scholarly journals An Optimized Approach for Annotation of Large Eukaryotic Genomic Sequences using Genetic Algorithm

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Biswanath Chowdhury ◽  
Arnav Garai ◽  
Gautam Garai
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Gene Prediction ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Chromosome 21 ◽  
Correct Identification ◽  
Coding Regions ◽  
Comparable Performance ◽  
Benchmark Datasets ◽  
New Gene ◽  
Active Research

ABSTRACTDetection of important functional and/or structural elements and identifying their positions in a large eukaryotic genome is an active research area. Gene is an important functional and structural unit of DNA. The computation of gene prediction is essential for detailed genome annotation. In this paper, we propose a new gene prediction technique based on Genetic Algorithm (GA) for determining the optimal positions of exons of a gene in a chromosome or genome. The correct identification of the coding and non-coding regions are difficult and computationally demanding. The proposed genetic-based method, named Gene Prediction with Genetic Algorithm (GPGA), reduces this problem by searching only one exon at a time instead of all exons along with its introns. The advantage of this representation is that it can break the entire gene-finding problem into a number of smaller subspaces and thereby reducing the computational complexity. We tested the performance of the GPGA with some benchmark datasets and compared the results with the well-known and relevant techniques. The comparison shows the better or comparable performance of the proposed method (GPGA). We also used GPGA for annotating the human chromosome 21 (HS21) using cross species comparison with the mouse orthologs.

Document Image Quality Assessment with Relaying Reference to Determine Minimum Readable Resolution for Compression

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (9) ◽  
pp. 323-1-323-8
Author(s):  
Litao Hu ◽  
Zhenhua Hu ◽  
Peter Bauer ◽  
Todd J. Harris ◽  
Jan P. Allebach
Keyword(s):  
Image Quality ◽  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Image Quality Assessment ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Input Image ◽  
Quality Score ◽  
Document Image ◽  
Digital Cameras ◽  
Active Research ◽  
Traditional Approaches

Image quality assessment has been a very active research area in the field of image processing, and there have been numerous methods proposed. However, most of the existing methods focus on digital images that only or mainly contain pictures or photos taken by digital cameras. Traditional approaches evaluate an input image as a whole and try to estimate a quality score for the image, in order to give viewers an idea of how “good” the image looks. In this paper, we mainly focus on the quality evaluation of contents of symbols like texts, bar-codes, QR-codes, lines, and hand-writings in target images. Estimating a quality score for this kind of information can be based on whether or not it is readable by a human, or recognizable by a decoder. Moreover, we mainly study the viewing quality of the scanned document of a printed image. For this purpose, we propose a novel image quality assessment algorithm that is able to determine the readability of a scanned document or regions in a scanned document. Experimental results on some testing images demonstrate the effectiveness of our method.

scholarly journals SMPLIP-Score: predicting ligand binding affinity from simple and interpretable on-the-fly interaction fingerprint pattern descriptors

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Surendra Kumar ◽  
Mi-hyun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Ligand Binding ◽  
Binding Affinity ◽  
Scoring Functions ◽  
Binding Affinities ◽  
Ligand Interaction ◽  
Fingerprint Pattern ◽  
Comparable Performance ◽  
Direct Interpretation ◽  
Benchmark Datasets ◽  
Complex Features

AbstractIn drug discovery, rapid and accurate prediction of protein–ligand binding affinities is a pivotal task for lead optimization with acceptable on-target potency as well as pharmacological efficacy. Furthermore, researchers hope for a high correlation between docking score and pose with key interactive residues, although scoring functions as free energy surrogates of protein–ligand complexes have failed to provide collinearity. Recently, various machine learning or deep learning methods have been proposed to overcome the drawbacks of scoring functions. Despite being highly accurate, their featurization process is complex and the meaning of the embedded features cannot directly be interpreted by human recognition without an additional feature analysis. Here, we propose SMPLIP-Score (Substructural Molecular and Protein–Ligand Interaction Pattern Score), a direct interpretable predictor of absolute binding affinity. Our simple featurization embeds the interaction fingerprint pattern on the ligand-binding site environment and molecular fragments of ligands into an input vectorized matrix for learning layers (random forest or deep neural network). Despite their less complex features than other state-of-the-art models, SMPLIP-Score achieved comparable performance, a Pearson’s correlation coefficient up to 0.80, and a root mean square error up to 1.18 in pK units with several benchmark datasets (PDBbind v.2015, Astex Diverse Set, CSAR NRC HiQ, FEP, PDBbind NMR, and CASF-2016). For this model, generality, predictive power, ranking power, and robustness were examined using direct interpretation of feature matrices for specific targets.

