scholarly journals Effects of progesterone on the reproductive physiology in zebrafish

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunyun Zhong ◽  
Kewen Xiong ◽  
Xin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Endocrine System ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Fish Reproduction ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Adult Zebrafish ◽  
Female Fish ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Male Fish ◽  
Adverse Health Effects ◽  
Short Term Exposure

AbstractRecent studies have investigated that the synthetic progestins may lead to health issues to the aquatic organisms. Progesterone is a steroidal progestin and has been used as a contraceptive drug, which is detected in the aquatic ecosystem. However, the potential effects of progesterone on the fish reproduction are largely unclear. Here, we tested the effects of progesterone on the fish reproductive and endocrine systems. Adult zebrafish were exposed to progesterone for 10 days at environmental concentrations. The production of eggs was reduced in the exposed fish, and the circulating concentrations of estradiol (E2) and testosterone (T) in female fish or 11-keto testosterone (11-KT) in male fish were significantly diminished. Our results suggested that progesterone may cause adverse health effects on fish by disrupting the endocrine system, and short-term exposure to progesterone could overt affect the fish reproduction.

scholarly journals Responses of metabolic enzymes (GOT, GPT and LDH) in an Indian major carp Cirrhinus mrigala exposed to titanium dioxide (TiO2 ) nanorods under short-term exposure

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 69-78
Author(s):  
B. Rangasamy ◽  
A.P. Ashokan ◽  
M. Ramesh ◽  
A. Narayanasamy
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Tio2 Nanoparticles ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Tio2 Nanorods ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystem ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Indian Major Carp ◽  
Cirrhinus Mrigala ◽  
Short Term Exposure

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles are extensively manufactured due to their potential properties and applications invarious fields such as biomedical, electrical and environmental. These particles are likely to reach the aquatic environmentand may cause adverse effects on aquatic organisms. In this study, we investigated the effects of different concentrations (1, 50 and 100 mg L-l) of TiO2 nanorods (NRs). The enzymatic activity of glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT), glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was measured in the liver and muscle of an Indian major carp, Cirrhinus mrigala, under short-term exposure (96 h). The synthesised particles were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV-Visspectroscopy (UV-Vis) and photoluminescence (PL) techniques before conducting the toxicity assay. The GOT and GPT activities were significantly elevated in both liver and muscle of fish treated with TiO2 nanorods (except 50 mg L-l in muscle for GPT). Similarly, the activity of LDH was also found to be elevated. The findings of the present investigation suggest that TiO2:NRs might have be absorbed, circulated, accumulated in liver and muscles of C. mrigala resulting in alterations in the enzyme activities. The results revealed that TiO2 nanorods induced alterations in GOT, GPT and LDH activities of fish at tested concentrations. The alterations of these enzymatic parameters can be useful for monitoring the environmental contamination of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles in freshwater ecosystem.

scholarly journals Effects of Long-Term Triclosan Exposure on Microbiota in Zebrafish

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Tang ◽  
Pianpian Fan ◽  
Xiaogang Yu ◽  
Rui Ma ◽  
Yexuan Tao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Adult Zebrafish ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Short Term Exposure ◽  
Embryonic Life ◽  
A Minor

