scholarly journals Soluble Sugars and Sucrose-Metabolizing Enzymes Related to Cold Acclimation of Sweet Cherry Cultivars Grafted on Different Rootstocks

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ece Turhan ◽  
Sergul Ergin
Keyword(s):  
Cold Acclimation ◽  
Cold Hardiness ◽  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Acid Invertase ◽  
Total Soluble Sugar ◽  
Cold Hardy ◽  
Gisela 5

The bark tissues were collected from 4-year-old sweet cherry trees cvs. 0900 Ziraat and Lambert grafted on Gisela 5 and Mazzard rootstocks in cold-acclimated (CA) and nonacclimated (NA) stages. Bark tissues subjected to 4°C and −5°C injured to a limited extent in both stages. However, more than 50% injury occurred by temperatures equal to or colder than −15°C only in NA period. Total soluble sugar (TSS), reducing sugars, and sucrose contents were higher in CA than those in NA stages in all samples. The activities of acid invertase (EC 3.2.1.26) and sucrose synthase (SS) (EC 2.4.2.13) enzymes were higher in NA stage than those in CA stage. Considering the rootstocks, reducing sugars were higher in both cultivars grafted on Gisela 5 whereas sucrose contents were higher in both cultivars grafted on Mazzard. However, the enzyme activities of both cultivars were higher on Mazzard rootstock than on Gisela 5. In conclusion, cold hardiness of sweet cherry graft combinations was suggested by increasing their TSS, reducing sugars, and sucrose contents significantly in the CA stage. Moreover, acid invertase and SS are down regulated during cold acclimation. Indeed the results suggested that Mazzard is more cold-hardy rootstock than Gisela 5.

Cold hardiness of olive (Olea europaeaL.) cultivars in cold-acclimated and non-acclimated stages: seasonal alteration of soluble sugars and phospholipids

2009 ◽  
Vol 147 (4) ◽  
pp. 459-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. GULEN ◽  
A. CANSEV ◽  
A. ERIS
Keyword(s):  
Cold Acclimation ◽  
Cold Hardiness ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Total Soluble Sugar ◽  
Cold Tolerant ◽  
Olive Cultivars ◽  
Antioxidative Enzyme Activities ◽  
Leaf Tissues

SUMMARYIn many plant species, several physiological and biochemical changes occur during low-temperature-induced cold acclimation. A previous study with olive cultivars (Cansevet al.2009) demonstrated a correlation between the level of accumulation of certain leaf proteins besides antioxidative enzyme activities and cold hardiness of the cultivars. The present paper analysed soluble sugar (SS) and phospholipid (PL) contents of cold-acclimated (CA) and non-acclimated (NA) leaf tissues in order to explain the mechanism of cultivar-dependent response to cold in olive. In general, cold acclimation significantly increased total soluble sugar (TSS), reducing sugars and sucrose contents of all cultivars to various extents depending on the cold hardiness of cultivars. In addition, TSS, reducing sugars and sucrose contents in cold-tolerant cultivars were significantly increased, whereas TSS, reducing sugars and sucrose contents in cold-sensitive cultivars either did not change or increased slightly in CA stage compared with those in NA stage. Even though reducing sugars were the major soluble sugar in olive leaves, levels of sucrose accumulations in CA stage compared with those in NA stage were greater than those observed in reducing sugars accumulation. Changes in levels of total PL, as well as the three individual PL fractions phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidylinositol (PI), were investigated in olive leaf tissues. Significant increases in levels of PC and PE fractions during CA compared with those in NA stage suggested that PC and PE maintained the cold hardiness of olive cultivars more effectively than did PI. Although the precise mechanisms by which olive responds to cold may still be open to discussion, soluble sugars and PL are clearly important in the ability of olive cultivars to stand against cold stress.

scholarly journals Dehydrins and Soluble Sugars Involved in Cold Acclimation of Rosa wichurana and Rose Cultivar ‘Yesterday’

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 379
Author(s):  
Lin Ouyang ◽  
Leen Leus ◽  
Ellen De Keyser ◽  
Marie-Christine Van Labeke
Keyword(s):  
Cold Acclimation ◽  
Cold Hardiness ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Sugar Metabolism ◽  
Northern Regions ◽  
Cold Hardy

