scholarly journals Ultrasonic-enhanced replacement of lead in lead hydrometallurgy process from lead leaching solution

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 190042 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huimin Xie ◽  
Libo Zhang ◽  
Haoyu Li ◽  
Shiwei Li ◽  
Kaihua Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Solution Concentration ◽  
Replacement Rate ◽  
Replacement Process ◽  
Ultrasonic Assisted ◽  
Leaching Solution ◽  
Lead Leaching ◽  
Ultrasonic Conditions ◽  
Replacement Time

In this paper, ultrasonic-enhanced replacement of lead by zinc in lead leaching solution was studied. The effects of reaction time, rotational speed, temperature, concentration of leaching solution and the ratio of the surface area of the zinc plate immersed in the leaching solution to the volume of leaching solution (S : V) were studied under both conventional and ultrasonic conditions. The optimum ultrasonic-assisted replacement conditions were as follows: the S : V of 0.04 (4 cm 2 100 ml −1 ), reaction temperature of 30°C, replacement time of 30 min and the concentration of leaching solution is 5 g l −1 , leading to a lead replacement rate of 94.84%. Compared with the conventional replacement process, the reaction time of ultrasonic-enhanced substitution could be reduced to one half, and the demand of reaction temperature, leaching solution concentration and other conditions were decreased accordingly. Introducing ultrasonic into the replacement reaction is promising to reduce the energy consumption in the hydrometallurgical industry also caters to the demands of environment protection.

Extracting Copper from the Ammonia Leaching Solution of Waste Copper-Covered Iron Needle

2014 ◽  
Vol 955-959 ◽  
pp. 2785-2789
Author(s):  
Yong Liang ◽  
Ru Dan Lin ◽  
Bao Lin Wen ◽  
Dou Dou Guo ◽  
Yu Cheng Liu
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Solution Concentration ◽  
Phase Ratio ◽  
Extraction Percentage ◽  
Leaching Solution ◽  
Ammonia Leaching

A novel process was proposed to extract copper from the ammonia leaching solution of copper-covered iron needle. Under the condition of the content of P507 50%, phase ratio 1:2, reaction time 1min, room temperature, the extraction percentage of copper can reach 98%. Under the condition of H2SO4concentration 3mol•L-1, phase ratio 3:1, reaction time 1min and room temperature, the total stripping percentage of copper can reach 99%, and the stripping solution concentration was 60g•L-1. The qualified CuSO4•5H2O product was obtained after evaporating and crystallizing from the solution.

Effect of Microwave with Ultrasonic on the Morphology and Particle Size of (Y,Eu)2 O3 Precursor

2011 ◽  
Vol 347-353 ◽  
pp. 3981-3984
Author(s):  
Qing Yun Zeng ◽  
Qing Qing Chang ◽  
Xin Yu Ye
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Ageing Time ◽  
Preparation Conditions ◽  
Ultrasonic Assisted ◽  
The One ◽  
Co Precipitation ◽  
Average Size ◽  
The Ideal

The (Y,Eu)2O3 precursor prepared by microwave with ultrasonic-assisted co-precipitation is superior to the one prepared by co-precipitation of conventional approach as well as co-precipitation assisted by microwave. The effect of preparation conditions on the morphology and particle size of (Y,Eu)2O3 precursor was completely investigated in this study. The ideal conditions were optimized as 0.25M Ln3+ ions concentration, 80°C reaction temperature, 90 minutes reaction time and 0 minute ageing time. Consequently, the (Y,Eu)2O3 precursor in the needle-like shape with average size of 0.25μm in diameter was obtained. The possible mechanism was also presented.

Study on Chlorine Bleaching-Washing of Denim Fabric under Ultrasonic Conditions

2015 ◽  
Vol 671 ◽  
pp. 202-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen Qi Shi ◽  
Dan Ying Zuo ◽  
Yu Bo Chen ◽  
Chang Hai Yi
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Solution Concentration ◽  
Optimum Process ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Ultrasonic Power ◽  
Chlorine Bleaching ◽  
Structure Changes ◽  
Ultrasonic Assisted ◽  
Denim Fabric ◽  
Ultrasonic Conditions

The influences of the ultrasonic power, the processing time, temperature and sodium hypochlorite concentration on the bleaching-washing effect were analyzed based on the surface K/S value of denim fabric during the ultrasonic-assisted chlorine bleaching washing the denim. It was found that the ultrasonic collaborative sodium hypochlorite washing the denim with a better bleaching effect could save more energy than traditional stirring way. The optimum process followed as the ultrasonic power 400 w, the ultrasonic total times 20 min, the bleaching temperature 25°C and the solution concentration 5%. As well, the microscopic structure changes of denim fabric treated by two different kinds of chlorine bleaching washing way were investigated by SEM, FTIR and XRD under the optimal process conditions. The results showed the denim surface became more rough, no new functional groups produced and crystallinity increased.

