scholarly journals Salicylic acid perturbs sRNA-gibberellin regulatory network in immune response of potato to Potato virus Y infection

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maja Križnik ◽  
Marko Petek ◽  
David Dobnik ◽  
Živa Ramšak ◽  
Špela Baebler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Potato Virus ◽  
Regulatory Network ◽  
Potato Virus Y ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Functional Relation ◽  
Gibberellin Biosynthesis ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Viral Pathogen ◽  
Gibberellin Signaling

AbstractPotato virus Y is the most economically important potato viral pathogen. We aimed at unraveling the roles of small RNAs (sRNAs) in the complex immune signaling network controlling the establishment of tolerant response of potato cv. Désirée to the virus. We constructed a sRNA regulatory network connecting sRNAs and their targets to link sRNA level responses to physiological processes. We discovered an interesting novel sRNAs-gibberellin regulatory circuit being activated as early as 3 days post inoculation before viral multiplication can be detected. Increased levels of miR167 and phasiRNA931 were reflected in decreased levels of transcripts involved in gibberellin biosynthesis. Moreover, decreased concentration of gibberellin confirmed this regulation. The functional relation between lower activity of gibberellin signaling and reduced disease severity was previously confirmed in Arabidopsis-virus interaction using knockout mutants. We further showed that this regulation is salicylic acid-dependent as the response of sRNA network was attenuated in salicylic acid-depleted transgenic counterpart NahG-Désirée expressing severe disease symptoms. Besides downregulation of gibberellin signaling, regulation of several other parts of sRNA network in tolerant Désirée revealed similarities to responses observed in mutualistic symbiotic interactions. The intertwining of different regulatory networks revealed shows how developmental signaling, disease symptom development and stress signaling can be balanced.

scholarly journals Multiomics analysis of tolerant interaction of potato with potato virus Y

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tjaša Stare ◽  
Živa Ramšak ◽  
Maja Križnik ◽  
Kristina Gruden
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Potato Virus ◽  
Potato Virus Y ◽  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Plant Immunity ◽  
Disease Outcome ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Viral Pathogen ◽  
Viral Accumulation

Abstract Potato virus Y (PVY) is the most economically important viral pathogen of potato worldwide. Different potato cultivars react to the pathogen differently, resulting in resistant, tolerant or disease outcome of the interaction. Here we focus on tolerant interaction between potato cv. Désirée and PVYNTN. To capture the response in its full complexity, we analyzed the dynamic changes on multiple molecular levels, including transcriptomics, sRNAomics, degradomics, proteomics and hormonomics. The analysis was complemented by the measurements of viral accumulation, photosynthetic activity and phenotypisation of the symptoms. Besides cv. Désirée we also studied its transgenic counterpart depleted for the accumulation of salicylic acid (NahG-Désirée). This multiomics analysis provides better insights into the mechanisms leading to tolerant response of potato to viral infection and can be used as a base in further studies of plant immunity regulation.

scholarly journals Salicylic Acid Perturbs sRNA-Gibberellin Regulatory Network in Immune Response of Potato to Potato virus Y Infection

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maja Križnik ◽  
Marko Petek ◽  
David Dobnik ◽  
Živa Ramšak ◽  
Špela Baebler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Potato Virus ◽  
Regulatory Network ◽  
Potato Virus Y

scholarly journals Salicylic Acid Suppresses Potato virus Y Isolate N:O-Induced Symptoms in Tobacco Plants

2006 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianzhou Nie
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Potato Virus ◽  
Systemic Acquired Resistance ◽  
Potato Virus Y ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Acquired Resistance ◽  
Partial Recovery ◽  
Pr Genes ◽  
Tobacco Plants ◽  
Systemic Development

The effects of salicylic acid (SA) and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) on the systemic development of symptoms induced by a severe isolate of Potato virus Y group N:O (PVYN:O) in tobacco were investigated. Upon inoculation, the systemic development of symptoms in tobacco plants could be divided into three stages: virus incubation stage, rapid symptom-progress stage, and partial recovery and symptom-shifting stage. Treatment of seedlings with SA delayed the virus-induced necrosis in stems by 1 to 2 days. SA, not ACC, also significantly suppressed the symptom severity in stems. However, neither SA nor ACC treatment affected the partial recovery phenotype exhibited in the latterly emerged upper parts of the plants. Further analysis indicated that the accumulation of PVY was retarded by SA at the early stage of infection, and the effects were more profound in stems than leaves. Peroxidase (POX) activity and pathogenesis-related (PR) genes PR-1a and PR-1b were enhanced by PVY infection. SA not only increased POX activity in stems and PR genes in stems and leaves of mock-inoculated plants, but also elevated the activity of POX in both leaves and stems and the expression of PR-1a in leaves of PVY-infected plants. Together, the results suggest that systemic acquired resistance plays a key role in suppressing PVYN:O-induced symptom development through SA-mediated and ethylene-independent pathways. The symptom suppression was correlated with reduced replication/ accumulation of virus at the early stage of infection. The results also suggest that neither SA nor ethylene plays a role in the recovery phenotype.