A Person-Centered Design Framework for Serious Games for Dementia

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-22
Author(s):  
Bella Yigong Zhang ◽  
Mark Chignell
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Serious Games ◽  
Aging Population ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Design Framework ◽  
Strategic Design ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
Initial Design ◽  
Active Research ◽  
Active Research Area

With the rapidly aging population and the rising number of people living with dementia (PLWD), there is an urgent need for programming and activities that can promote the health and wellbeing of PLWD. Due to staffing and budgetary constraints, there is considerable interest in using technology to support this effort. Serious games for dementia have become a very active research area. However, much of the work is being done without a strong theoretical basis. We incorporate a Montessori approach with highly tactile interactions. We have developed a person-centered design framework for serious games for dementia with initial design recommendations. This framework has the potential to facilitate future strategic design and development in the field of serious games for dementia.

scholarly journals An Overview on the Rheology, Mechanical Properties, Durability, 3D Printing, and Microstructural Performance of Nanomaterials in Cementitious Composites

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 2950
Author(s):  
Hongwei Song ◽  
Xinle Li
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Cementitious Composites ◽  
Split Tensile Strength ◽  
Contour Crafting ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Active Research

The most active research area is nanotechnology in cementitious composites, which has a wide range of applications and has achieved popularity over the last three decades. Nanoparticles (NPs) have emerged as possible materials to be used in the field of civil engineering. Previous research has concentrated on evaluating the effect of different NPs in cementitious materials to alter material characteristics. In order to provide a broad understanding of how nanomaterials (NMs) can be used, this paper critically evaluates previous research on the influence of rheology, mechanical properties, durability, 3D printing, and microstructural performance on cementitious materials. The flow properties of fresh cementitious composites can be measured using rheology and slump. Mechanical properties such as compressive, flexural, and split tensile strength reveal hardened properties. The necessary tests for determining a NM’s durability in concrete are shrinkage, pore structure and porosity, and permeability. The advent of modern 3D printing technologies is suitable for structural printing, such as contour crafting and binder jetting. Three-dimensional (3D) printing has opened up new avenues for the building and construction industry to become more digital. Regardless of the material science, a range of problems must be tackled, including developing smart cementitious composites suitable for 3D structural printing. According to the scanning electron microscopy results, the addition of NMs to cementitious materials results in a denser and improved microstructure with more hydration products. This paper provides valuable information and details about the rheology, mechanical properties, durability, 3D printing, and microstructural performance of cementitious materials with NMs and encourages further research.

scholarly journals Extractive Summarization Based on Dynamic Memory Network

Symmetry ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 600
Author(s):  
Ping Li ◽  
Jiong Yu
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Memory ◽  
Extractive Summarization ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Network Method ◽  
Comparable Performance ◽  
Benchmark Datasets ◽  
Memory Network ◽  
Text Features

We present an extractive summarization model based on the Bert and dynamic memory network. The model based on Bert uses the transformer to extract text features and uses the pre-trained model to construct the sentence embeddings. The model based on Bert labels the sentences automatically without using any hand-crafted features and the datasets are symmetry labeled. We also present a dynamic memory network method for extractive summarization. Experiments are conducted on several summarization benchmark datasets. Our model shows comparable performance compared with other extractive summarization methods.

Efficient Scalable Video Coding Method Using Discrete Bandelet Transform

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (14) ◽  
pp. 2055023
Author(s):  
Yogananda Patnaik ◽  
Dipti Patra
Keyword(s):  
Video Coding ◽  
Scalable Video Coding ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Set Partitioning ◽  
Scalable Video ◽  
Vector Decomposition ◽  
Coding Method ◽  
Benchmark Datasets ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Ordered Data

Video coding is an imperative part of the modern day communication system. Furthermore, it has vital roles in the fields of video streaming, multimedia, video conferencing and much more. Scalable Video Coding (SVC) is an emerging research area, due to its extensive application in most of the multimedia devices as well as public demand. The proposed coding technique is capable of eliminating the Spatio-temporal regularity of a video sequence. In Discrete Bandelet Transform (DBT), the directions are modeled by a three-directional vector field, known as structural flow. Regularity is decided by this flow where the data entropy is low. The wavelet vector decomposition of geometrically ordered data results in a lesser extent of significant coefficients. The directions of geometrical regularity are interpreted with a two-dimensional vector, and the approximation of these directions is found with spline functions. This paper deals with a novel SVC technique by exploiting the DBT. The bandelet coefficients are further encoded by utilizing Set Partitioning in Hierarchical Trees (SPIHT) encoder, followed by global thresholding mechanism. The proposed method is verified with several benchmark datasets using the performance measures which gives enhanced performance. Thus, the experimental results bring out the superiority of the proposed technique over the state-of-arts.

