scholarly journals Physiochemical and Phytochemical Properties of Wax Apple (Syzygium samarangense[Blume] Merrill & L. M. Perry var. Jambu Madu) as Affected by Growth Regulator Application

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Moneruzzaman Khandaker ◽  
Amru Nasrulhaq Boyce ◽  
Normaniza Osman ◽  
ABM Sharif Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Carotene Content ◽  
Peel Color

This study represents the first paper of the effects of growth regulators on the physiochemical and phytochemical properties of the wax apple fruit, a widely cultivated fruit tree in southeast Asia. Net photosynthesis, sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) activity, peel color, fruit firmness, juice content, pH value, total soluble solids (TSSs), and the sugar acid ratio were all significantly increased in growth regulators (PGRs) treated fruits. The application of gibberellin (GA3), naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), and 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) significantly reduced titratable acidity and increased total sugar and carbohydrate content compared to the control. The 50 mg/L GA3, 10 mg/L NAA, and 5 mg/L 2,4-D treatments produced the greatest increases in phenol and flavonoid content; vitamin C content was also higher for these treatments. PGR treatment significantly affected chlorophyll, anthocyanin, and carotene content and produced higher phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) and antioxidant activity levels. There was a positive correlation between peel color and TSS and antioxidant activity and both phenol and flavonoid content and PAL activity and anthocyanin formation. A taste panel assessment was also performed, and the highest scores were given to fruits that had been treated with GA3or auxin. The study showed that application of 50 mg/L GA3, 10 mg/L NAA, and 5 mg/L 2,4-D once a week from bud development to fruit maturation increased the physiochemical and phytochemical properties of wax apple fruits.

scholarly journals Effect of Pre Harvest Application of Some Growth Regulators on the Yield and Quality Characteristics of Grape (Vitis vinifera L.)

1970 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-66
Author(s):  
S Begum ◽  
M Ibrahim ◽  
A Samad ◽  
MR Khan ◽  
S Khaleda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Relative Efficacy ◽  
Titrable Acidity ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Dichlorophenoxy Acetic Acid ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

Present study was undertaken to investigate the relative efficacy of four growth regulators, viz., α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), gibberellic acid (GA) and 2,4-Dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) at various concentrations (ppm) on the yield and some other quality characteristics of grape (Zakkao cultivar) at the experimental grape research vine of BCSIR Laboratories, Rajshahi during the period January, 2003 to July, 2004. Yield was found to be increased (33.11 %) by spraying with 05 ppm of 2,4-D as compared to control and other growth regulator treatments. Fruits of treated plants showed increased total soluble solids (20.28 %) and vitamin (23.18 %) than that of untreated one. The titrable acidity (T. A) of fruits (33.01 %) of the treated plants was reduced significantly as compared to control. Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 42(1), 59-66, 2007

scholarly journals Influence of growth regulators and explants on shoot regeneration in carnation

2009 ◽  
Vol 36 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 140-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.K. Kanwar ◽  
S. Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Shoot Regeneration ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Dianthus Caryophyllus ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Shoot Bud ◽  
Dichlorophenoxy Acetic Acid ◽  
Number Of Shoots

The influence of growth regulators, explants and their interactions on in vitro shoot bud formation from callus was studied in <I>Dianthus caryophyllus</I> L. The leaf and internode explants were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing different concentrations of growth regulators. The highest callus induction was observed with 2 mg/l 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) and 1 mg/l benzyl adenine (BA). Out of twenty seven shoot regeneration media tested, only 2 mg/l thidiazuron (TDZ) and zeatin alone or in combination with naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and/or indole acetic acid (IAA) could differentiate calli. The highest average number of shoots was observed with 2 mg/l TDZ and 1 mg/l IAA. Significant differences were observed in calli producing shoots and number of shoots per callus in the explants of leaf and internode. The shoots were elongated and multiplied on MS medium supplemented with 1 mg/l BA and solidified with 1% agar. The shoots were rooted and hardened with 76% survival success in pots after six weeks of transfer to the pots.

scholarly journals Role of Growth Regulators on In Vitro Callus Induction and Direct Regeneration in Physalis minima Linn

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 38-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Sandhya ◽  
Rao Srinath
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Direct Regeneration ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Stem Explants ◽  
Dichlorophenoxy Acetic Acid ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