Rose is the most economically important ornamental plant. However, cold stress seriously affects the survival and regrowth of garden roses in northern regions. Cold acclimation was studied using two genotypes (Rosa wichurana and R. hybrida ‘Yesterday’) selected from a rose breeding program. During the winter season (November to April), the cold hardiness of stems, soluble sugar content, and expression of dehydrins and the related key genes in the soluble sugar metabolism were analyzed. ‘Yesterday’ is more cold-hardy and acclimated faster, reaching its maximum cold hardiness in December. R. wichurana is relatively less cold-hardy, only reaching its maximum cold hardiness in January after prolonged exposure to freezing temperatures. Dehydrin transcripts accumulated significantly during November–January in both genotypes. Soluble sugars are highly involved in cold acclimation, with sucrose and oligosaccharides significantly correlated with cold hardiness. Sucrose occupied the highest proportion of total soluble sugars in both genotypes. During November–January, downregulation of RhSUS was found in both genotypes, while upregulation of RhSPS was observed in ‘Yesterday’ and upregulation of RhINV2 was found in R. wichurana. Oligosaccharides accumulated from November to February and decreased to a significantly low level in April. RhRS6 had a significant upregulation in December in R. wichurana. This study provides insight into the cold acclimation mechanism of roses by combining transcription patterns with metabolite quantification.

scholarly journals The Interaction of Photoperiod and Temperature on Cold Hardiness and the Accumulation of Soluble Sugars in Two Cultivars of Southern Magnolia (Magnolia grandiflora L.)

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 848F-848
Author(s):  
C.L. Haynes ◽  
O.M. Lindstrom ◽  
M.A. Dirr
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Cold Acclimation ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Cold Hardiness ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Total Soluble Sugars ◽  
Magnolia Grandiflora ◽  
Temperature Interaction

Decreasing photoperiods and decreasing temperatures induce cold acclimation and the accumulation of soluble sugars in many plants. Two cultivars of southern magnolia differing in cold hardiness and acclimation patterns, were monitored to determine photoperiod × temperature interaction on cold hardiness and soluble sugar content. Cold hardiness increased with low temperatures and short photoperiods. Total soluble sugars, sucrose, and raffinose consistently increased in the leaves and stems of both cultivars in response primarily to low temperature. `Little Gem' was less responsive to photoperiod than `Claudia Wannamaker'

scholarly journals Cold hardiness in grapevines of various ecological and geographical origin

2021 ◽  
pp. 37-42
Author(s):  
N. I. Nenko ◽  
G. K. Kiseleva ◽  
I. A. Ilyina ◽  
V. S. Petrov ◽  
N. M. Zaporozhets ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Cold Hardiness ◽  
Geographical Origin ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Primary Concern ◽  
Cold Hardy ◽  
Grape Varieties ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

Over past years,  grapevine  adaptability has become of primary concern due to sharp cold-stressing weather of the unstable climates of Southern Russia accompanied by increasing mean annual temperatures, including higher degrees during plant winter dormancy. This situation causes considerable injury to the generative and vegetative organs in bush vine. Physiological and biochemical studies of the vine plant are of great importance for breeding cold-hardy grape genotypes. The article presents research related to studying cold hardiness in different grape varieties by content dynamics of starch, soluble sugars, abscisic acid and potassium ions in plant bark and buds. We studied grape varieties (interspecies  hybrids) of the European-American (Dostoinyi, Krasnostop, Vostorg), West-European (Aligote), East-European (Zarif) and European-Amur-American origins (Kristall). The work aimed to analyse the physiological and biochemical properties of various ecological and geographical-origin grapes  in winter time in order to identify the cold-hardiest genotypes. The Krasnostop and Vostorg varieties were ascertained as cold-hardy. Physiological and biochemical assays revealed an important contribution of water-soluble sugar-producing starch hydrolysis to low-temperature adaptation in Krasnostop and Vostorg, with the sugar content increasing 2.7-2.9 times. Krasnostop and Zarif were found to elevate the sucrose osmoprotectant winter level 4.7 and 6.6 times, respectively. All grape varieties decreased the abscisic acid content due to protective functions. Aligote was identified susceptible basing on a 2.3-fold potassium ion increase in frozen bark cell extract. The research conducted establishes the diagnostic value of the abovementioned physiological and biochemical parameters for cold hardiness evaluation in grape varieties.

