scholarly journals Influencing Holistic Health Policy

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 1544-1552
Author(s):  
Erica Bell
Keyword(s):  
Health Policy ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Policy Decision ◽  
Holistic Health ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Relevant Research ◽  
Funding Agencies ◽  
Definition Of

Beliefs that health policy-making is an inherently ‘ideological’ or ‘irrational’ process appear to have worked to prevent researchers from developing better understandings of the kind of evidence that does work to influence policy. Without a model of policy-making that positions policy decision-makers as capable of being informed by specific forms of evidence that speak to policy contexts, it is difficult for research to begin to shape health policy. Recent years have seen the development of a research industry that focuses on developing and describing research approaches for shaping health and social services policy. This analysis paper offers a highly selective overview of generic features of policy-relevant research for holistic health. It aims to support efforts to develop better evidence for health policy by exploring elements of the genre of policy-relevant research, particularly as it applies to the challenges of holistic health policy-making. First, it offers a conceptual definition of holistic health policy-making, as well as research evidence for this kind of policy making, identifying some of the generic features of policy-relevant research. Second, it outlines some of the key practices for delivering sound evidence for health policy, in ways that highlight the salient differences between doing research for holistic health policy, and doing academic research in health. The paper concludes with directions for developing better evidence for holistic health policy-making that question the assumptions of quality which often inform elite funding agencies, calling for their diversification.

Environmental Law and Economics

2017 ◽  
pp. 508-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Livermore ◽  
Richard L. Revesz
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Policy ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Law And Economics ◽  
Environmental Law ◽  
Policy Decision ◽  
The United States ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Instrument Choice ◽  
Regulatory Instruments ◽  
Recent Developments

This chapter begins with a brief general overview of the economics of environmental law. It then focuses on recent developments in the field of environmental law and economics, with an emphasis on the experience of the United States. When setting environmental policy, decision makers must address two general types of questions. The first concerns the ends of environmental policy, and examines the socially desirable level of environmental quality. The second type of question concerns the means of policy making and focuses on the types of regulatory instruments that will be used and the allocation of responsibility between governmental actors. Section 2 addresses the first type of question concerning the goals of environmental policy. Sections 3 and 4 address the means of environmental policy, focusing on instrument choice and jurisdictional allocation, respectively.

Trends and Perspectives of PRC's Energy Policy Making Institutions and Policies

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-124
Author(s):  
Chulwon Lee
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Energy Policy ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Policy Decision ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Policy Debate ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Policy Decision Making ◽  
Future Direction ◽  
The Impact

The future direction of China's approach to energy policy making is, of course, difficult to predict. This is due not only to the opaque and fragmented nature of Chinese energy policy decision-making, but also to the fact that energy policy is a new topic for China's leaders and the individuals they rely on for advice to master that impinges on the interests of actors throughout the Chinese bureaucracy. The wide range of participants in the energy policy debate indicates that more diversified views on it probably reach the top leadership. The impact of the multiplicity of opinions is two-fold. It can result in more informed decision-making, but it can also delay the process as decision makers must assess a larger number of competing and sometimes contradictory views.

Informing Health Policy Decision Makers

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda L. Lazure ◽  
Mary E. Cramer ◽  
Katherine A. Hoebelheinrich
Keyword(s):  
Health Policy ◽  
Policy Decision ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Health Policy Decision

scholarly journals Adopting an ethical approach to migration health policy, practice and research

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. e006425
Author(s):  
Kristine Husøy Onarheim ◽  
Kolitha Wickramage ◽  
David Ingleby ◽  
Supriya Subramani ◽  
Ingrid Miljeteig
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Ethical Challenges ◽  
Ethical Frameworks ◽  
Ethical Approach ◽  
Trade Offs