Suitable protocol for induction of callus and regeneration was developed from different explants viz., node, stem and leaves in Physalis minima. MS basal medium supplemented with various concentrations (1.0-4.0mg/l) of auxins like 2,4-Dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D), α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and cytokinins (0.5-1.5mg/l) like BAP or Kn were used. All the three explants responded for induction of callus, however stem explants were found superior, followed by node and leaf. Callus induction was observed in all the auxins and combination of growth regulators used with varied mass (2010±1.10) and highest percentage of callus induction was observed from stem at 2.0mg/l 2,4-D (90%) followed by NAA (70%) and IAA (50%). Organogenesis was induced when nodal explants were transferred on MS medium supplemented with 2,4-D and Kn at various concentrations, maximum being on 2.0mg/l 2,4-D + 1.0mg/l Kn (90%). Regenerated shoots were elongated on 0.5mg/l GA3. The shoots were subsequently rooted on MS + 1.0mg/l IBA (95%) medium. Rooted shoots were hardened and acclimatized, later they were transferred to polycups containing soil, cocopeat and sand in the ratio 1:2:1.Keywords:Physalis minima, Node, Stem, Leaf, callus and growth regulators.

scholarly journals Evaluation of fermented tea (kombucha) quality

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanesa Šliažaitė ◽  
Aurelija Paulauskienė ◽  
Aurimas Krasauskas
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Sensory Evaluation ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Soluble Solids Content ◽  
Fermentation Conditions ◽  
Solids Content

The research was done at Aleksandras Stulginskis University (Vytautas Magnus University Agriculture Academy since 2019) in 2017–2018. The research object was kombucha beverage brewed from Camellia sinensis L. black, green, oolong, pu-erh tea and fermented for 9 and 22 days by microorganisms at different room lighting conditions. The soluble solids content, active acidity and titratable acidity were determined in teas fermented for 22 days. The total amount of phenolics compounds, antioxidant activity, yeast colonies and sensory evaluation of tea were determined in teas fermented for 9 days. The research results showed that the quality of fermented tea was dependent on the tea species, but fermentation conditions were not essential. During the fermentation the soluble solids content of tea decreased by an average of 0.60% and the content of acetic acid increased by 0.34%. The highest content of acetic acid was found on the 22nd day of fermentation in all species of teas. The active acidity (pH) of all investigated species of teas decreased significantly during the fermentation process. The total content of phenolic compunds in all species of teas during the fermentation increased from 20 to 57% regardless of fermentation conditions. The highest content of total phenolic compounds was established in teas fermented for 9 days. The antioxidant activity of teas fermented for 9 days varied depending on the fermentation conditions. For black and green teas fermented in the light the antioxidant activity decreased, for oolong and pu-erh teas fermented in the dark the antioxidant activity increased. The number of yeast colonies increased in all tea samples during the fermentation. The best taste was fixed for pu-erh tea, which scored the highest (11.4) in sensory evaluation.

scholarly journals Pemanfaatan Limbah Padat Sari Apel sebagai Bahan Baku Cuka Apel Menggunakan Metode Backslop

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 136
Author(s):  
Alvianty Novitasari ◽  
Warkoyo Warkoyo ◽  
Sri Winarsih
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Acetobacter Aceti ◽  
Alcohol Content ◽  
Apple Cider ◽  
Factor I

Solid wasted of apple cider containing a lot of compounds such as carbohydrates, glucose, malic acid, and flavonoids. The purpose of this research is to utilize the solid wasted of apple cider as the raw material of apple vinegar. The fermentation process of making apple vinegar in this research using the backstop method. This research consists of 2 steps of the fermentation process. The first step of fermentation using yeast to transform sugar into alcohol. Second step fermentation is a continuance of first step fermentation with the addition of apple vinegar backstop culture which contain Acetobacter aceti with density 4 x 107cfu / ml to transform alcohol to acetic acid. This research uses simple and factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD). Fermentation phase I using simple RBD with the proportion of apple raw material (solid wasted of apple cider: apple) 100% : 0%; 75%: 25%; 50%: 50%; 25%: 75% as factor I. Fermentation phase II using factorial RBD with the combination of factor I and the addition of apple vinegar backstop with concentration 5%, 10%, and 15% as factor II. The results showed that during the first step fermentation process the raw material proportion of apple (solid wasted of apple cider: apple) affected total soluble solids, pH value, and alcohol content. Fermentation phase II showed an interaction between the proportion of the raw material of apple (apple cider waste: apple) and the addition of backstop apple vinegar concentration to total dissolved solids, alcohol content, acetic acid, except pH value. The best results showed treatment with apple material proportion (25% solid wasted of apple cider: 75% apple) and addition of apple vinegar backstop concentration 15 % produce 4.6 g / 100ml acetic acid, 4% soluble solids total, pH value of 3.4 and alcohol residue of 0% (v/v), with colorful organoleptic results quite appealing, the scent is sufficient, and preferences are favored by the panelists.

