scholarly journals Thermal characteristics of the self-healing response in poly(ethylene- co -methacrylic acid) copolymers

2006 ◽  
Vol 4 (13) ◽  
pp. 405-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen J Kalista ◽  
Thomas C Ward
Keyword(s):  
Methacrylic Acid ◽  
Mechanistic Model ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Thermal Characteristics ◽  
High Energy ◽  
General Mechanism ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Thermal Dependence ◽  
Healing Response ◽  
Poly Ethylene

A class of poly(ethylene- co -methacrylic acid) (EMAA) copolymers and ionomers has shown the unique ability to instantaneously self-heal following ballistic puncture. It is noteworthy that the thermomechanical healing process active in these materials appears to be significantly different in capability and mechanism than any of the other self-repairing systems studied. To better understand this phenomenon, the thermal response during EMAA self-healing was examined. Tests of various damage types, including sawing, cutting and puncture, revealed high-energy transfer damage modes to produce heat and store energy favourable to healing. DSC probed healed specimens revealing they had reached the viscoelastic melt believed requisite to healing response. Low-temperature ballistic experiments demonstrated films continue healing even when punctured at −30°C; analysis showed healing efficacy comparable to room temperature, holding significant pressures of approximately 3 MPa. At the lowest temperature, brittle fracture occurred in one material indicating insufficient heat transfer to store recoverable energy. In total, the results supported the defined healing model and provided additional information on the healing process in both its thermal dependence and general mechanism. Finally, a new DSC method was developed for probing the thermal history of healed films which may lead to a more complete mechanistic model.

scholarly journals Exploring the Possibility of Using Ionic Copolymer Poly (Ethylene-co-Methacrylic) Acid as Modifier and Self-Healing Agent in Asphalt Binder and Mixture

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 426
Author(s):  
Yuefeng Zhu ◽  
Reyhaneh Rahbar-Rastegar ◽  
Yanwei Li ◽  
Yaning Qiao ◽  
Chundi Si
Keyword(s):  
Methacrylic Acid ◽  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Cracking Resistance ◽  
Poly Ethylene ◽  
Copolymer Poly ◽  
Ionic Copolymer

It is well-accepted that the ionic copolymer poly (ethylene-co-methacrylic) acid (also named EMAA) is one type of self-healing material. This particular capability has great potential for extending the service life of infrastructures. In order to improve the rheological, mechanical, and self-healing properties of asphalt binder and asphalt mixtures, EMAA and styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) were selected as the additives. In this study, the effects of EMAA and SBR on the performance of bitumen and asphalt mixtures were examined and characterized using various parameters including rheological indices, Glover–Rowe parameter, ductility self-healing rate, fluorescence microscopy, and scanning electron microscope (SEM) test on binders, and different testing methods such as complex modulus, thermal stress-restrained specimen test (TSRST), disk-shaped compact tension (DCT), and fatigue–healing–fatigue test on the mixtures. The results showed that EMAA can significantly improve the stiffness and self-healing capacity of virgin and SBR modified binders and mixtures. Moreover, the cracking resistance of EMAA/SBR compound modified binder and mixture showed a significant improvement. However, EMAA is not recommended to be added as a modifier to virgin binders and mixtures due to its poor cracking resistance. Some novel tests and parameters mentioned in this paper are recommended for characterizing binders and mixtures in the future.

Extended-Chain Crystals of High-Pressure Crystallized Poly (Ethylene Terephthalate) Oligomer/Bisphenol-A Polycarbonate Blends

2010 ◽  
Vol 654-656 ◽  
pp. 2632-2635
Author(s):  
Jun Lu ◽  
Dai Kun Xi ◽  
Rui Huang
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Ethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Phase System ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Bisphenol A Polycarbonate ◽  
Extended Chain ◽  
Poly Ethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Poly Ethylene

In this study, the crystallization behaviors of the poly (ethylene terephthalate) oligomer/bisphenol-A polycarbonate (PETO/BAPC) blends were investigated under high pressure, and the recovered PETO/BAPC samples were characterized using XRD, DSC, SEM and AFM. The results showed that high-quality extended-chain single crystals with large c-axis thickness were formed in the multi-phase system within a relative short time, and the inner defects of the disclosed crystals could be removed by a self-healing process through high-temperature and high-pressure annealing. Morphologies of extended-chain crystals with different characteristics were also revealed with SEM and AFM. Wedge-shaped and bent extended-chain morphologies suggested that sliding diffusion and transesterification occurred simultaneously in the system, and the crystallization of the large crystals was a self-assembling process induced by chemical reactions at high pressure. This process provides a new route to grow large polymer extended-chain crystals and suggests self-assembly under high pressure is a promising method to create materials with new structures and properties.

