scholarly journals In VitroAntibacterial and Antifungal Activity of Salicylanilide Benzoates

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Krátký ◽  
Jarmila Vinšová ◽  
Vladimír Buchta
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Benzoic Acid ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Phenyl Benzoate ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Micromolar Range

The resistance to antimicrobial agents brings a need of novel antimicrobial agents. We have synthesized and found thein vitroantibacterial activity of salicylanilide esters with benzoic acid (2-(phenylcarbamoyl)phenyl benzoates) in micromolar range. They were evaluatedin vitrofor the activity against eight fungal and eight bacterial species. All derivatives showed a significant antibacterial activity against Gram-positive strains with minimum inhibitory concentrations ≥0.98 μmol/L including methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureusstrain. The most active compounds were 5-chloro-2-(3,4-dichlorophenylcarbamoyl)phenyl benzoate and 4-chloro-2-(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenylcarbamoyl)phenyl benzoate. The antifungal activity is significantly lower.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity of Honey against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus: A Laboratory-Based Experimental Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammedaman Mama ◽  
Teklu Teshome ◽  
Jafer Detamo
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Wound Infection ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Antimicrobial Drug Resistance ◽  
In Vitro Antibacterial Activity

Background. Antimicrobial drug resistance is one of the serious issues this world is facing nowadays, and increased cost of searching for effective antimicrobial agents and the decreased rate of new drug discovery have made the situation increasingly worrisome. Objective. The aim of this study is to determine in vitro antibacterial activity of honey against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates from wound infection. Methods. An experimental study was conducted from May to November 2017. Methicillin resistance was detected using cefoxitin (30 μg) and oxacillin (1 μg) antibiotic discs. Different concentrations of honey (25–100% v/v) were tested against each type of clinical isolates obtained from wound infection. A preliminary sensitivity test was done to all types of honey by using disk diffusion while minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration were determined for the most potent honey by the broth dilution technique. All statistical analysis was performed by using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 20. Results. In this study, 36 bacterial isolates were recovered from 50 specimens, showing an isolation rate of 72%. The predominant bacteria isolated from the infected wounds were Staphylococcus aureus (15, 41.7%). Among identified Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin resistance accounts for 10 isolates (27.8%). All isolates showed a high frequency of resistance to tetracycline. Four collected honey varieties exhibited antibacterial activity, while the strongest inhibitory activity was demonstrated by honey-2 at 75% v/v. The mean MIC and MBC of honey-2 ranged from 9.38 to 37.5% v/v. Conclusions. Tested honey has both a bacteriostatic and bactericidal activity. Among the tested honey, “honey-2” had high antibacterial potency than others.

scholarly journals An In Vitro Study on the Antimicrobial Properties of Essential Oil Modified Resin Composite against Oral Pathogens

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 4383
Author(s):  
Barbara Lapinska ◽  
Aleksandra Szram ◽  
Beata Zarzycka ◽  
Janina Grzegorczyk ◽  
Louis Hardan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Oral Pathogens

Modifying the composition of dental restorative materials with antimicrobial agents might induce their antibacterial potential against cariogenic bacteria, e.g., S.mutans and L.acidophilus, as well as antifungal effect on C.albicans that are major oral pathogens. Essential oils (EOs) are widely known for antimicrobial activity and are successfully used in dental industry. The study aimed at evaluating antibacterial and antifungal activity of EOs and composite resin material (CR) modified with EO against oral pathogens. Ten EOs (i.e., anise, cinnamon, citronella, clove, geranium, lavender, limette, mint, rosemary thyme) were tested using agar diffusion method. Cinnamon and thyme EOs showed significantly highest antibacterial activity against S.mutans and L.acidophilus among all tested EOs. Anise and limette EOs showed no antibacterial activity against S.mutans. All tested EOs exhibited antifungal activity against C.albicans, whereas cinnamon EO showed significantly highest and limette EO significantly lowest activity. Next, 1, 2 or 5 µL of cinnamon EO was introduced into 2 g of CR and microbiologically tested. The modified CR showed higher antimicrobial activity in comparison to unmodified one. CR containing 2 µL of EO showed the best antimicrobial properties against S.mutans and C.albicans, while CR modified with 1 µL of EO showed the best antimicrobial properties against L.acidophilus.

