scholarly journals Novel Therapeutic Approaches to the Treatment of Chronic Abdominal Visceral Pain

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 472-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franca Patrizi ◽  
Steven D. Freedman ◽  
Alvaro Pascual-Leone ◽  
Felipe Fregni
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Visceral Pain ◽  
Pain Treatment ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Therapeutic Options ◽  
Central Nervous System Stimulation ◽  
Chronic Pain Treatment ◽  
Novel Therapeutic

Chronic abdominal visceral pain (CAVP) has a significant clinical impact and represents one of the most frequent and debilitating disorders in the general population. It also leads to a significant economic burden due to workdays lost, reduced productivity, and long-term use of medications with their associated side effects. Despite the availability of several therapeutic options, the management of patients with CAVP is often inadequate, resulting in frustration for both patients and physicians. This may in part be explained by the lack of understanding of the mechanisms underlying chronic pain; in contrast with acute pain in which the pathophysiology is relatively well known and has several satisfactory therapeutic options. Recently, the development of tools for brain investigation, such as functional magnetic resonance imaging, has provided new insights on the pathophysiology of chronic pain. These new data have shown that plastic changes in the central and peripheral nervous system might play an important role in the maintenance of chronic pain. Therefore, approaches aimed at the modulation of the nervous system, rather than the ones interfering with the inflammatory pathways, may be more effective for chronic pain treatment. We propose that noninvasive central nervous system stimulation, with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), might be a novel therapeutic option for CAVP. This paper will present an overview of the pathophysiology and the available therapies for CAVP, focusing on the recent advances in the treatment of this pathology.

Specialized multimodal outpatient treatment for children with chronic pain: Treatment pathways and long-term outcome

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 976-984 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanja Hechlerl ◽  
Annick Martinl ◽  
Markus Blankenburgl ◽  
Sandra Schroederl ◽  
Joachim Kosfelderl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Outpatient Treatment ◽  
Pain Treatment ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Treatment Pathways ◽  
Chronic Pain Treatment

scholarly journals Association Between Facility-Level Utilization of Non-pharmacologic Chronic Pain Treatment and Subsequent Initiation of Long-Term Opioid Therapy

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. 38-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evan P. Carey ◽  
Charlotte Nolan ◽  
Robert D. Kerns ◽  
P. Michael Ho ◽  
Joseph W. Frank
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Pain Treatment ◽  
Opioid Therapy ◽  
Chronic Pain Treatment ◽  
Facility Level

scholarly journals Intranasal Administration for Pain: Oxytocin and Other Polypeptides

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1088
Author(s):  
Vimala N. Bharadwaj ◽  
Alexander Z. Tzabazis ◽  
Michael Klukinov ◽  
Neil A. Manering ◽  
David C. Yeomans
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Pain Treatment ◽  
Peripheral Circulation ◽  
Nervous Systems ◽  
Analgesic Effects ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Central Nervous Systems ◽  
Chronic Pain Treatment ◽  
Plastic Changes

Pain, particularly chronic pain, remains one of the most debilitating and difficult-to-treat conditions in medicine. Chronic pain is difficult to treat, in part because it is associated with plastic changes in the peripheral and central nervous systems. Polypeptides are linear organic polymers that are highly selective molecules for neurotransmitter and other nervous system receptors sites, including those associated with pain and analgesia, and so have tremendous potential in pain therapeutics. However, delivery of polypeptides to the nervous system is largely limited due to rapid degradation within the peripheral circulation as well as the blood–brain barrier. One strategy that has been shown to be successful in nervous system deposition of polypeptides is intranasal (IN) delivery. In this narrative review, we discuss the delivery of polypeptides to the peripheral and central nervous systems following IN administration. We briefly discuss the mechanism of delivery via the nasal–cerebral pathway. We review recent studies that demonstrate that polypeptides such as oxytocin, delivered IN, not only reach key pain-modulating regions in the nervous system but, in doing so, evoke significant analgesic effects. IN administration of polypeptides has tremendous potential to provide a non-invasive, rapid and effective method of delivery to the nervous system for chronic pain treatment and management.

Yoga as an Effective Mind--Body Therapy in Chronic-Pain Treatment

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malinda Breda ◽  
Richard Gevirtz ◽  
Melanie A. Greenberg ◽  
James L. Spira
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Pain Treatment ◽  
Body Therapy ◽  
Chronic Pain Treatment

scholarly journals Telemedicine for chronic pain treatment during the COVID‐19 pandemic: Do pain intensity and anxiousness correlate with patient acceptance?

Pain Practice ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Alexander Harnik ◽  
Larissa Blättler ◽  
Andreas Limacher ◽  
Florian Reisig ◽  
Martin Grosse Holtforth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Pain Treatment ◽  
Patient Acceptance ◽  
Chronic Pain Treatment

Central and Peripheral Nervous System

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther Benedetti ◽  
James Burnett ◽  
Meredith Degnan ◽  
Danielle Horne ◽  
Andres Missair ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Neuropathic Pain ◽  
Cancer Pain ◽  
Pain Perception ◽  
Visceral Pain ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Electrical Transmission ◽  
Somatic Pain ◽  
Spine Pain

The neuronal, chemical, and electrical transmission of pain is a complex and intricate subject that continues to be studied and expounded. This review discusses the relevant physiology and influential factors contributing to the experience and subjective variation in a variety of acute and chronic pain presentations. This review contains 4 figures, 4 tables, and 30 references Keywords: acute pain, chronic pain, somatic pain, neuropathic pain, visceral pain, nociception, pain perception, gender-related pain, cancer pain, spine pain

scholarly journals Therapeutic use of botulinum toxin in pain treatment

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raj Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Botulinum Toxin ◽  
Acetylcholine Release ◽  
Pain Treatment ◽  
Muscle Relaxation ◽  
Cholinergic Synapse ◽  
Systems Research ◽  
Release Of Acetylcholine ◽  
Myofascial Syndrome

Botulinum toxin is one of the most potent molecule known to mankind. A neurotoxin, with high affinity for cholinergic synapse, is effectively capable of inhibiting the release of acetylcholine. On the other hand, botulinum toxin is therapeutically used for several musculoskeletal disorders. Although most of the therapeutic effect of botulinum toxin is due to temporary skeletal muscle relaxation (mainly due to inhibition of the acetylcholine release), other effects on the nervous system are also investigated. One of the therapeutically investigated areas of the botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) is the treatment of pain. At present, it is used for several chronic pain diseases, such as myofascial syndrome, headaches, arthritis, and neuropathic pain. Although the effect of botulinum toxin in pain is mainly due to its effect on cholinergic transmission in the somatic and autonomic nervous systems, research suggests that botulinum toxin can also provide benefits related to effects on cholinergic control of cholinergic nociceptive and antinociceptive systems. Furthermore, evidence suggests that botulinum toxin can also affect central nervous system (CNS). In summary, botulinum toxin holds great potential for pain treatments. It may be also useful for the pain treatments where other methods are ineffective with no side effect(s). Further studies will establish the exact analgesic mechanisms, efficacy, and complication of botulinum toxin in chronic pain disorders, and to some extent acute pain disorders.

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