scholarly journals In vitro callus induction of gerbera from leaf explant

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Sadia Afrin Jui ◽  
Md. Mijanur Rahman Rajib ◽  
M. Mofazzal Hossain ◽  
Sharmila Rani Mallik ◽  
Iffat Jahan Nur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Leaf Explant ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

The experiment was designed to evaluate the effect of growth regulators on leaf explant of Gerbera for callus induction. Various kinds of plant growth regulators such as 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP), α-Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), 2, 4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D), Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) were used to initiate cultures. These were added to Murashige and Skoog medium in different combinations and concentrations. Leaf explants cultured on MS medium supplemented with BAP+ 2, 4-D+ IAA in T4 treatment & BAP+ 2,4-D in T5 treatment showed the best results for callus induction. On the other hand callus was induced early in the combination of BA+ 2,4-D + IAA hormone in T5, T9 & T8 treatment respectively. The rate of callus induction was very low in BA + NAA combinations but it was much earlier.   

scholarly journals Plant Growth Regulators Improve the Production of Volatile Organic Compounds in Two Rose Varieties

Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Ibrahim ◽  
Manjree Agarwal ◽  
Jeong Oh Yang ◽  
Muslim Abdulhussein ◽  
Xin Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Volatile Organic

The study focused on the influence of the plant growth regulators (PGRs) benzyladenine (BA) and naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) on the production of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from the flowers of two modern rose varieties, Hybrid Tea and Floribunda. Thirty-six plants of Hybrid Tea and Floribunda were tested. Benzyladenine and naphthalene acetic acid were applied at 0, 100 and 200 mg/L to both rose varieties. Gas chromatography, coupled with flame ionization detection and mass spectrometry, was used to analyze and identify the volatile organic compounds from the flowers. A three-phase fiber 50/30 µm divinylbenzene/carboxen/polydimethylsiloxane was used to capture VOCs, at 2, 4 and 8 weeks, and 4 weeks was selected as it had the highest peak area. In total, 81 and 76 VOCs were detected after treatment of both rose varieties with BA and NAA, respectively. In addition, 20 compounds, which had significant differences between different treatments, were identified from both rose varieties. The majority of VOCs were extracted after the application of 200 mg (BA and NAA) /L of formulation, and four important compounds, cis-muurola-4(141)5-diene, y-candinene, y-muurolene and prenyl acetate, increased significantly compared to the controls. These compounds are commercially important aroma chemicals. This study used the rapid and solvent-free SPME method to show that BA and NAA treatments can result in significant VOC production in the flowers of two rose varieties, enhancing the aromatic value of the flowers. This method has the potential to be applied to other valuable aromatic floricultural plant species.

scholarly journals Effect of the combination of NAA, kinetin and sucrose on the induction of somatic embryogenesis in lulo (Solanum quitoense Lam.)

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 170-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hernando Criollo ◽  
Margarita Perea ◽  
Mariano Toribio ◽  
Johanna Muñoz
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Plant Propagation ◽  
Cotyledonary Leaf

Lulo is a species of great importance to the fruticulture of Colombia, but has significant phytosanitary problems that require an aggressive breeding program oriented toward the production of genotypes with tolerance to phytopathogens. These programs need to establish highly efficient mass plant propagation protocols, such as somatic embryogenesis. This study focused on research on the somatic embryogenesis of lulo using kinetin, naphthalene acetic acid-NAA (Plant Growth Regulators, PGRs), and different sucrose concentrations in a MS medium. Two lulo varieties, Solanum quitoense var. septentrionale and S. quitoense var. quitoense, and two explant types (hypocotyl and cotyledon) were used, incubated in dark conditions at 25±2°C. The highest production percentage of the embryos was obtained when 50 mM of NAA were added to the medium with sucrose (50.0 and 263.1 mM) for the two explant types used. In lulo with spines, the highest percentage of embryonic structures (50%) was observed with cotyledonary leaf explants and 50 mM of NAA ; while in the spineless lulo, the embryonic structures were observed in the same type of explant with 50 mM of NAA + 263.1 mM of sucrose (32%).

