scholarly journals Data science ethics in government

2016 ◽  
Vol 374 (2083) ◽  
pp. 20160119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cat Drew
Keyword(s):  
Data Science ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Ethical Framework ◽  
Social Good ◽  
Science Ethics ◽  
Policy Goals ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Government Data ◽  
The Government

Data science can offer huge opportunities for government. With the ability to process larger and more complex datasets than ever before, it can provide better insights for policymakers and make services more tailored and efficient. As with all new technologies, there is a risk that we do not take up its opportunities and miss out on its enormous potential. We want people to feel confident to innovate with data. So, over the past 18 months, the Government Data Science Partnership has taken an open, evidence-based and user-centred approach to creating an ethical framework. It is a practical document that brings all the legal guidance together in one place, and is written in the context of new data science capabilities. As part of its development, we ran a public dialogue on data science ethics, including deliberative workshops, an experimental conjoint survey and an online engagement tool. The research supported the principles set out in the framework as well as provided useful insight into how we need to communicate about data science. It found that people had a low awareness of the term ‘data science’, but that showing data science examples can increase broad support for government exploring innovative uses of data. But people's support is highly context driven. People consider acceptability on a case-by-case basis, first thinking about the overall policy goals and likely intended outcome, and then weighing up privacy and unintended consequences. The ethical framework is a crucial start, but it does not solve all the challenges it highlights, particularly as technology is creating new challenges and opportunities every day. Continued research is needed into data minimization and anonymization, robust data models, algorithmic accountability, and transparency and data security. It also has revealed the need to set out a renewed deal between the citizen and state on data, to maintain and solidify trust in how we use people's data for social good. This article is part of the themed issue ‘The ethical impact of data science’.

scholarly journals Qi Zhou: the coming of age in China's stem-cell research and regenerative medicine

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 550-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Stem Cell Research ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Coming Of Age ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Global Leader ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
The Government ◽  
Medical Advances

Abstract Between 2011 and 2015, China invested about 3 billion yuan (US$435 million) on stem-cell research and regenerative medicine. This has led to major scientific breakthroughs, solidifying the country's role as a global leader in this field. Last September, China launched another major programm called Stem Cells and Transfer Research — with a similar budget over five years but focusing more on clinical applications. Many see this as a golden opportunity to catalyse significant medical advances, providing relief for patients with conditions such as Parkinson's Disease and macular degeneration. NSR recently talked to Qi Zhou, a leading stem-cell researcher at CAS’s Institute of Zoology in Beijing, about recent research progress, China's challenges and opportunities, how the government is trying to tighten the regulation and why we must move forward cautiously when applying new technologies, such as gene editing and mitochondria replacement therapy, in a clinical setting.

scholarly journals The hidden assumptions in public engagement: A case study of engaging on ethics in government data analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-190
Author(s):  
Emily S Rempel ◽  
Julie Barnett ◽  
Hannah Durrant
Keyword(s):  
Public Engagement ◽  
Data Science ◽  
Advisory Group ◽  
Final Report ◽  
Public Dialogue ◽  
Science Ethics ◽  
Stakeholder Interests ◽  
Government Data ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
The Uk

This study examines the hidden assumptions around running public-engagement exercises in government. We study an example of public engagement on the ethics of combining and analysing data in national government – often called data science ethics. We study hidden assumptions, drawing on hidden curriculum theories in education research, as it allows us to identify conscious and unconscious underlying processes related to conducting public engagement that may impact results. Through participation in the 2016 Public Dialogue for Data Science Ethics in the UK, four key themes were identified that exposed underlying publicengagement norms. First, that organizers had constructed a strong imagined public as neither overly critical nor supportive, which they used to find and engage participants. Second, that official aims of the engagement, such as including publics in developing ethical data regulations, were overshadowed by underlying meta-objectives, such as counteracting public fears. Third, that advisory group members, organizers and publics understood the term 'engagement' in varying ways, from creating interest to public inclusion. And finally, that stakeholder interests, particularly government hopes for a positive report, influenced what was written in the final report. Reflection on these underlying mechanisms, such as the development of meta-objectives that seek to benefit government and technical stakeholders rather than publics, suggests that the practice of public engagement can, in fact, shut down opportunities for meaningful public dialogue.

