scholarly journals ACE2 levels are altered in comorbidities linked to severe outcome in COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valur Emilsson ◽  
Elias F Gudmundsson ◽  
Thor Aspelund ◽  
Brynjolfur G Jonsson ◽  
Alexander Gudjonsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Single Center ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Gene Environment ◽  
Altered Serum

AbstractAimsSeverity of outcome in COVID-19 is disproportionately higher among the obese, males, smokers, those suffering from hypertension, kidney disease, coronary heart disease (CHD) and/or type 2 diabetes (T2D). We examined if serum levels of ACE2, the cellular entry point for the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, were altered in these high-risk groups.MethodsAssociations of serum ACE2 levels to hypertension, T2D, obesity, CHD, smokers and males in a single center population-based study of 5457 Icelanders from the Age, Gene/Environment Susceptibility Reykjavik Study (AGES-RS) of the elderly (mean age 75±6 years).ResultsSmokers, males, and individuals with T2D or obesity have altered serum levels of ACE2 that may influence productive infection of SARS-CoV-2 in these high-risk groups.ConclusionACE2 levels are upregulated in some patient groups with comorbidities linked to COVID-19 and as such may have an emerging role as outcome in COVID-19. a circulating biomarker for severity of severity of outcome in COVID-19.Key PointsQuestionSeverity of outcome in COVID-19 is disproportionately higher among the obese, males, smokers, those suffering from hypertension, kidney disease, coronary heart disease (CHD) and/or type 2 diabetes (T2D). Thus, we asked if the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2 was altered in the sera from these high-risk groups?FindingsIn a single center population-based study of 5457 Icelanders, the Age, Gene/Environment Susceptibility Reykjavik Study (AGES-RS), we find that ACE2 levels are significantly elevated in serum from smokers, obese and diabetic individuals, while reduced in males.MeaningThese results demonstrate that individuals with comorbidities associated with infection of SARS-CoV-2 in these individuals. severe outcome in COVID-19 have altered serum levels of ACE2 that may influence productive

Perceptions of risk in adults with a low or high risk profile of developing type 2 diabetes; a cross-sectional population-based study

2008 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcel C. Adriaanse ◽  
Jos W.R. Twisk ◽  
Jacqueline M. Dekker ◽  
Annemieke M.W. Spijkerman ◽  
Giel Nijpels ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Risk Profile ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Perceptions Of Risk

scholarly journals Risk Factors for Pneumonia and Death in Adult Patients With Seasonal Influenza and Establishment of Prediction Scores: A Population-Based Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Koichi Miyashita ◽  
Eiji Nakatani ◽  
Hironao Hozumi ◽  
Yoko Sato ◽  
Yoshiki Miyachi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Seasonal Influenza ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Validation Cohort ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Relative Risks ◽  
Primary Care Settings

Abstract Background Seasonal influenza remains a global health problem; however, there are limited data on the specific relative risks for pneumonia and death among outpatients considered to be at high risk for influenza complications. This population-based study aimed to develop prediction models for determining the risk of influenza-related pneumonia and death. Methods We included patients diagnosed with laboratory-confirmed influenza between 2016 and 2017 (main cohort, n = 25 659), those diagnosed between 2015 and 2016 (validation cohort 1, n = 16 727), and those diagnosed between 2017 and 2018 (validation cohort 2, n = 34 219). Prediction scores were developed based on the incidence and independent predictors of pneumonia and death identified using multivariate analyses, and patients were categorized into low-, medium-, and high-risk groups based on total scores. Results In the main cohort, age, gender, and certain comorbidities (dementia, congestive heart failure, diabetes, and others) were independent predictors of pneumonia and death. The 28-day pneumonia incidence was 0.5%, 4.1%, and 10.8% in the low-, medium-, and high-risk groups, respectively (c-index, 0.75); the 28-day mortality was 0.05%, 0.7%, and 3.3% in the low-, medium-, and high-risk groups, respectively (c-index, 0.85). In validation cohort 1, c-indices for the models for pneumonia and death were 0.75 and 0.87, respectively. In validation cohort 2, c-indices for the models were 0.74 and 0.87, respectively. Conclusions We successfully developed and validated simple-to-use risk prediction models, which would promptly provide useful information for treatment decisions in primary care settings.

scholarly journals Metabolic effects of bariatric surgery on patients with type 2 diabetes: a population-based study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erman O. Akpinar ◽  
Ronald S.L. Liem ◽  
Simon W. Nienhuijs ◽  
Jan Willem M. Greve ◽  
Perla J. Marang-van de Mheen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Population Based Study

Atherogenic dyslipidemia, but not hyperglycemia, is an independent factor associated with liver fibrosis in subjects with type 2 diabetes and NAFLD: A population –based study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Teresa Julián ◽  
Guillem Pera ◽  
Berta Soldevila ◽  
Llorenç Caballería ◽  
Josep Julve ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Liver Stiffness ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Atherogenic Dyslipidemia ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Advanced Liver Fibrosis

Objective: To investigate the prevalence and risks factors associated with the presence of significant liver fibrosis in subjects with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). Design and methods: This study was part of a population-based study conducted in the Barcelona metropolitan area among subjects aged 18-75 years old. Secondary causes of steatosis were excluded. Moderate-to-advanced liver fibrosis was defined as a liver stiffness measurement (LSM) ≥ 8.0 kPa assessed by transient elastography. Results: Among 930 subjects with NAFLD, the prevalence of moderate-to-advanced liver fibrosis was higher in subjects with T2D compared those without (30.8% vs. 8.7%). By multivariable analysis, one of the main factors independently associated with increased LSM in subjects with NAFLD was atherogenic dyslipidemia, but only in those with T2D. The percentage of subjects with LSM ≥ 8.0 kPa was higher in subjects with T2D and atherogenic dyslipidemia than in those with T2D without atherogenic dyslipidemia, both for the cut-off point of LSM ≥8.0 kPa (45% vs 24%, p=0.002) and 13 kPa (13% vs 4%, p=0.020). No differences were observed in the prevalence of LSM ≥8.0 kPa regarding glycemic control among NAFLD-diabetic subjects. Conclusions: Factors associated with moderate-to-advanced liver fibrosis in NAFLD are different in subjects with and without T2D. Atherogenic dyslipidemia was associated with the presence of moderate-to-advanced liver fibrosis in T2D with NAFLD but not in non-diabetic subjects. These findings highlight the need for an active search for liver fibrosis in subjects with T2D, NAFLD and atherogenic dyslipidemia.

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