Background: Triclosan (TCS) is a widely used antibacterial agent in personal care products and is ubiquitous in the environment. We aimed to examine whether TCS exposure affects microbiota in the gastrointestinal tract of zebrafish.Methods: After exposure to TCS 0 (Dimethyl Sulphoxide, DMSO control), 0.03, 0.3, 3, 30, 100, and 300ng/ml, respectively, from day 0 to 120days post fertilization (dpf), or for 7days in adult 4-month zebrafish, the long- and short-term impact of TCS exposure on the microbiome in the gastrointestinal tract was evaluated by analyzing 16S rRNA gene V3-V4 region sequencing.Results: The top two most dominant microbiota phyla were Proteobacteria and Fusobacteria phylum in all zebrafish groups. In TCS exposure 0–120 dpf, compared with DMSO control, the mean number of microbial operational taxonomic units (OTUs) was 54.46 lower (p<0.0001), Chao indice 41.40 lower (p=0.0004), and Ace indice 34.10 lower (p=0.0044) in TCS 300ng/ml group, but no change was observed in most of the other TCS concentrations. PCoA diagram showed that the microbial community in the long-term TCS 300ng/ml exposure group clustered differently from those in the DMSO control and other TCS exposure groups. A shorter body length of the zebrafish was observed in the long-term TCS exposure at 0.03, 100, and 300ng/ml. For 7-day short-term exposure in adult zebrafish, no difference was observed in alpha or beta diversity of microbiota nor the relative abundance of Proteobacteria or Fusobacteria phylum among DMSO control and any TCS levels, but a minor difference in microbial composition was observed for TCS exposure.Conclusions: Long-term exposure to high TCS concentration in a window from early embryonic life to early adulthood may reduce diversity and alter the composition of microbiota in the gastrointestinal tract. The effect of short-term TCS exposure was not observed on the diversity of microbiota but there was a minor change of microbial composition in adult zebrafish with TCS exposure.

scholarly journals Impairment of zebrafish reproduction upon exposure to melengestrol acetate

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kewen Xiong ◽  
Chunyun Zhong ◽  
Xin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Endocrine Disruption ◽  
Endocrine Disruptor ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Control Fish ◽  
Fish Reproduction ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Melengestrol Acetate ◽  
Short Term Exposure ◽  
Female Zebrafish ◽  
Hatching Rates

AbstractSynthetic progestins contamination is common in the aquatic ecosystem, which may lead to serious health problem on aquatic animals. Melengestrol acetate (MGA) has been detected in the aquatic environment; however, its potential effects on fish reproduction are largely unclear. Here, we aimed to investigate the endocrine disruption and impact of MGA on zebrafish reproduction. Six-month old reproductive zebrafish were exposed to four nominal concentrations of MGA (1,10, 100 and 200 ng/L) for 15 days. Treatment with MGA reduced the egg production with a significant decrease at 200 ng/L. The circulating concentrations of estradiol and testosterone in female zebrafish or 11-keto testosterone in male zebrafish were significantly diminished compared to the non-exposed control fish. The early embryonic development or hatching rates were unaffected during the MGA exposure. Our results indicated that MGA was a potent endocrine disruptor in fish and the fish reproduction could be impaired even during a short-term exposure to MGA.

Short-term exposure of arsenite disrupted thyroid endocrine system and altered gene transcription in the HPT axis in zebrafish

2015 ◽  
Vol 205 ◽  
pp. 145-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong-Jie Sun ◽  
Hong-Bo Li ◽  
Ping Xiang ◽  
Xiaowei Zhang ◽  
Lena Q. Ma
Keyword(s):  
Gene Transcription ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Exposure ◽  
Altered Gene ◽  
Hpt Axis

scholarly journals COVID-19-Related Changes in NO2 and O3 Concentrations and Associated Health Effects in Malta

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Fenech ◽  
Noel J. Aquilina ◽  
Ryan Vella
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Learning Algorithm ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Complex Composition ◽  
Adverse Health Effects ◽  
Maltese Islands ◽  
Short Term Exposure ◽  
Traffic Site ◽  
Business As Usual

The start of 2020 has been characterized by emission reductions in various countries across the globe following the implementation of different lock-down measures to control the transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19). Consequently, these reductions influenced the air quality globally. In this study, we focus on daily nitrogen dioxide (NO2) as well as ozone (O3) concentrations measured across the Maltese Islands between January and mid-October 2020. Changes in air quality are generally difficult to detect due to the complex composition and interactions occurring within the atmosphere. To quantify changes in NO2 and O3 concentrations during the COVID-19 period, we use a random forest machine learning algorithm to determine a business as usual counterfactual scenario. Results highlight a decrease in monthly mean NO2 concentrations by up to 54% in the traffic site of Msida (~21 μg m−3). In contrast, the monthly mean O3 concentrations during the COVID-19 months are up to 61% higher compared to a business as usual scenario in Msida (~28 μg m−3). In this study, we also estimate the differences in attributable fraction (AF) associated with short-term exposure to NO2 and O3 concentrations. In Msida, the AF is up to 0.9% lower and 0.8% higher for measured NO2 and O3 concentrations, respectively. Our results highlight the favorable effects of decreasing traffic-related emissions on NO2 concentrations however, we also note increases in other pollutants for example O3 concentrations which especially in the short-term can lead to various adverse health effects.

