scholarly journals Investigating mixotrophic metabolism in the model diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum

2017 ◽  
Vol 372 (1728) ◽  
pp. 20160404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valeria Villanova ◽  
Antonio Emidio Fortunato ◽  
Dipali Singh ◽  
Davide Dal Bo ◽  
Melissa Conte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Phaeodactylum Tricornutum ◽  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Physiological Data ◽  
Pennate Diatom ◽  
Metabolic Modelling ◽  
Central Carbon ◽  
Triacylglycerol Accumulation

Diatoms are prominent marine microalgae, interesting not only from an ecological point of view, but also for their possible use in biotechnology applications. They can be cultivated in phototrophic conditions, using sunlight as the sole energy source. Some diatoms, however, can also grow in a mixotrophic mode, wherein both light and external reduced carbon contribute to biomass accumulation. In this study, we investigated the consequences of mixotrophy on the growth and metabolism of the pennate diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum , using glycerol as the source of reduced carbon. Transcriptomics, metabolomics, metabolic modelling and physiological data combine to indicate that glycerol affects the central-carbon, carbon-storage and lipid metabolism of the diatom. In particular, provision of glycerol mimics typical responses of nitrogen limitation on lipid metabolism at the level of triacylglycerol accumulation and fatty acid composition. The presence of glycerol, despite provoking features reminiscent of nutrient limitation, neither diminishes photosynthetic activity nor cell growth, revealing essential aspects of the metabolic flexibility of these microalgae and suggesting possible biotechnological applications of mixotrophy. This article is part of the themed issue ‘The peculiar carbon metabolism in diatoms'.

scholarly journals AP2/ERF and R2R3-MYB family transcription factors: potential associations between temperature stress and lipid metabolism in Auxenochlorella protothecoides

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guanlan Xing ◽  
Jinyu Li ◽  
Wenli Li ◽  
Sin Man Lam ◽  
Hongli Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Triacylglycerol Accumulation ◽  
Response To Temperature ◽  
R2r3 Myb

Abstract Background Both APETALA2/Ethylene Responsive Factor (AP2/ERF) superfamily and R2R3-MYB family were from one of the largest diverse families of transcription factors (TFs) in plants, and played important roles in plant development and responses to various stresses. However, no systematic analysis of these TFs had been conducted in the green algae A. protothecoides heretofore. Temperature was a critical factor affecting growth and lipid metabolism of A. protothecoides. It also remained largely unknown whether these TFs would respond to temperature stress and be involved in controlling lipid metabolism process. Results Hereby, a total of six AP2 TFs, six ERF TFs and six R2R3-MYB TFs were identified and their expression profiles were also analyzed under low-temperature (LT) and high-temperature (HT) stresses. Meanwhile, differential adjustments of lipid pathways were triggered, with enhanced triacylglycerol accumulation. A co-expression network was built between these 18 TFs and 32 lipid-metabolism-related genes, suggesting intrinsic associations between TFs and the regulatory mechanism of lipid metabolism. Conclusions This study represented an important first step towards identifying functions and roles of AP2 superfamily and R2R3-MYB family in lipid adjustments and response to temperature stress. These findings would facilitate the biotechnological development in microalgae-based biofuel production and the better understanding of photosynthetic organisms’ adaptive mechanism to temperature stress.

scholarly journals Fluoxetine Arrests Growth of the Model Diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum by Increasing Oxidative Stress and Altering Energetic and Lipid Metabolism

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Feijão ◽  
Ricardo Cruz de Carvalho ◽  
Irina A. Duarte ◽  
Ana Rita Matos ◽  
Maria Teresa Cabrita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Phaeodactylum Tricornutum

Ecotoxicity of the lipid-lowering drug bezafibrate on the bioenergetics and lipid metabolism of the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum

2019 ◽  
Vol 650 ◽  
pp. 2085-2094 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernardo Duarte ◽  
Diogo Prata ◽  
Ana Rita Matos ◽  
Maria Teresa Cabrita ◽  
Isabel Caçador ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Phaeodactylum Tricornutum ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Lipid Lowering Drug ◽  
Lowering Drug

scholarly journals Human Systems Biology and Metabolic Modelling: A Review—From Disease Metabolism to Precision Medicine

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Angione
Keyword(s):  
Systems Biology ◽  
Precision Medicine ◽  
Model Building ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Metabolic Modelling ◽  
Metabolic Systems ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Metabolic Models