Research of Synthesizing Biodiesel from Suaeda Salsa by Ultrasonic-Assisted Transesterification

2011 ◽  
Vol 189-193 ◽  
pp. 3925-3931 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Li Yang ◽  
Feng Zhu ◽  
Jie Sun ◽  
Song Qin
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Production Rate ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Suaeda Salsa ◽  
Ultrasonic Frequency ◽  
Ultrasonic Power ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Ultrasonic Assisted ◽  
Catalyst Dosage

Suaeda salsa oil was taken as raw materials to produce biodiesel by ultrasonic-Assisted transesterification. Single factor experiment and the orthogonal experiment combination design were adopted to study the effects of ultrasonic frequency, ultrasonic power，reaction temperature ，reaction time，catalyst dosage and mole ratio of methanol to oil on biodiesel production rate. The order of factors that influence the biodiesel production rate within the experimental range was as follows: catalyst dosage＞reaction time＞reaction temperature＞mole ratio of methanol to oil. The optimal technological parameters should be as follows: ultrasonic frequency 28kHz, ultrasonic power 210W, reaction temperature 65 , reaction time 10min,catalyst dosage 0.3%and mole ratio of methanol to oil 6, and biodiesel production rate is 97.93% under such conditions.

Ultrasonic-Assisted Preparation, Characterization and Antibacterial Activity of β-Chitosan from Squid Pens

2011 ◽  
Vol 236-238 ◽  
pp. 282-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Huang ◽  
Jian Wei Mao ◽  
Sheng Hu ◽  
Dong Ke Zhao ◽  
Le He Mei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Deacetylation Degree ◽  
Orthogonal Experiments ◽  
Escherchia Coli ◽  
Ultrasonic Assisted ◽  
Mic Minimum Inhibitory Concentration

β-chitosan preparation from squid pens was carried out using aqueous NaOH with the ultrasonic assistance. Single factor experiments and L9(34) orthogonal experiments were used to investigate the effect of three parameters (reaction time, concentration of NaOH and reaction temperature) on deacetylation of β-chitin. The optimal conditions for deacetylation of chitin were reaction temperature 80°C, reaction time 2 h and concentration of NaOH 50%. The optimal conditions allowed deacetylation degree of β-chitin from 71.32% to 92.91%. The β-chitosan from squid pens was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The antibacterial activities of the prepared β-chitosans againstaphylococcus aureus(S. aureus) andEscherchia coli(E.coli) were then determined and compared by the MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration). Results indicate that β-chitosans with different degrees of deacetylation (DD) possess different antibacterial activity. The growth ofS. aureuscan be easily inhibited by prepared β-chitosan thanE.coli.

Lignin Separation and Antioxidant Capacity from Acanthopanax senticosus Remainders Using Acetic Acid-Water System

2011 ◽  
Vol 311-313 ◽  
pp. 1514-1517
Author(s):  
Ming Hua Zhu ◽  
Gui Zhen Fang ◽  
Shi Yan Han ◽  
Hai Hong Rong ◽  
Jun Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Water System ◽  
Solution Concentration ◽  
Acid Water ◽  
Acanthopanax Senticosus ◽  
Acetic Acid Water ◽  
Acetic Acid Lignin

Lignin was extracted from Acanthopanax senticosus remainders after pharmaceutical production process, with acetic acid-water as extracting reagent. Four factors effects, namely reaction temperature from 160°C to 220°C, reaction time from 40 min to 100 min, acetic acid concentration from 50% to 80% and solid-liquid ratio from 1:40 to 1:5, were studied and optimized by a four-level orthogonal array design (OAD) on lignin antioxidant capacity. The results indicated the reaction temperature and reaction time were significant factors among these factors. At the same lignin solution concentration, the acetic acid lignin antioxidant capacity was better than that of Kraft lignin, but much lower than that of butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA).

