Precision spectroscopy of hydrogen and femtosecond laser frequency combs

2005 ◽  
Vol 363 (1834) ◽  
pp. 2155-2163 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.W Hänsch ◽  
J Alnis ◽  
P Fendel ◽  
M Fischer ◽  
C Gohle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Femtosecond Laser ◽  
Frequency Comb ◽  
Structure Constant ◽  
Laser Frequency ◽  
Fine Structure Constant ◽  
Optical Frequency ◽  
Precision Spectroscopy ◽  
Frequency Combs ◽  
Two Photon ◽  
Optical Frequency Metrology

Precision spectroscopy of the simple hydrogen atom has inspired dramatic advances in optical frequency metrology: femtosecond laser optical frequency comb synthesizers have revolutionized the precise measurement of optical frequencies, and they provide a reliable clock mechanism for optical atomic clocks. Precision spectroscopy of the hydrogen 1S–2S two-photon resonance has reached an accuracy of 1.4 parts in 10 14 , and considerable future improvements are envisioned. Such laboratory experiments are setting new limits for possible slow variations of the fine structure constant α and the magnetic moment of the caesium nucleus μ Cs in units of the Bohr magneton μ B .

scholarly journals Optical Frequency Comb Generation based on Erbium Fiber Lasers

Nanophotonics ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Droste ◽  
Gabriel Ycas ◽  
Brian R. Washburn ◽  
Ian Coddington ◽  
Nathan R. Newbury
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Comb ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Laser Frequency ◽  
Optical Frequency ◽  
Laser Amplifier ◽  
Optical Frequency Combs ◽  
Frequency Combs ◽  
Comb Generation ◽  
Optical Frequency Metrology ◽  
Frequency Metrology

AbstractOptical frequency combs have revolutionized optical frequency metrology and are being actively investigated in a number of applications outside of pure optical frequency metrology. For reasons of cost, robustness, performance, and flexibility, the erbium fiber laser frequency comb has emerged as the most commonly used frequency comb system and many different designs of erbium fiber frequency combs have been demonstrated. We review the different approaches taken in the design of erbium fiber frequency combs, including the major building blocks of the underlying mode-locked laser, amplifier, supercontinuum generation and actuators for stabilization of the frequency comb.

scholarly journals A broadband chip-scale optical frequency synthesizer at 2.7 × 10−16 relative uncertainty

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. e1501489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu-Wei Huang ◽  
Jinghui Yang ◽  
Mingbin Yu ◽  
Bart H. McGuyer ◽  
Dim-Lee Kwong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Frequency Synthesizer ◽  
Frequency Comb ◽  
Laser Frequency ◽  
Optical Frequency ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Precision Spectroscopy ◽  
Optical Frequency Combs ◽  
Frequency Combs

Optical frequency combs—coherent light sources that connect optical frequencies with microwave oscillations—have become the enabling tool for precision spectroscopy, optical clockwork, and attosecond physics over the past decades. Current benchmark systems are self-referenced femtosecond mode-locked lasers, but Kerr nonlinear dynamics in high-Q solid-state microresonators has recently demonstrated promising features as alternative platforms. The advance not only fosters studies of chip-scale frequency metrology but also extends the realm of optical frequency combs. We report the full stabilization of chip-scale optical frequency combs. The microcomb’s two degrees of freedom, one of the comb lines and the native 18-GHz comb spacing, are simultaneously phase-locked to known optical and microwave references. Active comb spacing stabilization improves long-term stability by six orders of magnitude, reaching a record instrument-limited residual instability of 3.6mHz/τ. Comparing 46 nitride frequency comb lines with a fiber laser frequency comb, we demonstrate the unprecedented microcomb tooth-to-tooth relative frequency uncertainty down to 50 mHz and 2.7 × 10−16, heralding novel solid-state applications in precision spectroscopy, coherent communications, and astronomical spectrography.

scholarly journals Planck frequencies as Schelling points in SETI

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 446-455
Author(s):  
Jason T. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Fine Structure ◽  
Cooperative Game ◽  
Frequency Comb ◽  
Structure Constant ◽  
Fine Structure Constant ◽  
Electromagnetic Spectrum ◽  
Frequency Combs ◽  
Planck Energy ◽  
Better Than

AbstractIn SETI, when searching for ‘beacons’ – transmissions intended for us and meant to get our attention – one must guess the appropriate frequency to search by considering what frequencies would be universally obvious to other species. This is a well-known concept in game theory, where such solutions to a non-communicative cooperative game (such as a mutual search) are called ‘Schelling points’. It is noteworthy, therefore, that when developing his eponymous units, Planck called them ‘natural’ because they ‘remain meaningful for all times and also for extraterrestrial and non-human cultures’. Here, I apply Planck's suggestion in the context of Schelling points in SETI with a ‘Planck Frequency Comb’, constructed by multiplying the Planck energy by integer powers of the fine structure constant. This comb includes a small number of frequencies in regions of the electromagnetic spectrum where laser and radio SETI typically operates. Searches might proceed and individual teeth in the comb, or at many teeth at once, across the electromagnetic spectrum. Indeed, the latter strategy can be additionally justified by the transmitter's desire to signal at many frequencies at once, to improve the chances that the receiver will guess one of them correctly. There are many arbitrary and anthropocentric choices in this comb's construction, and indeed one can construct several different frequency combs with only minor and arbitrary modifications. This suggests that it may be fruitful to search for signals arriving in frequency combs of arbitrary spacing. And even though the frequencies suggested here are only debatably ‘better’ than others proposed, the addition of the Planck Frequency Comb to the list of ‘magic frequencies’ can only help searches for extraterrestrial beacons.