Advances in Water Treatment Application of Sepiolite Mineral Materials

2013 ◽  
Vol 710 ◽  
pp. 217-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Wang ◽  
Lei Feng ◽  
Meng Ran Tang ◽  
Ji Yuan Li ◽  
Qing Guo Tang
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Size Effect ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Surface Effect ◽  
Development Trend ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Group Mineral ◽  
Active Research ◽  
Treatment Application

Synthetic nanomaterials have the disadvantages of large-scale investment, high energy consumption, complex production process and heavy environmental load. Mineral nanomaterials such as sepiolite group mineral nanomaterials are characterized by small size effect, quantum size effect and surface effect. Water treatment application of sepiolite group mineral nanomaterials has become an active research area and showed good development and application prospects. Based on the above reasons, this paper systematically summarizes the water treatment application of sepiolite group mineral nanomaterials, and development trend related to water treatment application of sepiolite group mineral nanomaterials were also proposed.

scholarly journals Current Trends for State-of-Charge (SoC) Estimation in Lithium-Ion Battery Electric Vehicles

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 3284
Author(s):  
Ingvild B. Espedal ◽  
Asanthi Jinasena ◽  
Odne S. Burheim ◽  
Jacob J. Lamb
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Research Area ◽  
State Of Charge ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
Battery Management ◽  
Soc Estimation ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Battery Management Systems ◽  
Active Research

Energy storage systems (ESSs) are critically important for the future of electric vehicles. Despite this, the safety and management of ESSs require improvement. Battery management systems (BMSs) are vital components in ESS systems for Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). One parameter that is included in the BMS is the state-of-charge (SoC) of the battery. SoC has become an active research area in recent years for battery electric vehicle (BEV) LIBs, yet there are some challenges: the LIB configuration is nonlinear, making it hard to model correctly; it is difficult to assess internal environments of a LIB (and this can be different in laboratory conditions compared to real-world conditions); and these discrepancies can lead to raising the instability of the LIB. Therefore, further advancement is required in order to have higher accuracy in SoC estimation in BEV LIBs. SoC estimation is a key BMS feature, and precise modeling and state estimation will improve stable operation. This review discusses current methods use in BEV LIB SoC modelling and estimation. The review culminates in a brief discussion of challenges in BEV LIB SoC prediction analysis.

A Guide on Using Xilinx System Generator to Design and Implement Real-Time Audio Effects on FPGA

2021 ◽  
pp. 38-44
Author(s):  
L. Merah ◽  
◽  
P. Lorenz ◽  
A. Ali-Pacha ◽  
N. Hadj-Said ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Power Efficiency ◽  
Audio Signal ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Audio Processing ◽  
The Real ◽  
System Generator ◽  
Xilinx System Generator ◽  
Active Research ◽  
Implementation Steps

The enormous progress in communication technology has led to a tremendous need to provide an ideal environment for the transmission, storing, and processing of digital multimedia content, where the audio signal takes the lion's share of it. Audio processing covers many diverse fields, its main aim is presenting sound to human listeners. Recently, digital audio processing became an active research area, it covers everything from theory to practice in relation to transmission, compression, filtering, and adding special effects to an audio signal. The aim of this work is to present the real-time implementation steps of some audio effects namely, the echo and Flanger effects on Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). Today, FPGAs are the best choice in data processing because they provide more flexibility, performance, and huge processing capabilities with great power efficiency. Designs are achieved using the XSG tool (Xilinx System Generator), which makes complex designs easier without prior knowledge of hardware description languages. The paper is presented as a guide with deep technical details about designing and real-time implementation steps. We decided to transfer some experience to designers who want to rapidly prototype their ideas using tools such as XSG. All the designs have been simulated and verified under Simulink/Matlab environment, then exported to Xilinx ISE (Integrated Synthesis Environment) tool for the rest of the implementation steps. The paper also gives an idea of interfacing the FPGA with the LM4550 AC’97 codec using VHDL coding. The ATLYS development board based on Xilinx Spartan-6 LX45 FPGA is used for the real-time implementation.

scholarly journals Digitization and Visualization of Folk Dances in Cultural Heritage: A Review

Inventions ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iris Kico ◽  
Nikos Grammalidis ◽  
Yiannis Christidis ◽  
Fotis Liarokapis
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Computer Science ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Active Research ◽  
Active Research Area

According to UNESCO, cultural heritage does not only include monuments and collections of objects, but also contains traditions or living expressions inherited from our ancestors and passed to our descendants. Folk dances represent part of cultural heritage and their preservation for the next generations appears of major importance. Digitization and visualization of folk dances form an increasingly active research area in computer science. In parallel to the rapidly advancing technologies, new ways for learning folk dances are explored, making the digitization and visualization of assorted folk dances for learning purposes using different equipment possible. Along with challenges and limitations, solutions that can assist the learning process and provide the user with meaningful feedback are proposed. In this paper, an overview of the techniques used for the recording of dance moves is presented. The different ways of visualization and giving the feedback to the user are reviewed as well as ways of performance evaluation. This paper reviews advances in digitization and visualization of folk dances from 2000 to 2018.

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