorza ◽  
Charlotte Herzmann ◽  
Hester Duffy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Injury ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
Brain Networks ◽  
Motor Impairment ◽  
Structural Mri ◽  
Perinatal Brain Injury ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Functional Brain ◽  
Functional Brain Networks

AbstractObjectiveFunctional connectivity magnetic resonance imaging (fcMRI) of neonates with perinatal brain injury could improve prediction of motor impairment before symptoms manifest, and establish how early brain organization relates to subsequent development. Methods: This cohort study is the first to describe and quantitatively assess functional brain networks and their relation to later motor skills in neonates with a diverse range of perinatal brain injuries. Infants (n=65, included in final analyses: n=53) were recruited from the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and were stratified based on their age at birth (premature vs. term), and on whether neuropathology was diagnosed from structural MRI. Functional brain networks and a measure of disruption to functional connectivity were obtained from 14 minutes of fcMRI acquired during natural sleep at term-equivalent age.ResultsDisruption to connectivity of the somatomotor and frontoparietal executive networks predicted motor impairment at 4 and 8 months. This disruption in functional connectivity was not found to be driven by differences between clinical groups, or by any of the specific measures we captured to describe the clinical course.ConclusionfcMRI was predictive over and above other clinical measures available at discharge from the NICU, including structural MRI. Motor learning was affected by disruption to somatomotor networks, but also frontoparietal executive networks, which supports the functional importance of these networks in early development. Disruption to these two networks might be best addressed by distinct intervention strategies.

scholarly journals Brain network dynamics correlate with personality traits

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aya Kabbara ◽  
Veronique Paban ◽  
Arnaud Weill ◽  
Julien Modolo ◽  
Mahmoud Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Brain Networks ◽  
Neural Substrates ◽  
Brain Network ◽  
Functional Brain ◽  
Human Connectome Project ◽  
Functional Brain Networks ◽  
The Brain

AbstractIntroductionIdentifying the neural substrates underlying the personality traits is a topic of great interest. On the other hand, it is now established that the brain is a dynamic networked system which can be studied using functional connectivity techniques. However, much of the current understanding of personality-related differences in functional connectivity has been obtained through the stationary analysis, which does not capture the complex dynamical properties of brain networks.ObjectiveIn this study, we aimed to evaluate the feasibility of using dynamic network measures to predict personality traits.MethodUsing the EEG/MEG source connectivity method combined with a sliding window approach, dynamic functional brain networks were reconstructed from two datasets: 1) Resting state EEG data acquired from 56 subjects. 2) Resting state MEG data provided from the Human Connectome Project. Then, several dynamic functional connectivity metrics were evaluated.ResultsSimilar observations were obtained by the two modalities (EEG and MEG) according to the neuroticism, which showed a negative correlation with the dynamic variability of resting state brain networks. In particular, a significant relationship between this personality trait and the dynamic variability of the temporal lobe regions was observed. Results also revealed that extraversion and openness are positively correlated with the dynamics of the brain networks.ConclusionThese findings highlight the importance of tracking the dynamics of functional brain networks to improve our understanding about the neural substrates of personality.

scholarly journals Changes in intrinsic functional brain networks following blast-induced mild traumatic brain injury

Brain Injury ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (11) ◽  
pp. 1304-1310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrei A. Vakhtin ◽  
Vince D. Calhoun ◽  
Rex E. Jung ◽  
Jillian L. Prestopnik ◽  
Paul A. Taylor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Networks ◽  
Functional Brain ◽  
Functional Brain Networks

scholarly journals Neonatal Functional and Structural Connectivity Are Associated with Cerebral Palsy at Two Years of Age

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (02) ◽  
pp. 137-145
Author(s):  
Stephanie L. Merhar ◽  
Elveda Gozdas ◽  
Jean A. Tkach ◽  
Nehal A. Parikh ◽  
Beth M. Kline-Fath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Structural Connectivity ◽  
Motor Task ◽  
Structural Mri ◽  
Perinatal Brain Injury ◽  
The Right ◽  
Almost All

Objective The accuracy of structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to predict later cerebral palsy (CP) in newborns with perinatal brain injury is variable. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and task-based functional MRI (fMRI) show promise as predictive tools. We hypothesized that infants who later developed CP would have reduced structural and functional connectivity as compared with those without CP. Study Design We performed DTI and fMRI using a passive motor task at 40 to 48 weeks' postmenstrual age in 12 infants with perinatal brain injury. CP was diagnosed at age 2 using a standardized examination. Results Five infants had CP at 2 years of age, and seven did not have CP. Tract-based spatial statistics showed a widespread reduction of fractional anisotropy (FA) in almost all white matter tracts in the CP group. Using the median FA value in the corticospinal tracts as a cutoff, FA was 100% sensitive and 86% specific to predict CP compared with a sensitivity of 60 to 80% and a specificity of 71% for structural MRI. During fMRI, the CP group had reduced functional connectivity from the right supplemental motor area as compared with the non-CP group. Conclusion DTI and fMRI obtained soon after birth are potential biomarkers to predict CP in newborns with perinatal brain injury.

scholarly journals Awakening after a sleeping pill: Restoring functional brain networks after severe brain injury

Cortex ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 132 ◽  
pp. 135-146
Author(s):  
Hisse Arnts ◽  
Willemijn S. van Erp ◽  
Lennard I. Boon ◽  
Conrado A. Bosman ◽  
Marjolein M. Admiraal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Networks ◽  
Severe Brain Injury ◽  
Functional Brain ◽  
Functional Brain Networks

scholarly journals The independent influences of age and education on functional brain networks and cognition in healthy older adults

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alistair Perry ◽  
Wei Wen ◽  
Nicole A. Kochan ◽  
Anbupalam Thalamuthu ◽  
Perminder S. Sachdev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Brain Networks ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Healthy Ageing ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
Functional Brain ◽  
Functional Brain Networks

AbstractHealthy ageing is accompanied by a constellation of changes in cognitive processes and alterations in functional brain networks. The relationships between brain networks and cognition during ageing in later life are moderated by demographic and environmental factors, such as prior education, in a poorly understood manner. Using multivariate analyses, we identify three latent patterns (or modes) linking resting-state functional connectivity to demographic and cognitive measures in 101 cognitively-normal elders. The first mode (p=0.00043) captures an opposing association between age and core cognitive processes such as attention and processing speed on functional connectivity patterns. The functional subnetwork expressed by this mode links bilateral sensorimotor and visual regions through key areas such as the parietal operculum. A strong, independent association between years of education and functional connectivity loads onto a second mode (p=0.012), characterised by the involvement of key hub-regions. A third mode (p=0.041) captures weak, residual brain-behaviour relations. Our findings suggest that circuits supporting lower-level cognitive processes are most sensitive to the influence of age in healthy older adults. Education, and to a lesser extent, executive functions, load independently onto functional networks - suggesting that the moderating effect of education acts upon networks distinct from those vulnerable with ageing. This has important implications in understanding the contribution of education to cognitive reserve during healthy ageing.

P2-070: Increased randomness of functional brain networks in Alzheimer's disease: ‘small-world' network analysis of non-linear functional connectivity

2008 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. T387-T388
Author(s):  
Ernesto J. Sanz-Arigita ◽  
Menno M. Schoonheim ◽  
Jeske S. Damoiseaux ◽  
Serge A.R.B. Rombouts ◽  
Frederik Barkhof ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Linear Functional ◽  
Brain Networks ◽  
Small World ◽  
Small World Network ◽  
Functional Brain ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Functional Brain Networks
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