scholarly journals Conservatism of lizard thermal tolerances and body temperatures across evolutionary history and geography

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 20121056 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph W. Grigg ◽  
Lauren B. Buckley
Keyword(s):  
Local Adaptation ◽  
Thermal Tolerance ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Environmental Filtering ◽  
Common Ancestry ◽  
Body Temperatures ◽  
Thermal Limits ◽  
Critical Thermal Maxima ◽  
Thermoregulatory Behaviour ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

Species may exhibit similar thermal tolerances via either common ancestry or environmental filtering and local adaptation, if the species inhabit similar environments. We ask whether upper and lower thermal limits (critical thermal maxima and minima) and body temperatures are more strongly conserved across evolutionary history or geography for lizard populations distributed globally. We find that critical thermal maxima are highly conserved with location accounting for a higher proportion of the variation than phylogeny. Notably, thermal tolerance breadth is conserved across the phylogeny despite critical thermal minima showing little niche conservatism. Body temperatures observed during activity in the field show the greatest degree of conservatism, with phylogeny accounting for most of the variation. This suggests that propensities for thermoregulatory behaviour, which can buffer body temperatures from environmental variation, are similar within lineages. Phylogeny and geography constrain thermal tolerances similarly within continents, but variably within clades. Conservatism of thermal tolerances across lineages suggests that the potential for local adaptation to alleviate the impacts of climate change on lizards may be limited.

scholarly journals Local adaptation in thermal tolerance for a tropical butterfly across ecotone and rainforest habitats

Biology Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. bio058619
Author(s):  
Michel A. K. Dongmo ◽  
Rachid Hanna ◽  
Thomas B. Smith ◽  
K. K. M. Fiaboe ◽  
Abraham Fomena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Change ◽  
Local Adaptation ◽  
Thermal Tolerance ◽  
Thermal Adaptation ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Thermal Variation ◽  
Evolutionary Processes ◽  
Physiological Tolerance ◽  
Thermal Limits ◽  
Species Vulnerability

ABSTRACTThermal adaptation to habitat variability can determine species vulnerability to environmental change. For example, physiological tolerance to naturally low thermal variation in tropical forests species may alter their vulnerability to climate change impacts, compared with open habitat species. However, the extent to which habitat-specific differences in tolerance derive from within-generation versus across-generation ecological or evolutionary processes are not well characterized. Here we studied thermal tolerance limits of a Central African butterfly (Bicyclus dorothea) across two habitats in Cameroon: a thermally stable tropical forest and the more variable ecotone between rainforest and savanna. Second generation individuals originating from the ecotone, reared under conditions common to both populations, exhibited higher upper thermal limits (CTmax) than individuals originating from forest (∼3°C greater). Lower thermal limits (CTmin) were also slightly lower for the ecotone populations (∼1°C). Our results are suggestive of local adaptation driving habitat-specific differences in thermal tolerance (especially CTmax) that hold across generations. Such habitat-specific thermal limits may be widespread for tropical ectotherms and could affect species vulnerability to environmental change. However, microclimate and within-generation developmental processes (e.g. plasticity) will mediate these differences, and determining the fitness consequences of thermal variation for ecotone and rainforest species will require continued study of both within-generation and across-generation eco-evolutionary processes.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.

Thermal tolerance and potential impacts of climate change on coastal and estuarine organisms

2012 ◽  
Vol 70 ◽  
pp. 32-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Madeira ◽  
Luís Narciso ◽  
Henrique N. Cabral ◽  
Catarina Vinagre
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Thermal Tolerance ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

scholarly journals New insights on adaptation and population structure of cork oak using genotyping by sequencing

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Pina-Martins ◽  
J. Baptista ◽  
G. Pappas ◽  
O. S. Paulo
Keyword(s):  
Local Adaptation ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Genotyping By Sequencing ◽  
Climatic Changes ◽  
Cork Oak ◽  
Ecological Modelling ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Evergreen Forest ◽  
Local Conditions

