scholarly journals Lateralization of visual learning in the honeybee

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pinar Letzkus ◽  
Norbert Boeddeker ◽  
Jeff T Wood ◽  
Shao-Wu Zhang ◽  
Mandyam V Srinivasan
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Visual Learning ◽  
Sensory Modality ◽  
Olfactory Learning ◽  
Vertebrate Species ◽  
Proboscis Extension Reflex ◽  
Proboscis Extension

Lateralization is a well-described phenomenon in humans and other vertebrates and there are interesting parallels across a variety of different vertebrate species. However, there are only a few studies of lateralization in invertebrates. In a recent report, we showed lateralization of olfactory learning in the honeybee ( Apis mellifera ). Here, we investigate lateralization of another sensory modality, vision. By training honeybees on a modified version of a visual proboscis extension reflex task, we find that bees learn a colour stimulus better with their right eye.

scholarly journals Olfactory Learning in the Stingless Bee Melipona eburnea Friese (Apidae: Meliponini)

Insects ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marisol Amaya-Márquez ◽  
Sergio Tusso ◽  
Juan Hernández ◽  
Juan Darío Jiménez ◽  
Harrington Wells ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Unconditioned Stimulus ◽  
Stingless Bees ◽  
Olfactory Learning ◽  
Learning Performance ◽  
Taste Receptors ◽  
Proboscis Extension Reflex ◽  
Adaptive Traits ◽  
Proboscis Extension ◽  
Cognition And Learning ◽  
Plant Pollinator

Olfactory learning and floral scents are co-adaptive traits in the plant–pollinator relationship. However, how scent relates to cognition and learning in the diverse group of Neotropical stingless bees is largely unknown. Here we evaluated the ability of Melipona eburnea to be conditioned to scent using the proboscis extension reflex (PER) protocol. Stingless bees did not show PER while harnessed but were able to be PER conditioned to scent when free-to-move in a mini-cage (fmPER). We evaluated the effect of: 1) unconditioned stimulus (US) reward, and 2) previous scent–reward associations on olfactory learning performance. When using unscented-US, PER-responses were low on day 1, but using scented-US reward the olfactory PER-response increased on day 1. On day 2 PER performance greatly increased in bees that previously had experienced the same odor and reward combination, while bees that experienced a different odor on day 2 showed poor olfactory learning. Bees showed higher olfactory PER conditioning to guava than to mango odor. The effect of the unconditioned stimulus reward was not a significant factor in the model on day 2. This indicates that olfactory learning performance can increase via either taste receptors or accumulated experience with the same odor. Our results have application in agriculture and pollination ecology.

scholarly journals Effects of Sublethal Concentrations of Chlorpyrifos on Olfactory Learning and Memory Performances in Two Bee Species, Apis mellifera and Apis cerana

Sociobiology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiguo Li ◽  
Meng Li ◽  
Jingnan Huang ◽  
Changsheng Ma ◽  
Linchen Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Sucrose Solution ◽  
Apis Cerana ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Olfactory Learning ◽  
Memory Retention ◽  
Proboscis Extension Response ◽  
Learning Abilities ◽  
Proboscis Extension ◽  
Ld50 Value

Chlorpyrifos is a widely used organophosphorus insecticide. The acute oral 24 h median lethal dose (LD50) value of chlorpyrifos in Apis mellifera and in Apis cerana was estimated to assess differential acute chlorpyrifos toxicity in the two bee species. The LD50 values of chlorpyrifos in A. mellifera and in A. cerana are 103.4 ng/bee and 81.8 ng/bee, respectively, which suggests A. cerana bees are slightly more sensitive than A. mellifera bees to the toxicity of chlorpyrifos. Doses half the acute LD50 of chlorpyrifos were selected to study behavioral changes in the two bee species using proboscis extension response assay. A. mellifera foragers treated with chlorpyrifos showed significantly lower response to the 10% sucrose solution compared to control bees after 2, 24 and 48 h. Chlorpyrifos significantly impaired the olfactory learning abilities and 2 h memory retention of forager bees regardless of honey bee species, which may affect the foraging success of bees exposed to chlorpyrifos.