Total Soluble Sugar Quantification from Ethanolic Plant Extracts v1

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynn Doran ◽  
Amanda P. De Souza
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Plant Tissue ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Total Soluble Sugars ◽  
Total Soluble Sugar ◽  
Tissue Extracts

Quantification of total soluble sugars (as glucose) in plant tissue extracts via the sulfuric phenol method adapted for 96 well plates.

scholarly journals Invertase and sucrose synthase activities in coffee plants sprayed with sucrose solution

2003 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Carlos da Silva ◽  
José Donizeti Alves ◽  
Amauri Alves de Alvarenga ◽  
Marcelo Murad Magalhães ◽  
Dárlan Einstein do Livramento ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sucrose Synthase ◽  
Sucrose Solution ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Total Soluble Sugar ◽  
Coffee Plants ◽  
Sugar Levels ◽  
High Level

One management practice of which the efficiency has not yet been scientifically tested is spraying coffee plants with diluted sucrose solutions as a source of carbon for the plant. This paper evaluates the effect of foliar spraying with sugar on the endogenous level of carbohydrates and on the activities of invertase and sucrose synthase in coffee (Coffea arabica L.) seedlings with reduced (low) and high (normal) levels of carbon reserve. The concentrations used were 0.5 and 1.0% sucrose, and water as a control. The use of sucrose at 1.0% caused an increase in the concentration of total soluble sugars in depauperate plants, as well as increased the activity of the following enzymes: cell wall and vacuole acid invertase, neutral cytosol invertase and sucrose synthase. In plants with high level of carbon reserve, no increments in total soluble sugar levels or in enzymatic activity were observed. Regardless of treatments or plants physiological state, no differences in transpiration or stomatal conductance were observed, demonstrating the stomatal control of transpiration. Photosynthesis was stimulated with the use of 0.5 and 1.0 % sucrose only in depauperate plants. Coffee seedling spraying with sucrose is only efficient for depauperate plants, at the concentration of 1.0%.

scholarly journals Effects of static magnetic field on growth, some biochemical and antioxidant system in lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.) seedlings

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-80
Author(s):  
Anousheh Zakeri ◽  
Ramazan-Ali Khavari-Nejad ◽  
Sara Saadatmand ◽  
Fatemeh Nouri Kootanaee ◽  
Rouzbeh Abbaszadeh
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Static Magnetic Field ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Total Soluble Sugars ◽  
Lemon Balm ◽  
Total Soluble Sugar

The effects of magnetic waves as natural environmental factors on the Earths are not well known on plant growth and development. The present study was carried out to evaluate the effects of static magnetic field (SMF) treatment (4 and 6 mT for 30 and 120 min per day) for eight days on the biomass production, proline contents and total soluble sugar, phenolic compounds, accumulation of H2O2 and MDA along with activity of antioxidant enzymes in lemon balm seedlings. Our results showed that SMF treatments, especially 6 mT and 120 min duration, increased the plant biomass, proline contents, phenolic compounds, H2O2 and MDA accumulation, and reduced the contents of total soluble sugars. The SMF application also increased the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and glutathione reductase (GR) enzymes compared to untreated seedlings. Our results suggest that SMF treatments induces the antioxidant defense system in the lemon balm seedlings and, by changing the plant metabolism, improves the early vigor of seedlings.

The influence of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. medicaginis on total soluble-sugar concentration of infected alfalfa roots

1993 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 647-649 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Richard ◽  
J.-G. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Freezing Tolerance ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Frost Tolerance ◽  
Root Tissue ◽  
Sugar Concentration ◽  
Low Concentration ◽  
Total Soluble Sugar