Nemonoxacin enhances antibacterial activity and anti-resistant mutation ability of vancomycin against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in an in vitro dynamic pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junchen Huang ◽  
Siwei Guo ◽  
Xin Li ◽  
Fang Yuan ◽  
You Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bactericidal Activity ◽  
Pharmacodynamic Model ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Mutant Prevention Concentration ◽  
Mrsa Infection ◽  
Independent Risk Factors ◽  
Resistant Mutation

Reduced susceptibility and emergence of resistance to vancomycin in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) have led to the development of various vancomycin based combinations. Nemonoxacin is a novel nonfluorinated quinolone with antibacterial activity against MRSA. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of nemonoxacin on antibacterial activity and the anti-resistant mutation ability of vancomycin for MRSA and explore whether quinolone resistance genes are associated with a reduction in the vancomycin minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and mutant prevention concentration (MPC) when combined with nemonoxacin. Four isolates, all with a vancomycin MIC of 2 μg/mL, were used in a modified in vitro dynamic pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic model to investigate the effects of nemonoxacin on antibacterial activity (M04, M23 and M24) and anti-resistant mutation ability (M04, M23 and M25, all with MPC ≥19.2 μg/mL) of vancomycin. The mutation sites of gyrA , gyrB , parC , and parE of 55 clinical MRSA isolates were sequenced. We observed that in M04 and M23, the combination of vancomycin (1g q12h) and nemonoxacin (0.5g qd) showed a synergistic bactericidal activity and resistance enrichment suppression. All clinical isolates resistant to nemonoxacin harbored gyrA (S84→L) mutation; gyrA (S84→L) and parC (E84→K) mutations were the two independent risk factors for the unchanged vancomycin MPC in combination. Nemonoxacin enhances the bactericidal activity and suppresses resistance enrichment ability of vancomycin against MRSA with a MIC of 2 μg/mL. Our in vitro data support the combination of nemonoxacin and vancomycin for the treatment of MRSA infection with a high MIC.

scholarly journals Combination of Tedizolid and Daptomycin against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in an In Vitro Model of Simulated Endocardial Vegetations

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordan R. Smith ◽  
Juwon Yim ◽  
Seth Rice ◽  
Kyle Stamper ◽  
Razie Kebriaei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Exact Nature ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Vitro Model

ABSTRACT Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a major pathogen responsible for health care-associated infections, and treatment options are limited. Tedizolid (TZD) is a novel oxazolidinone antibiotic with activity against MRSA. Previously, daptomycin (DAP) has demonstrated synergy with other antibiotics against MRSA. We sought to determine the efficacy of the combination of TZD and DAP against MRSA in an in vitro model of simulated endocardial vegetations (SEVs). TZD simulations of 200 mg once daily and DAP simulations of 6 mg/kg of body weight and 10 mg/kg once daily were tested alone and in the combinations TZD plus DAP at 6 mg/kg or DAP at 10 mg/kg against two clinical strains of MRSA, 494 and 67. These regimens were tested in SEV models over 8 days to determine the antibacterial activity of the regimens and whether synergy or antagonism might be present between the agents. Against both strains 494 and 67 and at both DAP dose regimens, the combination of TZD and DAP was antagonistic at 192 h. In all cases, DAP alone was statistically superior to DAP plus TZD. When the combination was stopped after 96 h, transitioning to DAP at 6 mg/kg or DAP at 10 mg/kg alone resulted in better antibacterial activity than either of the TZD-plus-DAP combinations, further demonstrating antagonistic effects. Against MRSA, we demonstrated that TZD and DAP have antagonistic activity that hinders their overall antimicrobial efficacy. The exact nature of this antagonistic relationship is still undetermined, but its presence warrants further study of the potentially harmful grouping of the two antibiotics in clinical use.

scholarly journals In vitro activities of oxazolidinone compounds U100592 and U100766 against Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis.

1996 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 799-801 ◽  
Author(s):  
G W Kaatz ◽  
S M Seo
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Clinical Strains ◽  
Time Kill

The new oxazolidinone antimicrobial agents U100592 and U100766 demonstrated good in vitro inhibitory activity against clinical strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis regardless of methicillin susceptibility. Both agents appeared bacteriostatic by time-kill analysis. Stable resistance to low multiples of the MIC of either drug could be produced only in methicillin-resistant S. aureus.

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