In cell and molecular biology, metabolism is the only system that can be fully simulated at genome scale. Metabolic systems biology offers powerful abstraction tools to simulate all known metabolic reactions in a cell, therefore providing a snapshot that is close to its observable phenotype. In this review, we cover the 15 years of human metabolic modelling. We show that, although the past five years have not experienced large improvements in the size of the gene and metabolite sets in human metabolic models, their accuracy is rapidly increasing. We also describe how condition-, tissue-, and patient-specific metabolic models shed light on cell-specific changes occurring in the metabolic network, therefore predicting biomarkers of disease metabolism. We finally discuss current challenges and future promising directions for this research field, including machine/deep learning and precision medicine. In the omics era, profiling patients and biological processes from a multiomic point of view is becoming more common and less expensive. Starting from multiomic data collected from patients and N-of-1 trials where individual patients constitute different case studies, methods for model-building and data integration are being used to generate patient-specific models. Coupled with state-of-the-art machine learning methods, this will allow characterizing each patient’s disease phenotype and delivering precision medicine solutions, therefore leading to preventative medicine, reduced treatment, andin silicoclinical trials.

scholarly journals Comparative Genomics of the Pennate Diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum

2005 ◽  
Vol 137 (2) ◽  
pp. 500-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anton Montsant ◽  
Kamel Jabbari ◽  
Uma Maheswari ◽  
Chris Bowler
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Genomics ◽  
Phaeodactylum Tricornutum ◽  
Pennate Diatom

Identification of a putative patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 3 (PNPLA3) ortholog involved in lipid metabolism in microalga Phaeodactylum tricornutum

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 274-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiang Wang ◽  
Yu-Hong Liu ◽  
Dong-Xiong Hu ◽  
Srinivasan Balamurugan ◽  
Yang Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Phaeodactylum Tricornutum

The mechanism of regulation of photosystem I cross-section in the pennate diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasco Giovagnetti ◽  
Alexander V Ruban
Keyword(s):  
Phaeodactylum Tricornutum ◽  
Wavelength Region ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Protein Synthesis Inhibitor ◽  
Synthesis Inhibitor ◽  
Pennate Diatom ◽  
Intermittent Light ◽  
Long Wavelength ◽  
Wavelength Emission ◽  
Photosynthetic Complexes

Abstract Photosystems possess distinct fluorescence emissions at low (77K) temperature. PSI emits in the long-wavelength region at ~710–740 nm. In diatoms, a successful clade of marine primary producers, the contribution of PSI-associated emission (710–717 nm) has been shown to be relatively small. However, in the pennate diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum, the source of the long-wavelength emission at ~710 nm (F710) remains controversial. Here, we addressed the origin and modulation of F710 fluorescence in this alga grown under continuous and intermittent light. The latter condition led to a strong enhancement in F710. Biochemical and spectral properties of the photosynthetic complexes isolated from thylakoid membranes were investigated for both culture conditions. F710 emission appeared to be associated with PSI regardless of light acclimation. To further assess whether PSII could also contribute to this emission, we decreased the concentration of PSII reaction centres and core antenna by growing cells with lincomycin, a chloroplast protein synthesis inhibitor. The treatment did not diminish F710 fluorescence. Our data suggest that F710 emission originates from PSI under the conditions tested and is enhanced in intermittent light-grown cells due to increased energy flow from the FCP antenna to PSI.

Precision Cultivation of Phaeodactylum tricornutum and Free Lipid Acid Analysis

2011 ◽  
Vol 354-355 ◽  
pp. 226-230
Author(s):  
Feng He ◽  
Peng Cheng Fu ◽  
Chun Ming Xu
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Phaeodactylum Tricornutum ◽  
Cell Concentration ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Total Lipid Content ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
Growth Conditions

Abstract：A field test was conducted on a photobioreactors for cultivaion of P. tricornutum for optimization cultivation conditions.Here,we use a flat-cuvette pohotobioreactor to control the irradiance, pH, gas composition combined with on-line monitoring by fluorometer and densitometer.By chosing the culture medium in containing glucose，sodium acetate and glycerol, to check for the biomass, cell concentration, biochemical substances and fatty acid content nearly three months . The results show that: Phaeodactylum tricornutum is not only photoautotroph but also mixotroph, which with selectivity for substance concentration and organic carbon sources, the optimum concentration of glucose is 20mmol/L, the optimal growth condition in 500mL flask contains that the temperature is 25±1°C, the light intensity is 50µmol/m2.s, the pH is 8.5. Whatever the carbon sources are able to promote the biomass accumulation. When the cell concentration achieve to 2.5×106 cells/mL in the end of the culture, analyzed total lipid content so as to determine the biomass accumulation and biomass variation in different growth conditions. By ultrasonic extracting and freeze drying, the total of lipid reaches 20%(dry weight); the main content of fatty acid is C16:0,C18:0,which is the better material for biodisel production.

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