AbstractSpecies respond to global climatic changes in a local context. Understanding this process is paramount due to the pace of these changes. Tree species are particularly interesting to study in this regard due to their long generation times, sedentarism, and ecological and economic importance. Quercus suber L. is an evergreen forest tree species of the Fagaceae family with an essentially Western Mediterranean distribution. Despite frequent assessments of the species’ evolutionary history, large-scale genetic studies have mostly relied on plastidial markers, whereas nuclear markers have been used on studies with locally focused sampling strategies. The potential response of Q. suber to global climatic changes has also been studied, under ecological modelling. In this work, “Genotyping by Sequencing” (GBS) is used to derive 2,547 SNP markers to assess the species’ evolutionary history from a nuclear DNA perspective, gain insights on how local adaptation may be shaping the species’ genetic background, and to forecast how Q. suber may respond to global climatic changes from a genetic perspective. Results reveal an essentially unstructured species, where a balance between gene flow and local adaptation keeps the species’ gene pool somewhat homogeneous across its distribution, but at the same time allows variation clines for the individuals to cope with local conditions. “Risk of Non-Adaptedness” (RONA) analyses, suggest that for the considered variables and most sampled locations, the cork oak does not require large shifts in allele frequencies to survive the predicted climatic changes. However, more research is required to integrate these results with those of ecological modelling.

scholarly journals Intraspecific variation in thermal tolerance differs between tropical and temperate fishes

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. H. Nati ◽  
M. B. S. Svendsen ◽  
S. Marras ◽  
S. S. Killen ◽  
J. F. Steffensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Intraspecific Variation ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Thermal Tolerance ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Ecological Impacts ◽  
Temperate Species ◽  
Tropical Species ◽  
Upper Thermal Tolerance

AbstractHow ectothermic animals will cope with global warming is a critical determinant of the ecological impacts of climate change. There has been extensive study of upper thermal tolerance limits among fish species but how intraspecific variation in tolerance may be affected by habitat characteristics and evolutionary history has not been considered. Intraspecific variation is a primary determinant of species vulnerability to climate change, with implications for global patterns of impacts of ongoing warming. Using published critical thermal maximum (CTmax) data on 203 fish species, we found that intraspecific variation in upper thermal tolerance varies according to a species’ latitude and evolutionary history. Overall, tropical species show a lower intraspecific variation in thermal tolerance than temperate species. Notably, freshwater tropical species have a lower variation in tolerance than freshwater temperate species, which implies increased vulnerability to impacts of thermal stress. The extent of variation in CTmax among fish species has a strong phylogenetic signal, which may indicate a constraint on evolvability to rising temperatures in tropical fishes. That is, in addition to living closer to their upper thermal limits, tropical species may have higher sensitivity and lower adaptability to global warming compared to temperate counterparts. This is evidence that freshwater tropical fish communities, worldwide, are especially vulnerable to ongoing climate change.

scholarly journals Evolutionary history of dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) demethylation enzyme DmdA in marine bacteria

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Hernández ◽  
Alberto Vicens ◽  
Luis Enrique Eguiarte ◽  
Valeria Souza ◽  
Valerie De Anda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Family ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Common Ancestor ◽  
Functional Divergence ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Recent Common Ancestor ◽  
Common Ancestry ◽  
Demethylation Pathway ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Gene

ABSTRACTDimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP), an osmolyte produced by oceanic phytoplankton, is predominantly degraded by bacteria belonging to the Roseobacter lineage and other marine Alphaproteobacteria via DMSP-dependent demethylase A protein (DmdA). To date, the evolutionary history of DmdA gene family is unclear. Some studies indicate a common ancestry between DmdA and GcvT gene families and a co-evolution between Roseobacter and the DMSP-producing-phytoplankton around 250 million years ago (Mya). In this work, we analyzed the evolution of DmdA under three possible evolutionary scenarios: 1) a recent common ancestor of DmdA and GcvT, 2) a coevolution between Roseobacter and the DMSP-producing-phytoplankton, and 3) pre-adapted enzymes to DMSP prior to Roseobacter origin. Our analyses indicate that DmdA is a new gene family originated from GcvT genes by duplication and functional divergence driven by positive selection before a coevolution between Roseobacter and phytoplankton. Our data suggest that Roseobacter acquired dmdA by horizontal gene transfer prior to exposition to an environment with higher DMSP. Here, we propose that the ancestor that carried the DMSP demethylation pathway genes evolved in the Archean, and was exposed to a higher concentration of DMSP in a sulfur rich atmosphere and anoxic ocean, compared to recent Roseobacter ecoparalogs (copies performing the same function under different conditions), which should be adapted to lower concentrations of DMSP.

scholarly journals Thermal tolerance patterns across latitude and elevation

2019 ◽  
Vol 374 (1778) ◽  
pp. 20190036 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Sunday ◽  
Joanne M. Bennett ◽  
Piero Calosi ◽  
Susana Clusella-Trullas ◽  
Sarah Gravel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cold Tolerance ◽  
Heat Tolerance ◽  
Thermal Tolerance ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Climate Extremes ◽  
Species Traits ◽  
Acclimation Temperature ◽  
Tolerance Limits ◽  
Thermal Limits