Alfalfa was inoculated with Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. medicaginis, and the total soluble-sugar concentration was determined in diseased taproots of cold-hardened plants. The concentration of soluble sugars decreased with increasing discoloration of root tissue (r = −0.85, P ≤ 0.0001). The low concentration of soluble sugars might be responsible for the previously reported low freezing tolerance of Fusarium-infected alfalfa. Key words: Alfalfa, Fusarium, sugars, frost tolerance

scholarly journals Biochemical and phytochemical evaluation of Stevia rebaudiana

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Moniruzzaman Sohag Howlader ◽  
Sheikh Rashel Ahmed ◽  
Khadizatul Kubra ◽  
Md Khairul Hassan Bhuiyan
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Total Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Dry Extract ◽  
Total Soluble Sugar

The present study was aimed to evaluate biochemical and phytotochemical of dry leaves of Stevia rebaudiana. Biochemical analysis indicated that Stevia leaves are a good source of carbohydrate and reducing sugar. Different extraction methods were used to prepare four different dry extracts (Extract A, B, C, D). Total soluble sugars and reducing sugars were analyzed for these four dry extracts and commercial Stevia powder. The highest amount of total soluble sugar (477 mg sugar g-1 dry extract) was obtained from extract C and higher amount of reducing sugar (82 mg g-1 dry extract) was obtained from extract D among the extracts. But commercial Stevia powder showed higher total soluble sugar content (754 mg g-1 dry powder) and highest amount of reducing sugar (98 mg g-1 dry extract) than all the extracted dry samples. The extraction process of dry extract C was feasible for the extraction of total soluble sugar. For the phytochemical screening, crude extract was tested for the presence of different chemical groups and presence of alkaloids, phenolic compounds, steroids, tannins, flavonoids, cardiac glycosides and saponins that were identified. The highest amount of total phenolic compounds (92 mg) was recorded from methanolic extract of extraction B. The lowest amount of total phenolic compounds (36 mg) was recorded in ethanolic extract of extraction A. So, Methanol proved as best solvent to extract increased quantity of total phenolic compounds than other solvents.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. March 2016, 2(1): 121-130

scholarly journals Regulation of curcuminoids, photosynthetic abilities, total soluble sugar, and rhizome yield traits in two cultivars of turmeric (Curcuma longa) using exogenous foliar paclobutrazol

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 12445
Author(s):  
Daonapa CHUNGLOO ◽  
Rujira TISARUM ◽  
Thapanee SAMPHUMPHUANG ◽  
Thanyaporn SOTESARITKUL ◽  
Suriyan CHA-UM
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Regulation ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stress ◽  
Total Soluble Sugar

Paclobutrazol (PBZ) is a member of plant growth retardants, commonly applied for growth regulation, yield improvement, and biotic and abiotic stress alleviation. However, the effects of PBZ on turmeric (Curcuma longa L.; Zingiberaceae), a rhizomatous herb, have not been well established. The objective of this investigation was to gain a better understanding of the effect of PBZ on two different varieties of turmeric plants, ‘Surat Thani’ (‘URT’; high curcuminoids >5% w/w) and ‘Pichit’ (‘PJT’; low curcuminoids <3% w/w). Pseudostem height of cv. ‘PJT’ treated by 340 µM PBZ was significantly decreased by 14.82% over control, whereas it was unchanged in cv. ‘URT’. Interestingly, leaf greenness (SPAD value), maximum quantum yield of PSII (Fv/Fm) and photon yield of PSII (ΦPSII) in cv. ‘PJT’ treated by 340 µM PBZ were significantly elevated by 1.47, 1.28 and 1.23 folds, over control respectively. Net photosynthetic rate (Pn) in cv. ‘PJT’ declined by 38.58% (340 µM PBZ) over control, as a result of low levels of total soluble sugars (TSS; 127.8 mg g-1 DW) in turmeric rhizome. A positive relation between photosynthetic abilities and aerial fresh weight was demonstrated. In addition, a negative relationship between TSS and total curcuminoids was evidently found (R2 = 0.4524). Curcuminoids yield in turmeric rhizomes significantly dropped, depending on the degree of exogenous foliar PBZ applications. In summary, cv. PJT was found to be very sensitive to PBZ application, whereas rhizome yield and growth traits and high amount of curcuminoids were retained in cv. ‘URT’. Plant growth retention in turmeric cv. ‘URT’ using 170 mM PBZ foliar spray without negative effects on rhizome biomass and total curcuminoids content was demonstrated.

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