scholarly journals Reassessment of genome size in turtle and crocodile based on chromosome measurement by flow karyotyping: close similarity to chicken

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 631-635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fumio Kasai ◽  
Patricia C. M. O'Brien ◽  
Malcolm A. Ferguson-Smith
Keyword(s):  
Genome Size ◽  
Common Ancestor ◽  
Gc Content ◽  
Gallus Domesticus ◽  
Chromosome Size ◽  
Gallus Gallus Domesticus ◽  
Trachemys Scripta Elegans ◽  
Size Dependent ◽  
Gc Bias ◽  
Nile Crocodile

The genome size in turtles and crocodiles is thought to be much larger than the 1.2 Gb of the chicken ( Gallus gallus domesticus , GGA), according to the animal genome size database. However, GGA macrochromosomes show extensive homology in the karyotypes of the red eared slider ( Trachemys scripta elegans , TSC) and the Nile crocodile ( Crocodylus niloticus , CNI), and bird and reptile genomes have been highly conserved during evolution. In this study, size and GC content of all chromosomes are measured from the flow karyotypes of GGA, TSC and CNI. Genome sizes estimated from the total chromosome size demonstrate that TSC and CNI are 1.21 Gb and 1.29 Gb, respectively. This refines previous overestimations and reveals similar genome sizes in chicken, turtle and crocodile. Analysis of chromosome GC content in each of these three species shows a higher GC content in smaller chromosomes than in larger chromosomes. This contrasts with mammals and squamates in which GC content does not correlate with chromosome size. These data suggest that a common ancestor of birds, turtles and crocodiles had a small genome size and a chromosomal size-dependent GC bias, distinct from the squamate lineage.

scholarly journals First Draft Genome Sequence of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica Serovar Enteritidis Isolated from the Chicken Meat in Russia

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 2
Author(s):  
Alexey V. Rakov ◽  
Anatoly A. Yakovlev ◽  
Viacheslav V. Sinkov
Keyword(s):  
Genome Size ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Reference Strain ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Gallus Domesticus ◽  
Gallus Gallus Domesticus ◽  
Zoonotic Pathogens

Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Enteritidis is one of the most common zoonotic pathogens. We report here the genome sequence of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Enteritidis S-25048 isolated from chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) meat in Artyom, Russia. The assembled genome size was 4,695,145 bp. A total of 4565 coding genes, four rRNAs, 62 tRNAs, and 14 noncoding RNAs were predicted. To our knowledge, this is the first publically deposited annotated genome of this serovar isolated in Russia. The Salmonella Enteritidis S-25048 genome is suitable for use as a reference strain of Salmonella Enteritidis isolated in Russia.

scholarly journals Distribution of Melanin Pigmentation in 33 Organs of Thai Black-Bone Chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus)

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 777
Author(s):  
Korakot Nganvongpanit ◽  
Piyatida Kaewkumpai ◽  
Varankpicha Kochagul ◽  
Kidsadagon Pringproa ◽  
Veerasak Punyapornwithaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gallus Gallus ◽  
Gallus Domesticus ◽  
Melanin Pigment ◽  
Gallus Gallus Domesticus ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Melanin Pigmentation ◽  
Chicken Breed ◽  
Brachial Vein ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Pigment Accumulation

The black-bone chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) is a breed of chicken that is commonly found in Thailand. This breed is known for having a number of black colored organs. Consumers have been notably attracted to the black-bone chicken breed for the characteristic darkness that is observed in many of its organs. However, the degree of darkness in all organs of the black-bone chicken is still in question. Importantly, there have not yet been any published reports on the distribution of melanin pigment in the organs of the black-bone chicken. This research study aims to examine the distribution of the melanin pigment in 33 organs of the Thai black-bone chicken. Ten black-bone chickens (five male, five female) were included in this study. Thirty-two organs including the brain, spinal cord, sciatic nerve, larynx, trachea, syrinx, lungs, heart, pericardium, aorta, brachial vein, kidney, cloaca, oviduct, testis, gastrocnemius muscle, femur, tongue, esophagus, crop, proventriculus, gizzard, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, pancreas, liver, gall bladder, omentum, abdominal fat, spleen, and skin were examined in this study. Histological sections taken from tissue samples of each of these organs were studied. The findings revealed that the presence of the melanin pigment was not significantly different (p > 0.005) between male and female specimens. Notably, the liver was the only organ in which the melanin pigment had not accumulated. Consequently, there was not a uniform pattern of melanin pigment accumulation throughout the organs of the chickens. The melanin pigment was present in all of the tissue layers of most organs, while the melanin pigment was found in only specific layers of some of the organs. In conclusion, the distribution of melanin pigmentation in the organs of each of the animals in this study was found to be different. However, in some tissue samples, such as those obtained from the liver, no accumulation of the melanin pigment was observed.

Chromosome size-dependent control of meiotic recombination

Science ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 256 (5054) ◽  
pp. 228-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Kaback ◽  
V Guacci ◽  
D Barber ◽  
J. Mahon
Keyword(s):  
Meiotic Recombination ◽  
Chromosome Size ◽  
Size Dependent

scholarly journals A systematic review of Toxoplasma gondii genotypes in Gallus gallus domesticus worldwide: The focus is Brazil

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Webster Leonardo Guimarães da Costa ◽  
Isa Marianny Ferreira Nascimento Barbosa ◽  
Débora Pereira Gomes do Prado ◽  
Natália Domann ◽  
Hanstter Hallison Alves Rezende
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Gallus Gallus ◽  
Gallus Domesticus ◽  
Gallus Gallus Domesticus

Social motivation and the use of distal, but not local, featural cues are related to ranging behavior in free-range chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus)

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 769-780 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vitor Hugo Bessa Ferreira ◽  
Maxence Barbarat ◽  
Flore Lormant ◽  
Karine Germain ◽  
Mathilde Brachet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Motivation ◽  
Gallus Gallus ◽  
Gallus Domesticus ◽  
Gallus Gallus Domesticus ◽  
Ranging Behavior ◽  
Free Range
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