scholarly journals The effect of abiotic and biotic stress on the salicylic acid biosynthetic pathway from mandelonitrile in peach

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernal-Vicente Agustina ◽  
Petri Cesar ◽  
Hernández José Antonio ◽  
Diaz-Vivancos Pedro
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Biotic Stress ◽  
Biosynthetic Pathway ◽  
Phenylalanine Ammonia Lyase ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Plum Pox Virus ◽  
Abiotic And Biotic Stress

HighlightWe show that the recently suggested third pathway for SA biosynthesis from mandelonitrile in peach is also functional under both abiotic and biotic stress conditions.AbstractSalicylic acid (SA) plays a central role in plant responses to environmental stresses via the SA-mediated regulation of many metabolic and molecular processes. In a recent study, we suggested a third pathway for SA biosynthesis from mandelonitrile (MD) in peach plants. This pathway is alternative to the phenylalanine ammonia-lyase pathway and links SA biosynthesis and cyanogenesis. In the present work, we show that this new SA biosynthetic pathway is also functional under abiotic (salt) and biotic (Plum pox virus infection) stress conditions, although the contribution of this pathway to the SA pool does not seem to be important under such conditions. Treating peach plants with MD not only affected the SA content, but it also had a pleiotropic effect on abscisic acid and jasmonic acid levels, two well-known stress related hormones, as well as on the H2O2-related antioxidant activities. Furthermore, MD improved plant performance under the stressful conditions, probably via the activation of different signaling pathways. We have thus proven that SA is not limited to biotic stress responses, but that it also plays a role in the response to abiotic stress in peach, although the physiological functions of this new SA biosynthetic pathway from MD remain to be elucidated.AbbreviationsABAabcisic acidAPXascorbate peroxidaseBAbenzoic acidCATcatalaseCNglcscyanogenic glycosidesMDmandelonitrileNPR1non-expressor of pathogenesis-related genePALphenylalanine ammonia-lyasePhephenylalaninePOXperoxidasePPVPlum pox virusSAsalicylic acidSODsuperoxide dismutaseTRXthioredoxins

scholarly journals Metabolomics and biochemical approaches link salicylic acid biosynthesis to cyanogenesis in peach plants

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diaz-Vivancos Pedro ◽  
Bernal-Vicente Agustina ◽  
Cantabella Daniel ◽  
Petri Cesar ◽  
Hernández José Antonio
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Biosynthetic Pathway ◽  
Plant Stress ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Plum Pox Virus ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Cyanogenic Glycosides ◽  
Partial Protection ◽  
Plant Stress Responses

HighlightMandelonitrile, and hence cyanogenic glycosides turnover, is involved in salicylic acid (SA) biosynthesis in peach plants under control and stress conditions. A third pathway for SA synthesis in peach is proposed.AbstractDespite the long-established importance of salicylic acid (SA) in plant stress responses and other biological processes, its biosynthetic pathway has not been fully characterized. The proposed SA synthesis originates from chorismate by two distinct pathways: isochorismate and penhylalanine (Phe) ammonia-lyase (PAL) pathways. Cyanogenesis is the process related to the release of hydrogen cyanide from endogenous cyanogenic glycosides (CNglcs), and it has been linked to plant plasticity improvement. To date, however, no relationship has been suggested between both pathways. In this work, by metabolomics and biochemical approaches (including [13C]-labelled compounds), we provide evidences showing that CNglcs turnover is involved, at least in part, in SA biosynthesis in peach plants under control and stress conditions.The main CNglcs in peach are prunasin and amygdalin, with mandelonitrile (MD), synthesized from Phe, controlling their turnover. In peach plants MD is at the hub of the suggested new SA biosynthetic pathway and CNglcs turnover, regulating both the amygdalin and SA biosynthesis. MD-treated peach plants displayed increased SA levels via benzoic acid (SA precursor). In addition, MD also provides partial protection against Plum pox virus infection in peach seedlings. Thus, we proposed a third pathway, alternative to the PAL pathway, for SA synthesis in peach plants.

scholarly journals Role of ethylene and the APETALA 2/ethylene response factor superfamily in rice under various abiotic and biotic stress conditions

2017 ◽  
Vol 134 ◽  
pp. 33-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rambod Abiri ◽  
Noor Azmi Shaharuddin ◽  
Mahmood Maziah ◽  
Zetty Norhana Balia Yusof ◽  
Narges Atabaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biotic Stress ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Ethylene Response Factor ◽  
Response Factor ◽  
Abiotic And Biotic Stress ◽  
Ethylene Response ◽  
Apetala 2

scholarly journals Antioxidative and Metabolic Contribution to Salinity Stress Responses in Two Rapeseed Cultivars during the Early Seedling Stage

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1227
Author(s):  
Ali Mahmoud El-Badri ◽  
Maria Batool ◽  
Ibrahim A. A. Mohamed ◽  
Zongkai Wang ◽  
Ahmed Khatab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle ◽  
Seedling Stage ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Early Seedling

