scholarly journals Resting oxygen consumption varies among lactate dehydrogenase genotypes in the sow bug, Porcellio scaber

1997 ◽  
Vol 264 (1387) ◽  
pp. 1543-1546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffry B. Mitton ◽  
Patrick A. Carter ◽  
Adam Digiacomo
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Porcellio Scaber

Der Sauerstoffverbrauch und der Gehalt an Ca, Cu und einigen anderen Spurenelementen bei terrestrischen Asseln

1961 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 816-819 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Wieser
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Copper Content ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Porcellio Scaber ◽  
High Copper ◽  
High Copper Content

The oxygen consumption and the content of Ca, Cu, K, Sr, Zn, Fe, P and Mg was determined in several terrestric isopods. Porcellio scaber, Syspastus brevicornis and the three species of Armadillidium investigated display significant differences in their calcium contents and there is an inverse relationship between the latter and the oxygen consumption of the animals at 20 °C. The Qo2 of S. brevicornis is 13 ± 3.5 mm3/g/hr, the lowest ever recorded for a crustacean at 20 °C. The copper content of the isopods is high and suggests the presence of hemocyanin. It is highest in a population of P. scaber from Cornwall, England, where it amounts to approximately 0,1% of the dry weight of the animals. Most of the copper is present in the four hepatic tubules (hepatopancreas) which, in one sample from the population mentioned above, contained 1.4% copper, the highest value ever found in an invertebrate. The Qo2 of animals with more or less filled gut seems to be higher in the population with the high copper content, whereas in animals with half empty or empty gut the oxygen consumption is the same in the three populations of P. scaber studied.

DYNAMICS OF A LACTATE DEHYDROGENASE POLYMORPHISM IN THE WOOD LOUSE PORCELLIO SCABER LATR.: EVIDENCE FOR PARTIAL ASSORTATIVE MATING AND HETEROSIS IN NATURAL POPULATIONS

Genetics ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 591-609
Author(s):  
Clay Sassaman
Keyword(s):  
Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Gene Frequency ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Temporal Stability ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Mendelian Inheritance ◽  
Porcellio Scaber ◽  
Frequency Distributions ◽  
Male Gametes ◽  
Offspring Genotype

ABSTRACT Electrophoretic separation of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) of Porcellio scaber from 14 natural populations in California, and one each in Oregon, Delaware and Massachusetts, indicates a biallelic polymorphism. Phenotypes are recovered from laboratory matings of virgin females in frequencies agreeing with simple Mendelian inheritance, and the frequency distributions of phenotypes in natural populations are typically in agreement with the appropriate Hardy-Weinberg distributions for these same populations. The same allele predominates in all natural populations examined. Temporal stability within populations suggests that the polymorphism is at, or near, equilibrium. The spatial distribution of allele frequencies, however, is apparently mosaic. Abrupt discontinuities in gene frequency over short distances (50 m to 1 km) suggest that interpopulation migration is insufficient to swamp local differences in gene frequency. Analysis of the transmission dynamics of the polymorphism in natural populations using mother-offspring genotype comparisons suggests that the allelic frequencies of transmitted male gametes are not independent of female genotype. Specifically, the observed mating scheme in natural populations appears to be partially assortative. Comparisons of progeny genotype distributions with yearling (or adult) genotype distributions from the same populations indicate a superior post-partum viability of heterozygous individuals relative to homozygotes. The distortion of progeny genotypic distributions created by assortment is thus apparently counteracted by subsequent heterosis.