scholarly journals Effects of plant growth regulators on transient expression of foreign gene in Nicotiana benthamiana L. leaves

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Li ◽  
Min Sun ◽  
Xin Wang ◽  
Yue-Jing Zhang ◽  
Xiao-Wei Da ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Green Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Transient Expression ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Nicotiana Benthamiana ◽  
Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Green Fluorescent

Abstract Background In the last decades, replicating expression vectors based on plant geminivirus have been widely used for enhancing the efficiency of plant transient expression. By using the replicating expression vector derived from bean yellow dwarf virus and green fluorescent protein as a reporter, we investigated the effects of α-naphthalene acetic acid, gibberellins3, and 6-benzyladenine, as three common plant growth regulators, on the plant biomass and efficiency of transient expression during the process of transient expression in Nicotiana benthamiana L. leaves. Results With the increase of the concentration of α-naphthalene acetic acid, gibberellins3, and 6-benzyladenine (from 0.1 to 1.6 mg/L), the fresh weight, dry weight, and leaf area of the seedlings increased first and then returned to the levels similar to the controls (without chemical treatment). The treatment with α-naphthalene acetic acid at 0.2 and 0.4 mg/L can enhance the level of transient expression of green fluorescent protein, which peaked at 0.4 mg/L α-naphthalene acetic acid and was increased about by 19%, compared to the controls. Gibberellins3 at 0.1–0.4 mg/L can enhance the level of transient expression of green fluorescent protein, which peaked at 0.2 mg/L gibberellins3 and was increased by 25%. However, the application of 6-benzyladenine led to decrease in the level of transient expression of green fluorescent protein. Conclusions The appropriate plant growth regulators at moderate concentration could be beneficial to the expression of foreign genes from the Agrobacterium-mediated transient expression system in plants. Thus, appropriate plant growth regulators could be considered as exogenous components that are applied for the production of recombinant protein by plant-based transient expression systems.

scholarly journals Effects of Different Weather Conditions and Addition of Mangosteen Peel Powder on Chemical Properties and Antioxidant Activity of Coconut Sap

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 295
Author(s):  
Pepita Haryanti ◽  
Supriyadi Supriyadi ◽  
Djagal Wiseso Marseno ◽  
Umar Santoso
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Weather Condition ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Mangosteen Peel ◽  
Dpph Method

Coconut sap is sweet, oyster-white and translucent liquid which can be obtained by tapping coconut flowers for 8  ̶  12 hours. Since it contains sugar with nearly neutral pH, coconut sap is highly susceptible to spontaneous fermentation. In order to maintain the quality of the sap during the tapping process, coconut farmers usually add preservative substances. The preservatives can be produced either naturally, such as mixtures of lime, mangosteen peel and sliced jackfruit wood, or synthetic one, such as sodium metabisulphite. The chemical properties of coconut sap might be affected by weather conditions during the tapping process. This research aimed to determine the effect of weather conditions during tapping process and variations of mangosteen peel powder concentration on the chemical properties and antioxidant activity of the coconut sap. The results showed that the optimum preservative concentration of mangosteen peel powder was 0.84 g/L of coconut sap which was tapped in sunny weather condition. This treatment yielded sap with chemical properties i.e. pH value of 6.7; total soluble solids of 16.2 °brix; water content of 85.62%; reducing sugar of 0.04 g/100 g; sucrose content of 13.64 g/100 g; total free amino acids of 0.1738 g/100 g; total phenolic of 323.23 mgGAE/100 g; and vitamin C of 26.06 mg/100 g. The antioxidant activity of this treatment was 34.39 % RSA evaluated by DPPH method, this value, was relatively similar to that of the addition of 0.28 and 0.56 g/L mangosteen peel powder. The coconut sugar produced had reducing sugar of 5.01 g/100 g; total sugar of 86.50 g/100 g; total phenolic content of 470 mgGAE/100 g; browning index of 16254 IU (ICUMSA); and antioxidant activity of 61.05% RSA.

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