scholarly journals Salicylic acid is an indispensable component of the Ny-1 resistance-gene-mediated response against Potato virus Y infection in potato

2014 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 1095-1109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Š. Baebler ◽  
K. Witek ◽  
M. Petek ◽  
K. Stare ◽  
M. Tušek-Žnidarič ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Potato Virus ◽  
Potato Virus Y

scholarly journals Potato Virus Y Emergence and Evolution from the Andes of South America to Become a Major Destructive Pathogen of Potato and Other Solanaceous Crops Worldwide

Viruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1430
Author(s):  
Lesley Torrance ◽  
Michael E. Talianksy
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Potato Virus ◽  
Potato Virus Y ◽  
Viral Pathogen ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Recent Emergence ◽  
Aphid Vectors ◽  
Important Means ◽  
Sequencing Platforms ◽  
Generation Sequencing

The potato was introduced to Europe from the Andes of South America in the 16th century, and today it is grown worldwide; it is a nutritious staple food eaten by millions and underpins food security in many countries. Unknowingly, potato virus Y (PVY) was also introduced through trade in infected potato tubers, and it has become the most important viral pathogen of potato. Phylogenetic analysis has revealed the spread and emergence of strains of PVY, including strains causing economically important diseases in tobacco, tomato and pepper, and that the virus continues to evolve with the relatively recent emergence of new damaging recombinant strains. High-throughput, next-generation sequencing platforms provide powerful tools for detection, identification and surveillance of new PVY strains. Aphid vectors of PVY are expected to increase in incidence and abundance in a warmer climate, which will increase the risk of virus spread. Wider deployment of crop cultivars carrying virus resistance will be an important means of defence against infection. New cutting-edge biotechnological tools such as CRISPR and SIGS offer a means for rapid engineering of resistance in established cultivars. We conclude that in future, human activities and ingenuity should be brought to bear to control PVY and the emergence of new strains in key crops by increased focus on host resistance and factors driving virus evolution and spread.

scholarly journals Potato Virus Y Infection Alters Small RNA Metabolism and Immune Response in Tomato

Viruses ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria I. Prigigallo ◽  
Maja Križnik ◽  
Domenico De Paola ◽  
Domenico Catalano ◽  
Kristina Gruden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Potato Virus ◽  
Potato Virus Y ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Host Responses ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Dynamic Regulation ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Foliar Symptoms ◽  
Infected Tomato

Potato virus Y (PVY) isolate PVYC-to induces growth reduction and foliar symptoms in tomato, but new vegetation displays symptom recovery at a later stage. In order to investigate the role of micro(mi)RNA and secondary small(s)RNA-regulated mechanisms in tomato defenses against PVY, we performed sRNA sequencing from healthy and PVYC-to infected tomato plants at 21 and 30 days post-inoculation (dpi). A total of 792 miRNA sequences were obtained, among which were 123 canonical miRNA sequences, many isomiR variants, and 30 novel miRNAs. MiRNAs were mostly overexpressed in infected vs. healthy plants, whereas only a few miRNAs were underexpressed. Increased accumulation of isomiRs was correlated with viral infection. Among miRNA targets, enriched functional categories included resistance (R) gene families, transcription and hormone factors, and RNA silencing genes. Several 22-nt miRNAs were shown to target R genes and trigger the production of 21-nt phased sRNAs (phasiRNAs). Next, 500 phasiRNA-generating loci were identified, and were shown to be mostly active in PVY-infected tissues and at 21 dpi. These data demonstrate that sRNA-regulated host responses, encompassing miRNA alteration, diversification within miRNA families, and phasiRNA accumulation, regulate R and disease-responsive genes. The dynamic regulation of miRNAs and secondary sRNAs over time suggests a functional role of sRNA-mediated defenses in the recovery phenotype.

scholarly journals Dynamics of Responses in Compatible Potato - Potato virus Y Interaction Are Modulated by Salicylic Acid

PLoS ONE ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. e29009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Špela Baebler ◽  
Katja Stare ◽  
Maja Kovač ◽  
Andrej Blejec ◽  
Nina Prezelj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Potato Virus ◽  
Potato Virus Y
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