Measuring metabolite patterns and antioxidant ability is vital to understanding the physiological and molecular responses of plants under salinity. A morphological analysis of five rapeseed cultivars showed that Yangyou 9 and Zhongshuang 11 were the most salt-tolerant and -sensitive, respectively. In Yangyou 9, the reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and malondialdehyde (MDA) content were minimized by the activation of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) for scavenging of over-accumulated ROS under salinity stress. Furthermore, Yangyou 9 showed a significantly higher positive correlation with photosynthetic pigments, osmolyte accumulation, and an adjusted Na+/K+ ratio to improve salt tolerance compared to Zhongshuang 11. Out of 332 compounds identified in the metabolic profile, 225 metabolites were filtrated according to p < 0.05, and 47 metabolites responded to salt stress within tolerant and sensitive cultivars during the studied time, whereas 16 and 9 metabolic compounds accumulated during 12 and 24 h, respectively, in Yangyou 9 after being sown in salt treatment, including fatty acids, amino acids, and flavonoids. These metabolites are relevant to metabolic pathways (amino acid, sucrose, flavonoid metabolism, and tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA), which accumulated as a response to salinity stress. Thus, Yangyou 9, as a tolerant cultivar, showed improved antioxidant enzyme activity and higher metabolite accumulation, which enhances its tolerance against salinity. This work aids in elucidating the essential cellular metabolic changes in response to salt stress in rapeseed cultivars during seed germination. Meanwhile, the identified metabolites can act as biomarkers to characterize plant performance in breeding programs under salt stress. This comprehensive study of the metabolomics and antioxidant activities of Brassica napus L. during the early seedling stage is of great reference value for plant breeders to develop salt-tolerant rapeseed cultivars.

scholarly journals WRKY Proteins: Signaling and Regulation of Expression during Abiotic Stress Responses

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aditya Banerjee ◽  
Aryadeep Roychoudhury
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Biotic Stress ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Abiotic Stress Tolerance ◽  
Plant Signaling ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
Abiotic And Biotic Stress ◽  
Regulation Of Expression ◽  
Wrky Proteins

WRKY proteins are emerging players in plant signaling and have been thoroughly reported to play important roles in plants under biotic stress like pathogen attack. However, recent advances in this field do reveal the enormous significance of these proteins in eliciting responses induced by abiotic stresses. WRKY proteins act as major transcription factors, either as positive or negative regulators. Specific WRKY factors which help in the expression of a cluster of stress-responsive genes are being targeted and genetically modified to induce improved abiotic stress tolerance in plants. The knowledge regarding the signaling cascade leading to the activation of the WRKY proteins, their interaction with other proteins of the signaling pathway, and the downstream genes activated by them are altogether vital for justified targeting of theWRKYgenes. WRKY proteins have also been considered to generate tolerance against multiple abiotic stresses with possible roles in mediating a cross talk between abiotic and biotic stress responses. In this review, we have reckoned the diverse signaling pattern and biological functions of WRKY proteins throughout the plant kingdom along with the growing prospects in this field of research.

scholarly journals Grapevine Biotechnology: Molecular Approaches Underlying Abiotic and Biotic Stress Responses

10.5772/64872 ◽  
2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grace Armijo ◽  
Carmen Espinoza ◽  
Rodrigo Loyola ◽  
Franko Restovic ◽  
Claudia Santibáñez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Responses ◽  
Biotic Stress ◽  
Abiotic And Biotic Stress ◽  
Molecular Approaches ◽  
Biotic Stress Responses

scholarly journals AtERF60 negatively regulates ABR1 to modulate salt, drought, and basal resistance in Arabidopsis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gajendra Singh Jeena ◽  
Ujjal Jyoti Phukan ◽  
Neeti Singh ◽  
Ashutosh Joshi ◽  
Alok Pandey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Biotic Stress ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Cis Elements ◽  
Abiotic And Biotic Stress ◽  
Basal Resistance ◽  
Drought And Salt Stress

ABSCISIC ACID REPRESSOR-1 (ABR1), an APETALA2 (AP2) domain containing transcription factor (TF) contribute important function against variety of external cues. Here, we report an AP2/ERF TF, AtERF60 that serves as an important regulator of ABR1 gene. AtERF60 is induced in response to drought, salt, abscisic acid (ABA), salicylic acid (SA), and bacterial pathogen PstDC3000 infection. AtERF60 interacts with DEHYDRATION RESPONSE ELEMENTS (DRE1/2) and GCC box indicating its ability to regulate multiple responses. Overexpression of AtERF60 results in the drought and salt stress tolerant phenotype in both seedling and mature Arabidopsis plants in comparison with the wild type (WT-Col). However, mutation in AtERF60 showed hyperactive response against drought and salt stress in comparison with its overexpression and WT. Microarray and qRT-PCR analysis of overexpression and mutant lines indicated that AtERF60 regulates both abiotic and biotic stress inducible genes. One of the differentially expressing transcripts was ABR1 and we found that AtERF60 interacts with the DRE cis-elements present in the ABR1 promoter. The mutation in AtERF60 showed ABA hypersensitive response, increased ABA content, and reduced susceptibility to PstDC3000. Altogether, we conclude that AtERF60 represses ABR1 transcript by binding with the DRE cis-elements and modulates both abiotic and biotic stress responses in Arabidopsis.

scholarly journals Linking Autophagy to Abiotic and Biotic Stress Responses

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 413-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santiago Signorelli ◽  
Łukasz Paweł Tarkowski ◽  
Wim Van den Ende ◽  
Diane C. Bassham
Keyword(s):  
Stress Responses ◽  
Biotic Stress ◽  
Abiotic And Biotic Stress ◽  
Biotic Stress Responses
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