Linking variation in species' traits to large-scale environmental gradients can lend insight into the evolutionary processes that have shaped functional diversity and future responses to environmental change. Here, we ask how heat and cold tolerance vary as a function of latitude, elevation and climate extremes, using an extensive global dataset of ectotherm and endotherm thermal tolerance limits, while accounting for methodological variation in acclimation temperature, ramping rate and duration of exposure among studies. We show that previously reported relationships between thermal limits and latitude in ectotherms are robust to variation in methods. Heat tolerance of terrestrial ectotherms declined marginally towards higher latitudes and did not vary with elevation, whereas heat tolerance of freshwater and marine ectotherms declined more steeply with latitude. By contrast, cold tolerance limits declined steeply with latitude in marine, intertidal, freshwater and terrestrial ectotherms, and towards higher elevations on land. In all realms, both upper and lower thermal tolerance limits increased with extreme daily temperature, suggesting that different experienced climate extremes across realms explain the patterns, as predicted under the Climate Extremes Hypothesis . Statistically accounting for methodological variation in acclimation temperature, ramping rate and exposure duration improved model fits, and increased slopes with extreme ambient temperature. Our results suggest that fundamentally different patterns of thermal limits found among the earth's realms may be largely explained by differences in episodic thermal extremes among realms, updating global macrophysiological ‘rules’. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Physiological diversity, biodiversity patterns and global climate change: testing key hypotheses involving temperature and oxygen’.

scholarly journals Limited potential for adaptation to climate change in a broadly distributed marine crustacean

2011 ◽  
Vol 279 (1727) ◽  
pp. 349-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morgan W. Kelly ◽  
Eric Sanford ◽  
Richard K. Grosberg
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Local Adaptation ◽  
Thermal Tolerance ◽  
Extinction Risk ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Isolated Populations ◽  
Tigriopus Californicus ◽  
Standing Variation

The extent to which acclimation and genetic adaptation might buffer natural populations against climate change is largely unknown. Most models predicting biological responses to environmental change assume that species' climatic envelopes are homogeneous both in space and time. Although recent discussions have questioned this assumption, few empirical studies have characterized intraspecific patterns of genetic variation in traits directly related to environmental tolerance limits. We test the extent of such variation in the broadly distributed tidepool copepod Tigriopus californicus using laboratory rearing and selection experiments to quantify thermal tolerance and scope for adaptation in eight populations spanning more than 17° of latitude. Tigriopus californicus exhibit striking local adaptation to temperature, with less than 1 per cent of the total quantitative variance for thermal tolerance partitioned within populations. Moreover, heat-tolerant phenotypes observed in low-latitude populations cannot be achieved in high-latitude populations, either through acclimation or 10 generations of strong selection. Finally, in four populations there was no increase in thermal tolerance between generations 5 and 10 of selection, suggesting that standing variation had already been depleted. Thus, plasticity and adaptation appear to have limited capacity to buffer these isolated populations against further increases in temperature. Our results suggest that models assuming a uniform climatic envelope may greatly underestimate extinction risk in species with strong local adaptation.

scholarly journals Global analysis of thermal tolerance and latitude in ectotherms

2010 ◽  
Vol 278 (1713) ◽  
pp. 1823-1830 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer M. Sunday ◽  
Amanda E. Bates ◽  
Nicholas K. Dulvy
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Tolerance ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Global Analysis ◽  
Marine Species ◽  
Seasonal Temperature ◽  
Geographical Patterns ◽  
Thermal Limits ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Seasonal Temperature Variation ◽  
Do So

A tenet of macroecology is that physiological processes of organisms are linked to large-scale geographical patterns in environmental conditions. Species at higher latitudes experience greater seasonal temperature variation and are consequently predicted to withstand greater temperature extremes. We tested for relationships between breadths of thermal tolerance in ectothermic animals and the latitude of specimen location using all available data, while accounting for habitat, hemisphere, methodological differences and taxonomic affinity. We found that thermal tolerance breadths generally increase with latitude, and do so at a greater rate in the Northern Hemisphere. In terrestrial ectotherms, upper thermal limits vary little while lower thermal limits decrease with latitude. By contrast, marine species display a coherent poleward decrease in both upper and lower thermal limits. Our findings provide comprehensive global support for hypotheses generated from studies at smaller taxonomic subsets and geographical scales. Our results further indicate differences between terrestrial and marine ectotherms in how thermal physiology varies with latitude that may relate to the degree of temperature variability experienced on land and in the ocean.

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