Terrestrial life in isopods: evolutionary loss of gas-exchange and survival capability in water

1993 ◽  
Vol 71 (7) ◽  
pp. 1372-1378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara E. Taylor ◽  
Thomas H. Carefoot
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Porcellio Scaber ◽  
Progressive Decline ◽  
Terrestrial Species ◽  
Terrestrial Isopods ◽  
Armadillidium Vulgare ◽  
Terrestrial Life

Survival and oxygen uptake in air and water were investigated in four species of terrestrial isopods, Armadillidium vulgare Latreille, 1804, Porcellio scaber Latreille, 1804, Oniscus asellus Linné, 1758, and Ligia pallasii Brandt, 1833, to compare the degree of vestigial adaptation to aquatic existence versus adaptation to terrestrial existence. Most submerged A. vulgare, P. scaber, and O. asellus died by 18 h, whether in fresh water or isosmotic seawater. Ligia pallasii lived for almost 2 d in fresh water and for at least 25 d in seawater (none died during this time). Oxygen uptake in water was 44 – 66% that in air for the three fully terrestrial species, and 160% that in air for the semiterrestrial L. pallasii. Oxygen consumption of submerged A. vulgare (representative of fully terrestrial forms) declined to 50% after 14 h and to 17% by 24 h, by which time the animals were clinically dead. In comparison, L. pallasii's aquatic oxygen consumption was maintained at normal or higher levels for at least 3 d. All species could survive several hours of immersion in fresh water, sufficient to withstand temporary rain deluge. Ligia pallasii's superior capabilities to survive and respire in seawater reflect its greater similarity to aquatic ancestors, and an evolutionary series showing progressive decline in survival and gas-exchange capability in water would be as follows: L. pallasii > O. asellus > P. scaber ≥ A. vulgare.

scholarly journals The dissociation of exocytosis and respiratory stimulation in leucocytes by ionophores

1976 ◽  
Vol 156 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Zabucchi ◽  
D Romeo
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Ionophore A23187 ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Leucocytes ◽  
Free Medium ◽  
Alkali Cations ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Bivalent Cations ◽  
Respiratory Stimulation ◽  
Stimulation Of

By exploiting the unique characteristics of three ionophores, experimental conditions were found which permit the dissociation of respiratory stimulation from secretion in polymorphonuclear leucocytes. A marked stimulation of respiration was produced by ionophore X537A, which binds and transports both alkali-earth and alkali cations. The stimulatory activity of this ionophore was the same at either high or low Na+/K+ ratios in the medium and was virtually unaffected by extracellular Ca2+. A slight stimulation of oxygen consumption was also caused by the K+-selective ionophore valinomycin and by ionophore A23187, which complexes and transfers bivalent cations. Ionophore X537A and valinomycin were unable to stimulate selective release of granuleassociated β-glucuronidase and gradually increased cell fragility, as monitored by increased leakage of lactate dehydrogenase. Ionophore A23187 slightly increased exocytosis of β-glucuronidase. In a Mg2+-free medium, Ca2+, added simultaneously with ionophore A23187, greatly enhanced respiration and secretion of the granule enzyme. If Ca2+ was added a few minutes after the ionophore, exocytosis occurred, but no respiratory burst was observed. If the latter experiment was repeated in the presence of extracellular Mg2+, both secretion and respiration were stimulated. This effect was not produced by Mn2+ or Ba2+. It is proposed that Ca2+ is required for triggering selective secretion of granule enzymes from leucocytes is caused by an intracellular redistribution of cations, which may invovle Mg2+-dependent mechanisms.

Factors affecting oxygen consumption in the woodlouse Porcellio scaber latr

Oecologia ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. Newell ◽  
W. Wieser ◽  
V. I. Pye
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Porcellio Scaber ◽  
Factors Affecting

Serum Lactate Dehydrogenase Isoenzyme 1 and Relapse in Patients with Nonseminomatous Testicular Germ Cell Tumors Clinical Stage I

2001 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 536-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Finn Edler von Eyben ◽  
Ebbe Lindegaard Madsen ◽  
Ole Blaabjerg ◽  
Per Hyltoft Petersen ◽  
Hans von der Maase ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Germ Cell ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Germ Cell Tumors ◽  
Serum Lactate ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Serum Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Testicular Germ Cell Tumors ◽  
Testicular Germ Cell ◽  
Dehydrogenase Isoenzyme
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