scholarly journals Low-Dose Fluvastatin Prevents the Functional Alterations of Endothelium Induced by Short-Term Cholesterol Feeding in Rabbit Carotid Artery

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Gulnur Sevin ◽  
Yasemin Delen Akcay ◽  
Gonen Ozsarlak-Sozer ◽  
Mukadder Yasa
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Dietary Cholesterol ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Cholesterol Feeding ◽  
Vascular Responses ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Nitrite Nitrate ◽  
Fluvastatin Treatment

3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors, commonly known as statins, are the medical treatment of choice for hypercholesterolemia. In addition to lowering serum-cholesterol levels, statins appear to promote pleiotropic effects that are independent of changes in serum cholesterol. In this study, we investigated the effects of low-dose fluvastatin on antioxidant enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase, SOD; catalase), total nitrite/nitrate levels, and vascular reactivity in 2% cholesterol-fed rabbits. This diet did not generate any fatty streak lesions on carotid artery wall. However, SOD activity significantly increased with cholesterol feeding whereas the catalase activities decreased. The levels of nitrite/nitrate, stable products of NO degradation, diminished. Moreover, dietary cholesterol reduced vascular responses to acetylcholine, but contractions to serotonin were augmented. Fluvastatin treatment abrogated the cholesterol-induced increase in SOD, increased the levels of nitric oxide metabolites in tissue, and restored both the impaired vascular responses to acetylcholine and the augmented contractile responses to serotonin without affecting plasma-cholesterol levels. Phenylephrine contractions and nitroglycerine vasodilatations did not change in all groups. This study indicated that fluvastatin treatment performed early enough to improve impaired vascular responses may delay cardiovascular complications associated with several cardiovascular diseases.

DIETARY MARINE FISH OILS AND CHOLESTEROL METABOLISM: 2. THE EFFECT OF VITAMIN A AND LINGCOD LIVER OIL COMPONENTS ON THE SERUM CHOLESTEROL LEVELS IN CHICKS

1960 ◽  
Vol 38 (8) ◽  
pp. 879-887 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Aluminum Oxide ◽  
Dietary Supplement ◽  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Metabolism ◽  
Fish Oils ◽  
Cholesterol Feeding ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Oil Components ◽  
Aluminum Oxide Column

Lingcod liver oil unsaponifiable material was separated into three main fractions by means of an aluminum oxide column. Major components of the three fractions were vitamin A, cholesterol, and glyceryl ethers, respectively. These fractions were given as dietary supplements to cholesterol-fed chicks and the effect of the supplements on the hypercholesterolemia induced by the cholesterol feeding was investigated. The fraction containing vitamin A prevented the hypercholesterolemia. Crystalline vitamin A acetate produced a similar effect when it was added as a dietary supplement. It was concluded that vitamin A was probably the hypocholesterolemic agent in lingcod liver oil although other compounds in the oil may also exert some influence on the control of the serum cholesterol concentrations in the chicks.

scholarly journals Dietary cholesterol alters Na+/K+ selectivity at intracellular Na+/K+ pump sites in cardiac myocytes

2004 ◽  
Vol 286 (2) ◽  
pp. C398-C405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerrie A. Buhagiar ◽  
Peter S. Hansen ◽  
Benjamin Y. Kong ◽  
Ronald J. Clarke ◽  
Clyne Fernandes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Cardiac Myocytes ◽  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Dietary Cholesterol ◽  
Angiotensin Ii Receptors ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Modest Increase ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Isolated Cardiac Myocytes

A modest diet-induced increase in serum cholesterol in rabbits increases the sensitivity of the sarcolemmal Na+/K+ pump to intracellular Na+, whereas a large increase in cholesterol levels decreases the sensitivity to Na+. To examine the mechanisms, we isolated cardiac myocytes from controls and from rabbits with diet-induced increases in serum cholesterol. The myocytes were voltage clamped with the use of patch pipettes that contained osmotically balanced solutions with Na+ in a concentration of 10 mM and K+ in concentrations ([K+]pip) ranging from 0 to 140 mM. There was no effect of dietary cholesterol on electrogenic Na+/K+ current ( Ip) when pipette solutions were K+ free. A modest increase in serum cholesterol caused a [K+]pip-dependent increase in Ip, whereas a large increase caused a [K+]pip-dependent decrease in Ip. Modeling suggested that pump stimulation with a modest increase in serum cholesterol can be explained by a decrease in the microscopic association constant KK describing the backward reaction E1 + 2K+ → E2(K+)2, whereas pump inhibition with a large increase in serum cholesterol can be explained by an increase in KK. Because hypercholesterolemia upregulates angiotensin II receptors and because angiotensin II regulates the Na+/K+ pump in cardiac myocytes in a [K+]pip-dependent manner, we blocked angiotensin synthesis or angiotensin II receptors in vivo in cholesterol-fed rabbits. This abolished cholesterol-induced pump inhibition. Because the ϵ-isoform of protein kinase C (ϵPKC) mediates effects of angiotensin II on the pump, we included specific ϵPKC-blocking peptide in patch pipette filling solutions. The peptide reversed cholesterol-induced pump inhibition.

