X-ray tomography and three-dimensional image analysis of epoxy-glass syntactic foams

2005 ◽  
Vol 364 (1838) ◽  
pp. 69-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Maire ◽  
Nelly Gimenez ◽  
Valérie Sauvant-Moynot ◽  
Henry Sautereau
Keyword(s):  
Size Distribution ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Hollow Spheres ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Internal Diameter ◽  
Syntactic Foams ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Dimensional Image ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Good Agreement

Syntactic foams (glass hollow spheres embedded in an epoxy matrix) were produced on purpose to be used as test materials for the present study. Two kinds of spheres (MS1 and MS2) were adjoined to a same polymer matrix, MS1 with a volume fraction of 55 and MS2 with 30 and 55%. The samples were analysed by X-ray tomography using synchrotron radiation. The three-dimensional images were used to observe the qualitative differences between the three samples. Three-dimensional image processing was then carried out to quantify the differences. The images were used to retrieve the fraction of the different phases which was in fairly good agreement with the expected values. The external and internal diameter of the spheres and their thickness were also measured. The MS1 spheres are smaller, thicker and their size distribution is less homogeneous compared to the MS2. The size distribution of the spheres before blowing was retrieved and evidenced to be similar for the two kinds of spheres. The thickness depends only weakly on the diameter of the spheres.

Secondary Fluorescence of 3D Heterogeneous Materials Using a Hybrid Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 484-496
Author(s):  
Yu Yuan ◽  
Hendrix Demers ◽  
Xianglong Wang ◽  
Raynald Gauvin
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo Simulation ◽  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Analytical Model ◽  
Hybrid Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Heterogeneous Materials ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Monte Carlo Method ◽  
Secondary Fluorescence ◽  
Good Agreement

AbstractIn electron probe microanalysis or scanning electron microscopy, the Monte Carlo method is widely used for modeling electron transport within specimens and calculating X-ray spectra. For an accurate simulation, the calculation of secondary fluorescence (SF) is necessary, especially for samples with complex geometries. In this study, we developed a program, using a hybrid model that combines the Monte Carlo simulation with an analytical model, to perform SF correction for three-dimensional (3D) heterogeneous materials. The Monte Carlo simulation is performed using MC X-ray, a Monte Carlo program, to obtain the 3D primary X-ray distribution, which becomes the input of the analytical model. The voxel-based calculation of MC X-ray enables the model to be applicable to arbitrary samples. We demonstrate the derivation of the analytical model in detail and present the 3D X-ray distributions for both primary and secondary fluorescence to illustrate the capability of our program. Examples for non-diffusion couples and spherical inclusions inside matrices are shown. The results of our program are compared with experimental data from references and with results from other Monte Carlo codes. They are found to be in good agreement.

X-Ray Microtomography of an Astm C109 Mortar Exposed to Sulfate Attack

1994 ◽  
Vol 370 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.P. Bentz ◽  
Nicos. S. Martys ◽  
P. Stutzman ◽  
M. S. Levenson ◽  
E.J. Garboczi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cement Paste ◽  
Sodium Sulfate ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Sulfate Solution ◽  
Sulfate Attack ◽  
Sodium Sulfate Solution ◽  
Mortar Sample ◽  
Air Voids ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Dimensional Image

AbstractX-ray microtomography can be used to generate three-dimensional 5123 images of random materials at a resolution of a few micrometers per voxel. This technique has been used to obtain an image of an ASTM C109 mortar sample that had been exposed to a sodium sulfate solution. The three-dimensional image clearly shows sand grains, cement paste, air voids, cracks, and needle-like crystals growing in the air voids. Volume fractions of sand and cement paste determined from the image agree well with the known quantities. Implications for the study of microstructure and proposed uses of X-ray microtomography on cement-based composites are discussed.

Three-Dimensional Characterization of the Microstructure of Bioglass/Polyethylene Composite by X-Ray Microtomography

2007 ◽  
Vol 330-332 ◽  
pp. 503-506
Author(s):  
Xiao Wei Fu ◽  
Jie Huang ◽  
E.S. Thian ◽  
Serena Best ◽  
William Bonfield
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Polyethylene Composite ◽  
Bioactive Properties ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
3D Information

A Bioglass® reinforced polyethylene (Bioglass®/polyethylene) composite has been prepared, which combines the high bioactivity of Bioglass® and the toughness of polyethylene. The spatial distribution of Bioglass® particles within the composite is important for the performance of composites in-vivo. Recent developments in X-ray microtomography (XμT) have made it possible to visualize internal and microstructural details with different X-ray absorbencies, nondestructively, and to acquire 3D information at high spatial resolution. In this study, the volume fraction and 3D spatial distribution of Bioglass® particles has been acquired quantitatively by XμT. The information obtained provides a foundation for understanding the mechanical and bioactive properties of the Bioglass®/polyethylene composites.

