scholarly journals Lingacom muography

2018 ◽  
Vol 377 (2137) ◽  
pp. 20180133
Author(s):  
A. Harel ◽  
D. Yaish
Keyword(s):  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Imaging Algorithm ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Imaging ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Imaging Algorithms

Lingacom Ltd develops detectors for muography—imaging using cosmic-ray muons—together with imaging algorithms and tools. We present selected simulation results from muon imaging of cargo conta- iners, from a joint muon and X-ray imaging algorithm, and for ground surveys using borehole detectors. This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue ‘Cosmic-ray muography’.

scholarly journals 2D Relativistic MHD Simulations of PWNe: Preliminary Results

2004 ◽  
Vol 218 ◽  
pp. 179-180
Author(s):  
Elena Amato ◽  
Luca Del Zanna ◽  
Niccolò Bucciantini
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Wind Energy ◽  
Energy Distribution ◽  
Equatorial Plane ◽  
Detailed Comparison ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Mhd Simulations ◽  
X Ray Imaging ◽  
Simulation Results

We present preliminary results of 2D axisymmetric relativistic MHD simulations of PWNe, aimed at investigating whether structures such as the rings and jets revealed by high resolution X-ray imaging can be due to anisotropy of the outflow from the pulsar. We confirm that these features can qualitatively be explained when the energy flux is larger in the equatorial plane than along the spin axis. Detailed comparison between simulation results and observations is required to constrain the wind energy distribution upstream of the termination shock.

The Effect of Calculating Gridding Size on the Formation of Multimode Penetrator

2010 ◽  
Vol 148-149 ◽  
pp. 204-209
Author(s):  
Wei Bing Li ◽  
Xiao Ming Wang ◽  
Wen Bin Li ◽  
Yu Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Diameter Ratio ◽  
Shaped Charge ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Imaging ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Change Curve ◽  
Good Agreement

Aim at the problem of Ansys/LS-DYNA software simulating in the shaped charge modeling, this paper studies the influence of calculating gridding size on the multimode penetrator forming. It can be found that when the gridding size is 0.028 times the charge caliber or less, the formation of penetrator can be good with the trail result. It obtained the change curve of the model nodes and the calculating time of certain computer with the size of gridding. When the gridding size is from 0.022 to 0.028 times the charge caliber, the model nodes diminish 30.8%, and the calculating time decreases 42.9%. It obtains the effects of calculating gridding size on the multimode penetrator formation parameters, such as velocity and length-diameter ratio. The simulation results were validated through X-ray imaging experimentation. Both results are in good agreement.

scholarly journals Detection of Early Stages Dental Caries Using Photoacoustic Signals: The Simulation Study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samira Arabpou ◽  
Ebrahim Najafzadeh ◽  
Parastoo Farnia ◽  
Alireza Ahmadian ◽  
Hossein Ghadiri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Light Source ◽  
Energy Deposition ◽  
Photoacoustic Imaging ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Broad Beam ◽  
X Ray Imaging ◽  
Simulation Results

Purpose: Dental caries is known as one of the most common oral diseases in the world. Tooth decay progresses slowly, and the symptoms are not regularly visible until it reaches an irreversible phase and needs to be removed with extensive restoration treatment. If the lesions could be diagnosed at an initial stage, the progress of dental diseases would be stopped through preventive treatments. Conventional methods for caries detection are visual examinations and X-Ray imaging methods that have significant limitations such as poor sensitivity and specificity at the earliest stages of the disease due to the small size of the lesions. Materials and Methods: Photoacoustic imaging as a non-invasive hybrid imaging modality combines the high spatial resolution of ultrasound with the rich optical contrasts of optical imaging, and it is much safer than the ionizing radiation like X-ray imaging. In this study, the simulation of the light propagation and energy deposition in the tooth was done using Monte Carlo to form the initial pressure for acoustic simulations which is done by the K-Wave toolbox. The simulations were implemented by a tooth model which is including enamel, dentin, pulp, and gum layers. Results: Simulation results revealed that early tooth lesions could be detected by a broad beam light source better than the pencil beam light source in photoacoustic imaging. Also, as our simulation results proved, the amount of energy deposition for the bigger lesions is significantly higher than the smaller lesions using the broad beam light source. Conclusion: Photoacoustic imaging as a promising imaging modality which is non-contact, non- invasive and non-ionizing imaging modality could detect early-stage tooth caries and provide quantitative information for white spot lesion evaluation.

The Effect of Explosive Material on the Formation of Explosively Formed Penetrator

2011 ◽  
Vol 250-253 ◽  
pp. 4065-4069
Author(s):  
Qin Shu Miao ◽  
Xiao Ming Wang ◽  
Wen Bin Li ◽  
Wei Bing Li ◽  
Yu Zheng
Keyword(s):  
High Energy ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Diameter Ratio ◽  
Explosive Material ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Explosive Materials ◽  
X Ray Imaging ◽  
Simulation Results

In order to research the effect of explosive material on the formation of EFP, this paper studies the effect of five different explosive materials, PETN, SEP, TNT, PE4BOOSTER and 8701, on forming EFP, using ANSYS/LS-DYNA simulation software. It obtained the influence of the material character of the explosive on the formation parameters of EFP, such as velocity and length-diameter ratio. It can be found that, when the density of explosive increases from 1.26g/cm3 to 1.7g/cm3, the velocity of EFP increases by 50.8%, and the length-diameter ratio improves by 2.16 times. It is good to choose the explosive with high energy and speed in design charge warhead at the same condition. The simulation results were validated through X-ray imaging experimentation. Both results are in agreement well.