scholarly journals Broadband and high resolution measurements of cavity loss and dispersion

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominik Andrzej Charczun ◽  
Grzegorz Kowzan ◽  
Agata Cygan ◽  
Ryszard S. Trawiński ◽  
Daniel Lisak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Frequency Comb ◽  
Optical Cavity ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Optical Loss ◽  
Laser Frequency ◽  
Optical Frequency Comb ◽  
Optical Frequency ◽  
Frequency Combs ◽  
Fourier Transform Spectrometry

We present a method for broadband measurements of dispersion and loss of an optical cavity. We employ an optical frequency comb directly coupled into a cavity to scan the cavity modes and retrieve their shapes and positions. The measurement data is acquired using instrumental-line-shape-free Fourier transform spectrometry. This method can be developed into a powerful tool for optical loss and dispersion measurements for broadband characterization of optical elements as well as absorption and dispersion spectroscopy. Full Text: PDF ReferencesTh. Udem, R. Holzwarth, T.W. Hänsch, "Optical Frequency Metrology", Nature 416, 233–237 (2002). CrossRef R.A. McCracken, J.M. Charsley, D.T. Reid "A decade of astrocombs: recent advances in frequency combs for astronomy", Optics Express 25, 13, 15058-15078 (2017). CrossRef M.J. Thorpe, D. Balslev-Clausen, M.S. Kirchner, J. Ye, "Cavity-enhanced optical frequency comb spectroscopy: application to human breath analysis", Optics Express 16, 4, 2387-2397 (2008). CrossRef J. Domysławska et al., "Cavity ring-down spectroscopy of the oxygen B-band with absolute frequency reference to the optical frequency comb", The Journal of Chemical Physics 136, 024201 (2012). CrossRef P. Masłowski K.C. Cossel, A. Foltynowicz, J. Ye., "Cavity-Enhanced Direct Frequency Comb Spectroscopy", in G. Gagliardi and H.-P. Loock, "Cavity-Enhanced Spectroscopy and Sensing", Springer (2014). CrossRef L. Rutkowski et al., "Sensitive and broadband measurement of dispersion in a cavity using a Fourier transform spectrometer with kHz resolution", Optics Express Vol. 25, Issue 18, pp. 21711-21718 (2017). CrossRef E.D. Black, "An introduction to Pound-Drever-Hall laser frequency stabilization", American Journal of Physics 69, 79 (2001) CrossRef A. Cygan et al., "One-dimensional frequency-based spectroscopy", Optics Express. 23, 14472. 10.1364 ( 2015). CrossRef P. Masłowski et al., "Surpassing the path-limited resolution of Fourier-transform spectrometry with frequency combs", Phys. Rev. A 93, 021802(R) (2016). CrossRef L. Rutkowski, P. Masłowski, A.C. Johansson, A. Khodabakhsh, A. Foltynowicz, "Optical frequency comb Fourier transform spectroscopy with sub-nominal resolution and precision beyond the Voigt profile", Jour. of Quant. Spect. and Rad. Trans., 204, 63-73 (2018). CrossRef S. Schiller, "Spectrometry with frequency combs," Opt. Lett. 27, 766-768 (2002). CrossRef A. Cygan et al., "Absolute molecular transitions frequencies measured by three cavity-enhanced spectroscopy techniques" J. Chem. Phys. 144 214202-1-214202-11 (2016). CrossRef I.E. Gordon et al., "The HITRAN2016 Molecular Spectroscopic Database", J. Quant. Spect. Radiat. Trans. (2017). CrossRef

Fiber-based laser frequency combs

2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 697-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Soboń ◽  
K.M. Abramski
Keyword(s):  
Laser Physics ◽  
Fiber Lasers ◽  
Frequency Comb ◽  
Laser Frequency ◽  
Optical Frequency Comb ◽  
Optical Frequency ◽  
Optical Frequency Combs ◽  
Frequency Combs

Abstract For the last decade a very attractive field of laser physics, namely the optical frequency comb technique, has been intensively developed. Fiber lasers play particular role in that area. The motivation of their development is obtaining broadband comb systems with well-defined and stable mods (comb teeth). This paper presents a basic overview devoted to the fiber-based optical frequency combs.

PRECISION SPECTROSCOPY OF HYDROGEN AND FEMTOSECOND LASER FREQUENCY COMBS

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
TH. UDEM ◽  
P. FENDEL ◽  
M. FISCHER ◽  
N. KOLACHEVSKY ◽  
J. ALNIS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Femtosecond Laser ◽  
Laser Frequency ◽  
Precision Spectroscopy ◽  
Frequency Combs
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