Migration health is affected by decision making at levels ranging from global to local, both within and beyond the health sector. These decisions impact seeking, entitlements, service delivery, policy making and knowledge production on migration health. It is key that ethical challenges faced by decision makers are recognised and addressed in research and data, clinical practice and policy making on migration health. An ethical approach can provide methods to identify ethical issues, frameworks for systematising information and suggesting ethically acceptable solutions, and guidance on procedural concerns and legitimate decision making processes. By unpacking dilemmas, conflicts of interests and values at stake, an ethical approach is relevant for all who make decisions about migration health policy and practice. Adopting an ethical approach to migration health benefits governments, organisations, policy makers, health workers, data managers, researchers and migrants themselves. First, it highlights the inherent normative questions and trade-offs at stake in migration health. Second, it assists decision makers in deciding what is the ethically justifiable thing to do through an ‘all things considered’ approach. Third, ethical frameworks and technical guidance set normative and practical standards for decision makers facing ethical questions – from ‘bedside rationing’ to collection of big data or in policy making – that can ensure that migrants’ interests are considered. Fourth, there is a need for greater transparency and accountability in decision making, as well as meaningful participation of migrant groups. An ethical approach connects to public health, economic and human rights arguments and highlights the urgent need to mainstream concerns for migrants in global and national health responses.

scholarly journals Policy-Making Indabas to Prevent “Not Listening”: An Added Recommendation from the Life Esidimeni Tragedy

2020 ◽  
pp. 257-262
Author(s):  
Samuel Ujewe ◽  
Werdie Van Staden
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Mental Healthcare ◽  
Policy Decision ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
The Future ◽  
What Matters

AbstractThis chapter reflects on the Life-Esidimeni tragedy in which more than 140 mental healthcare users died as a consequence of a policy decision. The main finding of an official investigation into these events was a “failure to listen or take advice”, but how this failure may be averted in the future did not feature among the recommendations of the Ombud’s report, this being mostly about further legal, regulatory and rights-based actions. To avert similar tragedies in the future, this chapter adds another recommendation. This is a practical decision-making process by which to listen properly in policy-making. Specifically, a policy-making indaba in an African version of values-based practice generates a space in which all stakeholders implied in the formulation and execution of a health policy may listen properly to each other about what matters to them in that context over and above the values captured in regulations and rights. The resulting policy may thus creatively account for the differences between values of the stakeholders without dismissing or changing anyone’s values.

scholarly journals Seeking the Ideal of Universalism within Norway’s Social Reality

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-144
Author(s):  
Lydia Mehrara
Keyword(s):  
Health Policy ◽  
Maternal Health ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Maternal Health Services ◽  
Scholarly Contribution ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Gray Areas ◽  
Welfare Model

How much inequality in policy instruments can a universalist welfare state tolerate in its pursuit of equity? This article reviews the nuances of universalism as a concept through examination of its meaning and application in Norwegian health policy, with a contextual focus on migrant maternal health in Norway. The Nordic welfare model is generous and dedicated to achieving equality through the universal provision of social services; however, there are increasing gray areas that challenge the system, invoking the conundrum of equality versus equity. Universalism is a central principle in Norwegian health policy, however changes in the socio-political environment have meant the concept as originally conceived requires a more nuanced articulation. Population changes in particular, such as a growing and diverse migrant settlement, present challenges for how to achieve the equality desired by universalist measures, while maintaining the equity demanded by diversity. This article uses an example of a Norwegian program that delivers maternal health services to migrant women to question the concept of universalism as a theoretical and practical construct, as historically and currently applied in Norwegian health policy. This example illustrates how healthcare as an organization functions in the country, and the role of its key players in adapting policy instruments to meet the Norwegian welfare state’s universal policy aims. The scholarly contribution of this article lies in promoting a critical reflection on the evolving definition of universalism, and in contributing to a discussion on the need to retheorize the concept in Norwegian health policy to attain equity.

INTERACTION OF HEALTH CARE PROVIDERS: PHYSICIANS’ SURVEY OUTCOMES

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-4
Author(s):  
S.V. Sazhina ◽  
◽  
V.I. Shevsky ◽  
I.M. Sheiman ◽  
S.V. Shishkin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Policy Decision ◽  
Health Providers ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Health Managers

Significance. Strengthening providers integration to improve health indicators is an important direction of healthcare development. Purpose. To evaluate the degree of providers interaction and continuity of health care. Material and methods. Forms of interaction between health services, medical organizations and social services have been determined, its prevalence is considered as a characteristic of the level of interaction. The sociological survey of physicians was conducted in October 2020 to identify their opinion about the interaction forms. The responses were compared with the results of a similar survey in 2012. Results. Comparison of the 2012 survey and 2020 survey suggests some improvements in interaction between district physicians and outpatient specialists, however its level is hardly adequate. Interaction between district physicians and emergency care providers in polyclinics has improved. Interaction between polyclinic and hospital physicians before and after hospital admission is very limited and has deteriorated over the period under study. The level of outpatient physicians’ awareness of emergency calls and hospital admissions of their patients is low. Interaction between polyclinics and hospitals on the one hand, and rehabilitation units and social care providers on the other hand, is also low. Information on the location and volumes of care provided to patients is still inaccessible for most physicians. This limits continuity of care. Conclusion. The study shows that the Russian healthcare system remains fragmental. This is the result of low priority of integrative activities, as well as low involvement of health managers in these activities. Scope of application. The need for specifying activities aimed at improving health providers integration as a special subject of health policy has been substantiated. The results can be used by health policy decision-makers, health managers and health professionals.