Preparation and Characterization of Mg(OH)2 Flame-Retardant with Particular Morphology via Hydrothermal Process

2011 ◽  
Vol 306-307 ◽  
pp. 1311-1316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lian Min Ji ◽  
Li Juan Li ◽  
Zhi Qi Liu ◽  
Bo Zhang ◽  
Feng Nie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Magnesium Hydroxide ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Crystal Morphology ◽  
Hydrothermal Process ◽  
Solution Concentration ◽  
Organic Modifier

The process of preparing magnesium hydroxide flame retardants with particular morphologies after hydrothermal treatment in the presence of organic modifier ethanediamine was mainly investigated. Influences of such factors as slurry concentration, modifier solution concentration and reaction temperature were studied. Meanwhile, the hydrothermally treated results were characterized by XRD, SEM, FTIR and TGA. The results indicate that when the reaction temperature was 180°C, and the reaction time ranges from 4 to 8 hours, the magnesium hydroxide and organic modifier solution concentration separately was 5% and 4 mol/L, a spherical crystalline magnesium hydroxide that has a symmetrical and regular crystal morphology was prepared. Such magnesium hydroxide materials were found to give an enhanced powder filtration.

scholarly journals Fabriction of ZnO Nanorods with Strong UV Absorption and Different Hydrophobicity on Foamed Nickel under Different Hydrothermal Conditions

Micromachines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Li ◽  
Xifang Chen ◽  
Zao Yi ◽  
Zigang Zhou ◽  
Yongjian Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Energy Dispersive Spectrometer ◽  
Zno Nanorods ◽  
Solution Concentration ◽  
Hydrothermal Conditions ◽  
Step Method ◽  
Static Contact ◽  
Foamed Nickel

ZnO nanorods have been grown on the surface of foamed nickel by a two-step method. Firstly, a layer of ZnO seed is sputtered on the surface of the foamed nickel by magnetron sputtering, and then the hydrothermal method is used to grow ZnO nanorods at different conditions (solution concentration, reaction time and reaction temperature). The results show that the morphology of ZnO nanorods is closely related to the solution concentration, reaction time, and reaction temperature. The energy band structure formed by the foamed nickel and ZnO seed layers and the growth mechanism of ZnO nanorods are discussed. The samples are characterized by Energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Raman spectroscopy. The absorption characteristics of samples to light are characterized by ultraviolet-to-visible (UV–VIS) absorption. The hydrophilicity of the samples is characterized by the static contact angle. By analyzing the performance characteristics of the samples at different conditions, we finally obtained the optimal growth parameters. At the optimal parameters, the morphology of the grown nanorods is regular, the ultraviolet band has strong absorption, and the surface of the samples forms a superhydrophobic surface.

Optimization of Magnesium Separation and Extraction from Boron Slurry Using Response Surface Methodology

2011 ◽  
Vol 366 ◽  
pp. 366-369
Author(s):  
Feng Gao ◽  
Rong Fu ◽  
Ming Yang Qian ◽  
Zhu Min Wang ◽  
Xiang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Factorial Design ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Fractional Factorial Design ◽  
Design Criterion ◽  
Fractional Factorial ◽  
Effective Factors

Response surface methodology was used to optimize the soaking Mg leaching ratio from the boron slurry screened by 25 fractional factorial design. Five effective factors such as H2SO4 concentrations, reaction time, reaction temperature and stir velocity were tested by using 25 fractional factorial design criterion and three effective factors H2SO4 concentrations, reaction time and reaction temperature showed significant effect(P2SO4 concentrations of 0.29mol/l, reaction time of 90 min and reaction temperature of 50°C. Three runs of additional confirmation experiments were conducted. The mixture magnesium leaching value was 58.20%.

Ring-Opening Polymerization of Lactide Using Aluminum Salen-Type Initiators

2014 ◽  
Vol 915-916 ◽  
pp. 713-716
Author(s):  
Qing Zhang ◽  
Jing Tian ◽  
Zhi Qi Cao ◽  
Ru Xia Xu ◽  
Zhen Zhen Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Schiff Bases ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Ring Opening ◽  
Ring Opening Polymerization ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Aluminum Complex

In this investigation, Schiff bases aluminum complex was synthesized and used as the initiator in the polymerization of D,L-lactide. The aluminum complex was characterized by infrared spectroscopy (IR), and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). The influences of different factors, including reaction time, reaction temperature, and the ratio of D, L-lactide/Al3+ on the synthesis of polylactide were described. The results showed that Schiff bases aluminum complex could be successfully applied in the ring opening polymerization. The optimum condition of the ring opening polymerization of D,L-lactide, which included D,L-lactide/Al3+ (mol/mol) ratio of 250, reaction temperature of 120 °C, and reaction time of 16 hours.

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