Simulation of a Gas Electron Multiplier Detector for Hard X-Ray Imaging with a Novel Nano Converter

2013 ◽  
Vol 829 ◽  
pp. 227-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elham Edalatkhah ◽  
Shahyar Saramad ◽  
Shahab Sheibani
Keyword(s):  
Medical Imaging ◽  
Detection Efficiency ◽  
Electron Multiplier ◽  
Gas Electron Multiplier ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Imaging ◽  
Gas Detector ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Position Sensitive ◽  
Simulation Results

One of the most marvelous applications of GEM is hard X-ray imaging. For increasing the detection efficiency, a photoconverter is usually required. In this work a novel nanostructure photo converter is proposed. Simulation results show that the combination of fast position sensitive gas detector with nanophoto converter can be improved the detection efficiency by one order of magnitude in comparison to the bulk one, which is more benefic for hard X-ray medical imaging applications.

Defects of Platelet Function Recognized by X-Ray Imaging and Scanning Electron Microscopy

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 610-613
Author(s):  
M.G. Baldini ◽  
S. Morinaga ◽  
D. Minasian ◽  
R. Feder ◽  
D. Sayre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Imaging Technique ◽  
Human Platelets ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Imaging ◽  
Complex Phenomena ◽  
Scanning Electron

Contact X-ray imaging is presently developing as an important imaging technique in cell biology. Our recent studies on human platelets have demonstrated that the cytoskeleton of these cells contains photondense structures which can preferentially be imaged by soft X-ray imaging. Our present research has dealt with platelet activation, i.e., the complex phenomena which precede platelet appregation and are associated with profound changes in platelet cytoskeleton. Human platelets suspended in plasma were used. Whole cell mounts were fixed and dehydrated, then exposed to a stationary source of soft X-rays as previously described. Developed replicas and respective grids were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

Designing high-resolution slow scan CCD-based TEM camera systems

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 946-947
Author(s):  
James F. Mancuso ◽  
William B. Maxwell ◽  
Russell E. Camp ◽  
Mark H. Ellisman
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Optics ◽  
Ccd Camera ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Phosphor Layer ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Light Production ◽  
Camera Systems ◽  
X Ray Imaging ◽  
Electron Image ◽  
Scintillating Fiber

The imaging requirements for 1000 line CCD camera systems include resolution, sensitivity, and field of view. In electronic camera systems these characteristics are determined primarily by the performance of the electro-optic interface. This component converts the electron image into a light image which is ultimately received by a camera sensor.Light production in the interface occurs when high energy electrons strike a phosphor or scintillator. Resolution is limited by electron scattering and absorption. For a constant resolution, more energy deposition occurs in denser phosphors (Figure 1). In this respect, high density x-ray phosphors such as Gd2O2S are better than ZnS based cathode ray tube phosphors. Scintillating fiber optics can be used instead of a discrete phosphor layer. The resolution of scintillating fiber optics that are used in x-ray imaging exceed 20 1p/mm and can be made very large. An example of a digital TEM image using a scintillating fiber optic plate is shown in Figure 2.

Ionic homeostasis and subcellular element compartmentation

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-151
Author(s):  
Ann LeFurgey ◽  
Peter Ingram ◽  
J.J. Blum ◽  
M.C. Carney ◽  
L.A. Hawkey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leishmania Major ◽  
Ionic Homeostasis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Functional Studies ◽  
Cell Compartments ◽  
X Ray Imaging ◽  
Resolution Electron ◽  
Multiple Cell ◽  
Role Of Zn

Subcellular compartments commonly identified and analyzed by high resolution electron probe x-ray microanalysis (EPXMA) include mitochondria, cytoplasm and endoplasmic or sarcoplasmic reticulum. These organelles and cell regions are of primary importance in regulation of cell ionic homeostasis. Correlative structural-functional studies, based on the static probe method of EPXMA combined with biochemical and electrophysiological techniques, have focused on the role of these organelles, for example, in maintaining cell calcium homeostasis or in control of excitation-contraction coupling. New methods of real time quantitative x-ray imaging permit simultaneous examination of multiple cell compartments, especially those areas for which both membrane transport properties and element content are less well defined, e.g. nuclei including euchromatin and heterochromatin, lysosomes, mucous granules, storage vacuoles, microvilli. Investigations currently in progress have examined the role of Zn-containing polyphosphate vacuoles in the metabolism of Leishmania major, the distribution of Na, K, S and other elements during anoxia in kidney cell nuclel and lysosomes; the content and distribution of S and Ca in mucous granules of cystic fibrosis (CF) nasal epithelia; the uptake of cationic probes by mltochondria in cultured heart ceils; and the junctional sarcoplasmic retlculum (JSR) in frog skeletal muscle.

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