scholarly journals Proboscis Extension Reflex in Apis mellifera [Honeybee] with Only One Antenna

BIO-PROTOCOL ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (23) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Guo ◽  
Zilong Wang ◽  
Zhijiang Zeng ◽  
Shaowu Zhang ◽  
Runsheng Chen
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Proboscis Extension Reflex ◽  
Proboscis Extension

scholarly journals Similar Comparative Low and High Doses of Deltamethrin and Acetamiprid Differently Impair the Retrieval of the Proboscis Extension Reflex in the Forager Honey Bee (Apis mellifera)

Insects ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 805-814 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steeve Thany ◽  
Céline Bourdin ◽  
Jérôme Graton ◽  
Adèle Laurent ◽  
Monique Mathé-Allainmat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Proboscis Extension Reflex ◽  
Proboscis Extension ◽  
High Doses

A Rapid Bioassay for Detection of Adulterated Beeswax

1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Italo S. Aquino ◽  
Charles I. Abramson ◽  
Mark E. Payton
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Initial Component ◽  
Proboscis Extension Reflex ◽  
Physical Methods ◽  
Carnauba Wax ◽  
Comprehensive Program ◽  
Rapid Bioassay ◽  
Proboscis Extension

Proboscis extension was used to test the ability of honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) to detect beeswax adulterated with carnauba wax (Copernicia cerifera Arruda Camara). Subjects were exposed to either 100% beeswax (honeycomb) (e.g., no carnauba wax), 100% beeswax (melted) (e.g., as commercial beeswax cake), 90%, 80%, 70%, 60%, 50%, 40%, 30%, 20%, 10% beeswax/carnauba mixtures, 0% beeswax (i.e., 100% carnauba wax), or unscented air. Maximum responding was observed in bees exposed to the scent of honey comb or melted beeswax cake. The addition of as little as 10% carnauba wax was readily detected and resulted in reduced proboscis extensions. Few proboscis extensions occurred to bees exposed to unscented air or 100% carnauba wax. The results indicate that the proboscis extension reflex can be used as a rapid, inexpensive, and reliable bioassay for the detection of adulterated beeswax. The bioassay will be useful in developing countries where chemical and physical methods are unavailable for detecting adulterated beeswax and can serve as an initial component in a comprehensive program of adulteration detection. An equation that predicts the probability of a proboscis response given the percent of adulterated wax is presented.

Sensory preconditioning in honeybees

2000 ◽  
Vol 203 (8) ◽  
pp. 1351-1364 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Muller ◽  
B. Gerber ◽  
F. Hellstern ◽  
M. Hammer ◽  
R. Menzel
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Classical Conditioning ◽  
Stimulus Generalization ◽  
Sensory Preconditioning ◽  
Proboscis Extension Reflex ◽  
Single Presentation ◽  
Proboscis Extension ◽  
Unpaired Presentation ◽  
Additional Explanation

Sensory preconditioning means that reinforcement of stimulus A after unreinforced exposure to a compound AB also leads to responses to stimulus B. Here, we describe and analyze sensory preconditioning in an insect, the honeybee Apis mellifera. Using two-element odorant compounds in classical conditioning of the proboscis extension reflex, we found (i) that sensory preconditioning is not due to stimulus generalization, (ii) that paired, but not unpaired, presentation of elements supports sensory preconditioning, (iii) that simultaneous, but not sequential, exposure to the elements of the compound supports sensory preconditioning and (iv) that a single presentation of the compound yields maximal sensory preconditioning. The results are discussed with respect to configural and chain-like associative explanations for sensory preconditioning. We suggest an experience-dependent step of compound processing, establishing configural units, as an additional explanation for sensory preconditioning.

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