scholarly journals Exposure effects of the UV-filter 4-MBC to "Solea senegalensis" metamorphosis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mário Araújo ◽  
Amadeu Soares ◽  
Marta Monteiro
Keyword(s):  
Critical Period ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Solea Senegalensis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Exposure

Abstract Many personal care products integrate UV-filters, such as 4-methylbenzylidene camphor (4-MBC) which has been detected in aquatic habitats. Possible effects of 4-MBC to aquatic organisms have been poorly studied. Therefore, the main objective of this work is to study the effects of 4-MBC exposure to Solea senegalensis during metamorphosis, a sensitive life stage of this flatfish. To achieve this, at the beginning of metamorphosis (13 days after hatching, dah) fish were exposed to 4-MBC (0.2–2.0 mg L− 1) for 48 h. After this period, fish were transferred to clean medium and were fed and maintained until more than 80% of fish in control group completed the metamorphosis (24 dah). Mortality, malformations and metamorphosis progression were studied on a daily basis. In addition, growth, behavior and biochemical markers of neurotransmission (acetylcholinesterase, AChE), oxidative stress (catalase, CAT; glutathione S-transferase, GST, and lipid peroxidation, LPO) and anaerobic metabolism (lactate dehydrogenase, LDH) were determined at the end of the experiment. An acceleration of metamorphosis progression was observed during and 2 days after the 4-MBC exposure in all concentrations tested. In addition, decreased length, inhibition of CAT activity and induction of oxidative damage (LOEC = 0.928 mg L− 1 4-MBC for length, CAT and LPO) were observed. A short-term exposure to 4-MBC at the onset of metamorphosis, a critical period of development, affected S. senegalensis at several levels of organization, even after nine days in clean medium, including growth and metamorphosis progression, suggesting possible long-term adverse effects to this species.

Toxicokinetic, Toxicodynamic, and Toxicoproteomic Aspects of Short-term Exposure to Trenbolone in Female Fish

2013 ◽  
Vol 136 (2) ◽  
pp. 413-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irvin R. Schultz ◽  
James J. Nagler ◽  
Penny Swanson ◽  
Dave Wunschel ◽  
Ann D. Skillman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Female Fish ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Exposure

scholarly journals Nanofiber-Based Face Masks and Respirators as COVID-19 Protection: A Review

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 250
Author(s):  
Wafa K. Essa ◽  
Suhad A. Yasin ◽  
Ibtisam A. Saeed ◽  
Gomaa A. M. Ali
Keyword(s):  
Feasible Solution ◽  
Antiviral Treatment ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Air Filtration ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Adverse Health Effects ◽  
Short Term Exposure ◽  
Surgical Masks ◽  
N95 Respirators ◽  
Inhalable Particulate Matter

Wearing face masks, use of respirators, social distancing, and practicing personal hygiene are all measures to prevent the spread of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19). This pandemic has revealed the deficiency of face masks and respirators across the world. Therefore, significant efforts are needed to develop air filtration and purification technologies, as well as innovative, alternative antibacterial and antiviral treatment methods. It has become urgent—in order for humankind to have a sustainable future—to provide a feasible solution to air pollution, particularly to capture fine inhalable particulate matter in the air. In this review, we present, concisely, the air pollutants and adverse health effects correlated with long- and short-term exposure to humans; we provide information about certified face masks and respirators, their compositions, filtration mechanisms, and the variations between surgical masks and N95 respirators, in order to alleviate confusion and misinformation. Then, we summarize the electrospun nanofiber-based filters and their unique properties to improve the filtration efficiency of face masks and respirators.

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