scholarly journals Evaluating the impact of interdisciplinary research: A multilayer network approach

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
ELISA OMODEI ◽  
MANLIO DE DOMENICO ◽  
ALEX ARENAS
Keyword(s):  
Policy Decision ◽  
Research Impact ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Academic Disciplines ◽  
Scientific Policy ◽  
Multilayer Network ◽  
Interdisciplinary Work ◽  
Funding Agencies ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact

AbstractNowadays, scientific challenges usually require approaches that cross traditional boundaries between academic disciplines, driving many researchers towards interdisciplinarity. Despite its obvious importance, there is a lack of studies on how to quantify the influence of interdisciplinarity on the research impact, posing uncertainty in a proper evaluation for hiring and funding purposes. Here, we propose a method based on the analysis of bipartite interconnected multilayer networks of citations and disciplines, to assess scholars, institutions, and countries interdisciplinary importance. Using data about physics publications and US patents, we show that our method allows to reward, using a quantitative approach, scholars and institutions that have carried out interdisciplinary work and have had an impact in different scientific areas. The proposed method could be used by funding agencies, universities and scientific policy decision makers for hiring and funding purposes, and to complement existing methods to rank universities and countries.

scholarly journals Conservation, evidence and policy

Oryx ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
William. M. Adams ◽  
Chris Sandbrook
Keyword(s):  
Policy Making ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Policy Debate ◽  
Medical Outcomes ◽  
Policy Making Process ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Source Of Information

AbstractA growing literature argues for evidence-based conservation. This concept reflects a wider approach to policy-making and follows thinking in medicine, in which rigorous, objective analysis of evidence has contributed to widespread improvements in medical outcomes. Clearly, conservation decisions should be informed by the best information available. However, we identify issues relating to the type and sources of evidence commonly used and the way evidence-based conservation studies frame policy debate. In this paper we discuss two issues; firstly, we ask ‘what counts as evidence?’ (what is meant by evidence, and what kind of evidence is given credibility). We conclude that evidence-based conservation should adopt a broad definition of evidence to give meaningful space for qualitative data, and local and indigenous knowledge. Secondly, we ask ‘how does evidence count?’ (the relationship between evidence and the policy-making process). We conclude that there should be greater recognition that policy-making is a complex and messy process, and that the role of evidence in policy making can never be neutral. In the light of these issues we suggest some changes to build on developing practice under the title evidence-informed conservation. The change in terminology is subtle, yet it has profound implications in that it calls for a re-positioning and re-understanding of conservation science as one source of information among many for decision-makers.

What prevents health policy being ‘evidence-based’? New ways to think about evidence, policy and interventions in health

2020 ◽  
Vol 135 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kari Lancaster ◽  
Tim Rhodes
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Policy Decision ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Science Literature ◽  
Policy Studies ◽  
Evidence Based Policy ◽  
Policy Decision Making ◽  
Dominant Paradigm

Abstract Background Evidence-based policy decision-making is a dominant paradigm in health but realizing this ideal has proven challenging. Sources of data This paper conceptually maps health policy, policy studies and social science literature critically engaged with evidence and decision-making. No new data were generated or analysed in support of this review. Areas of agreement Barriers to evidence-based policy have been documented, with efforts made to increase the uptake of evidence. Areas of controversy Evident complexities have been regarded as a problem of translation. However, this assumes that policy-making is a process of authoritative choice, and that ‘evidence’ is inherently valuable policy knowledge, which has been critiqued. Growing points Alternative accounts urge consideration of how evidence comes to bear on decisions made within complex systems, and what counts as evidence. Areas timely for developing research An ‘evidence-making intervention’ approach offers a framework for conceptualizing how evidence and interventions are made relationally in practices, thus working with the politics and contingencies of implementation and policy-making.

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