scholarly journals Obesity Does Not Interfere with the Cholesterol-Lowering Effect of Plant Stanol Ester Consumption (as Part of a Heart-Healthy Diet)

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Piia Simonen ◽  
Elisa Arte ◽  
Helena Gylling
Keyword(s):  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Metabolism ◽  
Dietary Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Absorption ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Plant Stanol Ester ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Plant Stanol ◽  
Control Serum ◽  
Stanol Ester

Dietary modifications including plant stanol ester consumption are recommended measures to control serum and low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol concentrations, but obesity can affect their responses. We investigated whether body mass index (BMI) affects serum cholesterol levels during plant stanol (mainly sitostanol) ester consumption. This ad hoc analysis was based on earlier results of a cross-over, randomized controlled trial of postmenopausal women consuming rapeseed oil-based margarine without or with plant stanol ester (3 g plant stanols/day) for seven weeks. We classified the subjects as normal-weight (BMI ≤ 25 kg/m2, n = 9, mean 22.6 kg/m2) or overweight/obese (BMI > 25 kg/m2, n = 11, mean 28.4 kg/m2), and recalculated the results, focusing on cholesterol absorption, cholesterol synthesis, and fecal steroid outputs. Serum cholesterol levels were similar in the groups during the control diet. Plant stanol ester reduced serum cholesterol by 0.63 ± 0.19 mmol/L (11%) in normal-weight and by 0.75 ± 0.13 mmol/L (12%) in overweight/obese subjects (p < 0.05 for both), and cholesterol absorption was reduced in both groups. However, relative and dietary cholesterol absorption were more effectively reduced in normal-weight subjects. In conclusion, overweight/obesity did not interfere with the serum cholesterol response to plant stanol ester consumption despite substantial differences in cholesterol metabolism between the groups.

scholarly journals Experimental study of the effects on rabbits of the injectable contraceptive medroxyprogesterone acetate, cholesterol feeding and drug-atherogenic diet combination

1982 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-83
Author(s):  
T. H. Al-Shebib ◽  
A. J. Al Zubaidy ◽  
A. S. Al-Hashimi
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Medroxyprogesterone Acetate ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Atherogenic Diet ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Total Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Feeding ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Injectable Contraceptive

Medroxyprogesterone acetate was given alone or in combination with a cholesterol-rich diet. Total serum cholesterol levels in treated rabbits was significantly different from those of the control on most occasions during the experiment, and in the controls it remained essentially the same throughout the experimental period. There was a relationship between lesions induced and the raised serum cholesterol, but there was no regression of the appearance of fibrous plaques after discontinuation of the cholesterol supplement.

DIETARY MARINE FISH OILS AND CHOLESTEROL METABOLISM: 2. THE EFFECT OF VITAMIN A AND LINGCOD LIVER OIL COMPONENTS ON THE SERUM CHOLESTEROL LEVELS IN CHICKS

1960 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 879-887 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Aluminum Oxide ◽  
Dietary Supplement ◽  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Metabolism ◽  
Fish Oils ◽  
Cholesterol Feeding ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Oil Components ◽  
Aluminum Oxide Column

Lingcod liver oil unsaponifiable material was separated into three main fractions by means of an aluminum oxide column. Major components of the three fractions were vitamin A, cholesterol, and glyceryl ethers, respectively. These fractions were given as dietary supplements to cholesterol-fed chicks and the effect of the supplements on the hypercholesterolemia induced by the cholesterol feeding was investigated. The fraction containing vitamin A prevented the hypercholesterolemia. Crystalline vitamin A acetate produced a similar effect when it was added as a dietary supplement. It was concluded that vitamin A was probably the hypocholesterolemic agent in lingcod liver oil although other compounds in the oil may also exert some influence on the control of the serum cholesterol concentrations in the chicks.