scholarly journals Open Government Data: Fostering Innovation

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Bedini ◽  
Feroz Farazi ◽  
David Leoni ◽  
Juan Pane ◽  
Ivan Tankoyeu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Of Innovation ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Public Information ◽  
Heterogeneous Data ◽  
Data Reuse ◽  
Operational Mode ◽  
Open Government Data ◽  
Government Data ◽  
The Government

The provision of public information contributes to the enrichment and enhancement of the data produced by the government as part of its activities, and the transformation of heterogeneous data into information and knowledge. This process of opening changes the operational mode of public administrations, leveraging the data management, encouraging savings and especially in promoting the development of services in subsidiary and collaborative form between public and private entities. The demand for new services also promotes renewed entrepreneurship centred on responding to new social and territorial needs through new technologies. In this sense we speak of Open Data as an enabling infrastructure for the development of innovation and as an instrument to the development and diffusion of Innovation and Communications Technology (ICT) in the public system as well as creating space for innovation for businesses, particularly SMEs, based on the exploitation of information assets of the territory. The Open Data Trentino Project has initiated and fosters the process of opening of public information and develops as a natural consequence of this process of openness, the creation of innovative services for and with the citizens. In this paper we present how our project acts on long-chain, from raw data till reusable meaningful and scalable knowledge base that leads to the production of data reuse through the implementation of services that will enhance and transform the data into information capable of responding to specific questions efficiency and innovation.

scholarly journals Serbian civilian capacities for peace operations: Untapped potential

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-183
Author(s):  
Marko Milošević
Keyword(s):  
International Organizations ◽  
Human Resources Management ◽  
Foreign Affairs ◽  
Peace Operations ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
Policy Goals ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Military ◽  
Further Development

This article examines Serbia's capacities to participate in civilian peace operations, including the analysis of legislation regulating international cooperation and contribution to peace operations. Furthermore, based on interviews with representatives of various institutions, it also addresses the key practical challenges that these institutions are currently facing in civilian contribution. It examines the roles of relevant stakeholders, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the military and the police, with potential participants from other branches of government also included in this analysis. The research sample also included local persons working by contract for international organizations in Serbia, in order to examine the capacities they possess. Several challenges and opportunities for further development of existing frameworks were detected therein. Initial interest expressed by various 'civil' ministries to contribute to peace operations (Ministry of Foreign Trade, Ministry of Justice) could contribute to building of CIVCAP. Also, existing institutions, such as Office for cooperation with CSOs and Governmental Department of Human Resources Management could be easily turned into rosters of potential candidates for peace operations. The article argues that a huge potential exists in Serbia, however, its adequate use is prevented by the lack of clear foreign policy goals and coherent government policy. In this regard, the article recommends the government to increase the existing training capacities, coordinate the efforts of various stakeholders and establish two potential rosters of experts.

scholarly journals Design for data ethics: using service design approaches to operationalize ethical principles on four projects

2018 ◽  
Vol 376 (2128) ◽  
pp. 20170353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cat Drew
Keyword(s):  
Data Science ◽  
Service Design ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Social Good ◽  
Ethics Framework ◽  
Ethical Frameworks ◽  
Data Ethics ◽  
Use Of Data ◽  
Government Data ◽  
Guidance Needs

Ethical frameworks provide helpful guidance about what you should—and should not—do in relation to data projects. But they do not provide definitive yes/no answers about what an ethical data project is or is not. Indeed, research (Ipsos-MORI 2015 Public dialogue into the ethics of data science in government) conducted for the initial development of the Government's Data Ethics Framework shows that the public does not hold any clear red lines; rather, they make nuanced assessments based on a number of variables, including public good and privacy. Ethical frameworks provide a list of these variables to consider in shaping the form of the work. Some are now starting to provide more practical tools and guidance to reshape data projects and push it along those variables into a more ethical space. Alongside technical tools, service design approaches can help enhance the degree to which a data project is ethical, and provides a toolkit for data scientists, analysts and policymakers to take projects from ‘what should we do’ to ‘how can we do it’. This paper sets out the emergence of data science ethical frameworks within the context of the use of data for social good, and—with the recent release of the updated UK Government Data Ethics Framework—shows the recognition more practical guidance needs to be provided. The author then argues that service design approaches provide a helpful ‘wrap around’ for data projects, and draws on experience in using service design tools on four projects, as well as wider examples. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue ‘The growing ubiquity of algorithms in society: implications, impacts and innovations’.