Investigation of the destruction of copolymers of poly(ethylene glycol)fumarate with methacrylic acid using differential equations

2021 ◽  
Vol 103 (3) ◽  
pp. 47-52
Author(s):  
M.Zh. Burkeyev ◽  
◽  
U.B. Tuleuov ◽  
A.N. Bolatbay ◽  
D. Khavlichek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Kinetic Analysis ◽  
Methacrylic Acid ◽  
Thermal Characteristics ◽  
Thermodynamic Characteristics ◽  
Nitrogen Atmosphere ◽  
Dynamic Mode ◽  
Main Stage ◽  
Poly Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Poly Ethylene

In the article the thermal characteristics of a copolymer of poly(ethylene glycol)fumarate with methacrylic acid were studied in a dynamic mode in a nitrogen atmosphere for the first time. A kinetic analysis of the thermal destruction process was carried out using three different data processing methods (Freeman-Carroll, Sharp-Wentworth, Achar). Thermodynamic characteristics were also calculated, namely the change in the Gibbs energy (∆G), enthalpy (∆H) and entropy of activation (∆S). The curves of thermogravimetric and differential thermogravimetric analysis of the copolymer were studied in a nitrogen atmosphere at a heating rate of 10 °C/min. The main stage of the copolymer decomposition was found to occur in a narrow temperature range, which is confirmed by a peak in the differential curve. Changes in the reaction rate of the copolymer were shown due to the decrease in the sample mass. It was shown that the results of kinetic analysis depend on the molecular structure of the compounds under study. The activation energies found by the Freeman-Carroll method have lower values, while the Achar and Sharp-Wentworth methods give the same results.

Rate-dependent self-healing behavior of an ethylene-co-methacrylic acid ionomer under high-energy impact conditions

2013 ◽  
Vol 130 (3) ◽  
pp. 1949-1958 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Mattia Grande ◽  
Luca Castelnovo ◽  
Luca Di Landro ◽  
Cinzia Giacomuzzo ◽  
Alessandro Francesconi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methacrylic Acid ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Energy Impact ◽  
Rate Dependent

scholarly journals Mitigation of Impact Damage with Self-Healing and Anti-Sloshing Materials in Aerospace Fuel Tanks

Aerospace ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Gerardus Janszen ◽  
Gabriele Capezzera ◽  
Antonio Grande ◽  
Luca Di Landro
Keyword(s):  
Impact Damage ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Acid Copolymer ◽  
Fuel Tanks ◽  
Friction Temperature ◽  
Poly Ethylene ◽  
Debris Impact

In this study, self-healing and anti-sloshing materials are investigated for mitigation of impact-induced damage. The integration of these systems, for the prevention of fire or explosion due to impact or bullet damage, may significantly improve the safety of aerospace fuel tanks. Leakage, after bullet penetration or debris impact, may be prevented or at least limited if the container’s walls are made by materials with self-healing capabilities. The aim of this work is to define the self-healing behavior of the EMAA ionomer (poly-Ethylene-MethAcrylic Acid copolymer), with reference to the energy dissipation mechanisms involved during damage and autonomic healing. An experimental investigation on the healing capacity of the material when perforated by bullets shot at medium velocity (250 m/s−450 m/s) was carried out. In these tests, the influence of friction, temperature, and multiple impacts on the healing process was examined and discussed. Moreover, the material response in operating conditions similar to those encountered in actual aeronautical applications, that is, in presence of pressurized fluid and anti-sloshing material (Explosafe®) was tested. Results show that the presence of the liquid increases the self-healing capabilities, which are, however, slightly affected by pressurization and internal anti-sloshing filler; the contribution in terms of sloshing reduction remains relevant.

Addition of poly (ethylene-co-methacrylic acid) (EMAA) as self-healing agent to carbon-epoxy composites

2020 ◽  
Vol 137 ◽  
pp. 106016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allana Azevedo do Nascimento ◽  
Fernando Fernandez ◽  
Fábio S. da Silva ◽  
Evans P.C. Ferreira ◽  
José Daniel D. Melo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methacrylic Acid ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Healing Agent ◽  
Poly Ethylene
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