scholarly journals Contribution of Eggs and Other Cholesterol-containing Foods to Total Dietary Cholesterol Intake, and Their Influence on Serum Lipid Profile of Adults in Calabar, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 329-340
Author(s):  
Eridiong O. Onyenweaku ◽  
Henrietta N. Ene-Obong ◽  
Gregory E. Oko ◽  
Ima O. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Serum Lipid ◽  
Dietary Cholesterol ◽  
Serum Lipid Profile ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Cholesterol Intake

Aim: Eggs have sometimes been regarded as unhealthy foods due to their relatively high cholesterol content. The aim of this study is to determine contribution of eggs and other    cholesterol containing food to total dietary cholesterol and their influence on serum lipid profile of adults. Study Design: Cross sectional and experimental. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Biochemistry, University of Calabar, Calabar. February to July 2017. Methodology: A cross-sectional survey to determine consumption pattern was carried out on 400 respondents using food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and 24 hour dietary recall. The respondents were further grouped into four based on their reported weekly egg consumption. A detailed follow-up study was conducted on 50 participants selected from across the 4 groups, using a 3-day repeated 24 hour dietary recall to determine their consumption of egg and other cholesterol-containing foods. Serum blood lipid profile of these 50 participants was also determined using Randox cholesterol test kits. Food composition tables were used to calculate dietary cholesterol intake (DCI). The mean DCI of the 4 groups were cross-tabulated with mean serum cholesterol levels. Percentage contribution of eggs and other frequently consumed cholesterol-containing foods (such as milk and fish) to total DCI was calculated. Statistical significance was accepted at p = .05. Results: For the follow-up participants, it was observed that results of correlations between DCI and the lipid profile parameters showed negative correlation (at p = .01) in both males and females, except slight positive correlations between cholesterol intake and HDL-c (r=0.191) among the males, and cholesterol with TC (r=0.265) among the females. Apart from this, no association was observed between DCI and the lipid profile parameters. Furthermore, the > 5eggs/week group had the lowest TC and LDL-c (4.23±0.19 mmol/L and 2.38±0.10 mmol/L). Based on the respondents’ consumption patterns, eggs (boiled and fried) contributed the highest- 34.8% to total DCI, followed by milk (15.9%); salad cream contributed lowest (0.3%) to total DCI. Conclusion: Increased DCI from cholesterol-containing foods (such as eggs), did not cause an adverse increase in serum cholesterol levels of normocholesterolemic people.

DIETARY CONTROL OF SERUM CHOLESTEROL LEVELS IN RATS FED HIGH-FAT, CHOLATE-CONTAINING DIETS

1966 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. B. Wilson ◽  
J. M. Martin ◽  
W. S. Hartroft
Keyword(s):  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Linseed Oil ◽  
Dietary Cholesterol ◽  
Sodium Cholate ◽  
Dietary Control ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Proportional Change ◽  
Series Of Experiments

In a series of experiments, rats were fed semisynthetic atherogenic diets containing variable amounts of cholesterol (from 0 to 5%) with 40% of either cocoa butter, dairy butter, corn oil, or linseed oil as the source of fat, and 2% sodium cholate. It was found that serum cholesterol levels increased as the amount of dietary cholesterol increased to the 1% level, but raising the dietary cholesterol above this level did not provoke a proportional change in serum cholesterol during the first 3 months of the experiment.

Combined lethal effect of desoxyribonucleic acid injection and cholesterol feeding

1960 ◽  
Vol 199 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-145
Author(s):  
J. Philip Savitsky
Keyword(s):  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Lethal Effect ◽  
Cholesterol Diet ◽  
Cholesterol Feeding ◽  
Desoxyribonucleic Acid ◽  
Dna Injection ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Acid Injection

Highly purified, undenatured desoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was prepared from homologous and heterologous tissues. One milligram of this DNA was injected into each of 21 rabbits, producing a lowered mean serum cholesterol and decreasing variation of the cholesterol levels. Four months after the DNA injection, the rabbits received a 0.5% cholesterol diet. The animals lost their appetite, lost weight, became debilitated, infected and died. One hundred per cent of the DNA-injected rabbits died within 3 months after starting the cholesterol diet compared to 5% of the cholesterol-fed controls. Gross autopsies revealed only debilitated animals with terminal infections. The nature and cause of the lethal effect are undetermined.

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