Financial and Economic Support of Innovation Processes in the Russian Fuel and Energy Complex

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 77-85
Author(s):  
L. D. Kapranova ◽  
T. V. Pogodina
Keyword(s):  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Oil Reserves ◽  
Energy Complex ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Substantial Investment ◽  
The Government

The subject of the research is the current state of the fuel and energy complex (FEC) that ensures generation of a significant part of the budget and the innovative development of the economy.The purpose of the research was to establish priority directions for the development of the FEC sectors based on a comprehensive analysis of their innovative and investment activities. The dynamics of investment in the fuel and energy sector are considered. It is noted that large-scale modernization of the fuel and energy complex requires substantial investment and support from the government. The results of the government programs of corporate innovative development are analyzed. The results of the research identified innovative development priorities in the power, oil, gas and coal sectors of the fuel and energy complex. The most promising areas of innovative development in the oil and gas sector are the technologies of enhanced oil recovery; the development of hard-to-recover oil reserves; the production of liquefied natural gas and its transportation. In the power sector, the prospective areas are activities aimed at improving the performance reliability of the national energy systems and the introduction of digital technologies. Based on the research findings, it is concluded that the innovation activities in the fuel and energy complex primarily include the development of new technologies, modernization of the FEC technical base; adoption of state-of-the-art methods of coal mining and oil recovery; creating favorable economic conditions for industrial extraction of hard-to-recover reserves; transition to carbon-free fuel sources and energy carriers that can reduce energy consumption and cost as well as reducing the negative FEC impact on the environment.

Artificial Intelligence as a Technological Innovation to Accelerate Economic Development

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 125-133
Author(s):  
S. V. Shchurina ◽  
A. S. Danilov
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Retail Trade ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Technological Gap ◽  
The Government

The subject of the research is the introduction of artificial intelligence as a technological innovation into the Russian economic development. The relevance of the problem is due to the fact that the Russian market of artificial intelligence is still in the infancy and the necessity to bridge the current technological gap between Russia and the leading economies of the world is coming to the forefront. The financial sector, the manufacturing industry and the retail trade are the drivers of the artificial intelligence development. However, company managers in Russia are not prepared for the practical application of expensive artificial intelligence technologies. Under these circumstances, the challenge is to develop measures to support high-tech projects of small and medium-sized businesses, given that the technological innovation considered can accelerate the development of the Russian economy in the energy sector fully or partially controlled by the government as well as in the military-industrial complex and the judicial system.The purposes of the research were to examine the current state of technological innovations in the field of artificial intelligence in the leading countries and Russia and develop proposals for improving the AI application in the Russian practices.The paper concludes that the artificial intelligence is a breakthrough technology with a great application potential. Active promotion of the artificial intelligence in companies significantly increases their efficiency, competitiveness, develops industry markets, stimulates introduction of new technologies, improves product quality and scales up manufacturing. In general, the artificial intelligence gives a new impetus to the development of Russia and facilitates its entry into the five largest world’s economies.

RURAL TOURISM IN INDIA CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (26) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pankaj Sharma ◽  
Ravi Parkash
Keyword(s):  
Private Sector ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Economic Condition ◽  
Rural Tourism ◽  
Rural Location ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Political Background ◽  
The Government

The paper analyze the role of rural tourism for the development of rural areas, The study analyzed how the different types of tourist product diversifications influence the development possibilities of studied rural areas in India. The government should sponsor private Sector to promote tourism in rural areas. For upgrading the rural tourism government requires to understand the rural location, demography, socio-culture, financial and political background of that area. How we can involve the rural citizens to improve their socio-economic condition. The objective of this paper is to present an update on rural tourism expansion and development in India. Rural tourism is rising in terms of number of visitors and the government of India should focus on it as an engine of growth

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