scholarly journals Three-dimensional image based modelling of transport parameters in lithium–sulfur batteries

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 4145-4154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun Tan ◽  
Matthew D. R. Kok ◽  
Sohrab R. Daemi ◽  
Daniel J. L. Brett ◽  
Paul R. Shearing
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Transport Parameters ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Dimensional Image ◽  
Molecular Diffusivity ◽  
Lithium Sulfur Batteries ◽  
Sulfur Electrode ◽  
Lithium Sulfur

A sulfur electrode was imaged with X-ray micro and nano computed tomography for the modelling of effective molecular diffusivity and electrical conductivity through flux based simulations.

scholarly journals Image Reconstructions of Microtubules Decorated with Monomeric and Dimeric Kinesins: Comparison with X-Ray Structure and Implications for Motility

1998 ◽  
Vol 141 (2) ◽  
pp. 419-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Hoenger ◽  
S. Sack ◽  
M. Thormählen ◽  
A. Marx ◽  
J. Müller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Image Reconstruction ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Coiled Coil ◽  
Cryoelectron Microscopy ◽  
Short Neck ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Dimensional Image ◽  
Tubulin Subunit ◽  
Image Reconstructions

We have decorated microtubules with monomeric and dimeric kinesin constructs, studied their structure by cryoelectron microscopy and three-dimensional image reconstruction, and compared the results with the x-ray crystal structure of monomeric and dimeric kinesin. A monomeric kinesin construct (rK354, containing only a short neck helix insufficient for coiled-coil formation) decorates microtubules with a stoichiometry of one kinesin head per tubulin subunit (α–β-heterodimer). The orientation of the kinesin head (an anterograde motor) on the microtubule surface is similar to that of ncd (a retrograde motor). A longer kinesin construct (rK379) forms a dimer because of the longer neck helix forming a coiled-coil. Unexpectedly, this construct also decorates the microtubule with a stoichiometry of one head per tubulin subunit, and the orientation is similar to that of the monomeric construct. This means that the interaction with microtubules causes the two heads of a kinesin dimer to separate sufficiently so that they can bind to two different tubulin subunits. This result is in contrast to recent models and can be explained by assuming that the tubulin–kinesin interaction is antagonistic to the coiled-coil interaction within a kinesin dimer.

Three-dimensional magnetophotonic crystals based on artificial opals: fabrication and properties

2004 ◽  
Vol 834 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. V. Baryshev ◽  
T. Kodama ◽  
K. Nishimura ◽  
H. Uchida ◽  
M. Inoue
Keyword(s):  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Visible Region ◽  
Vibrating Sample Magnetometer ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Dramatic Decrease ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Magnetophotonic Crystals ◽  
Magnetophotonic Crystal ◽  
Structural And Magnetic Properties

ABSTRACTWe have fabricated three-dimensional magnetophotonic (3D MPCs) crystals based on artificial opals. Structural and magnetic properties of 3D MPCs were studied by field emission scanning electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction analysis, and vibrating sample magnetometer. It was shown that increase of volume fraction of magnetite in the opal lattice leads to a dramatic decrease of transmitted light intensity in the visible region. We also found considerable changes in the Faraday rotation inside the (111) photonic bandgap of an opal—magnetite magnetophotonic crystal.

scholarly journals Characterisation of Hybrid Metal Matrix Syntactic Foams

2015 ◽  
Vol 812 ◽  
pp. 219-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imre Norbert Orbulov ◽  
Kornél Májlinger
Keyword(s):  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Hollow Spheres ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Outer Diameter ◽  
Syntactic Foams ◽  
Compression Tests ◽  
Pressure Infiltration ◽  
Geometrical Properties

High quality aluminium matrix syntactic foams (AMSFs) were produced by pressure infiltration. This method can ensure the maximal volume fraction of the reinforcing hollow spheres and very low amount of unwanted or matrix porosities. By this method hybrid MMSFs with mixed metal and ceramic hollow spheres were also produced. The matrix material was AlSi12 alloy and two different types – produced by Hollomet GmbH in Germany – of hollow spheres were used: Globomet (GM) and Globocer (GC). The geometrical properties of the hollow spheres were similar (average outer diameter), but their base material was pure iron and Al2O3+SiO2 in the case of GM and GC hollow spheres respectively. The volume fraction of the reinforcing hollow spheres were maintained at ~65 vol%, but the ratio of them was altered in 20% steps (100% GM + 0% GC, 80% GM + 20% GC...). The results of the compression tests showed, that the compressive strength, yield strength, plateau strength, structural stiffness and the absorbed mechanical energy values increased with higher ceramic hollow sphere reinforcement ratio. The fracture strains of the investigated MMSFs decreased with the higher GC ratio. Generally the strength values also increased with higher diameter to height (H/D) ratio from H/D=1 to H/D=1.5 and 2.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document