scholarly journals Molecular Alterations in Prostate Cancer as Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Therapeutic Targets

2008 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 319-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bora Gurel ◽  
Tsuyoshi Iwata ◽  
Cheryl M. Koh ◽  
Srinivasan Yegnasubramanian ◽  
William G. Nelson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Therapeutic Targets ◽  
Molecular Alterations

Predictive and prognostic biomarkers with therapeutic targets in colorectal cancer: A 2021 update on current development, evidence, and recommendation

2021 ◽  
pp. 107815522110055
Author(s):  
Clement Chung
Keyword(s):  
Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Therapeutic Targets ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Predictive Biomarkers ◽  
Tumor Location ◽  
Prognostic Biomarkers ◽  
Her2 Gene ◽  
Braf Mutations ◽  
Therapeutic Implications ◽  
Molecular Alterations

Although therapeutically actionable molecular alterations are widely distributed across many cancer types, only a handful of them show evidence of clinical utility and are recommended for routine clinical practice in the management of cancers of colon and rectum (CRC). This 2021 update aims to provide a succinct summary on the use of prognostic and/or predictive biomarkers (expanded RAS, BRAF, microsatellite-high [MSI-H] or deficient mismatch repair [dMMR], neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase [ NTRK] fusion genes, and human epidermal growth factor receptor type II [ HER2] gene amplification) associated with CRC. Therapeutic implications of each relevant predictive or prognostic biomarker for patients with CRC are described, along with discussion on new developments on (1) biomarker-driven therapies such as testing of BRAF, MLH1 promoter methylation and MMR germline genes in differentiating sporadic CRC or hereditary conditions such as Lynch syndrome; (2) first-line use of immune checkpoint inhibitors in metastatic CRC; (3) risk stratification and therapy selection based on primary tumor location (left-sided vs. right-sided colon cancer); (3) atypical BRAF mutations; (4) use of EGFR directed therapy in the perioperative oligometastatic disease setting; (5) re-challenge of EGFR directed therapy and (6) personalizing therapy of fluoropyrimidine and irinotecan based on new evidence in pharmacogenomic testing. Data are collected and analyzed from available systematic reviews and meta-analyses of treatments with known therapeutic targets in CRC, which may be associated with predictive and/or prognostic biomarkers. Discussions are presented in an application-based format, with goal to empower pharmacists or other clinicians to gain awareness and understanding in biomarker-driven cancer therapy issues.

scholarly journals N-cadherin increases after androgen deprivation and is associated with metastasis in prostate cancer

2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 469-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Jennbacken ◽  
Tajana Tešan ◽  
Wanzhong Wang ◽  
Heléne Gustavsson ◽  
Jan-Erik Damber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Neuroendocrine Differentiation ◽  
Hormonal Treatment ◽  
Androgen Deprivation ◽  
Prostate Tumors ◽  
Primary Tumors ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Molecular Alterations

Androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) is the standard treatment for metastatic prostate cancer. One factor that has been implicated in the metastatic process is the cell adhesion molecule N-cadherin. In this study, we investigated if the expression of N-cadherin was influenced by androgen deprivation and was associated with metastasis in prostate cancer. The effect of androgen deprivation on N-cadherin expression was initially studied in androgen-dependent (AD) LNCaP and androgen-independent (AI) LNCaP-19 and PC-3 prostate cancer cell lines. Expression of N-cadherin increased in the absence of androgens in AI LNCaP-19 primary tumors and metastases and also in vitro, but not in AI PC-3 tumors, indicating a possible involvement of the androgen receptor in the regulation of N-cadherin. N-cadherin was absent in AD LNCaP tumors. No clear associations between N-cadherin and factors related with epithelial–mesenchymal transition or neuroendocrine differentiation could be established. In addition, N-cadherin was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in human prostate tumors. Expression of N-cadherin was more frequently found in tumors from patients treated with ADT than in tumors from patients with no prior hormonal treatment. N-cadherin expression was also associated with metastasis and Gleason score. Furthermore, increased N-cadherin was detected in prostate cancer biopsies already 3 months after initiation of ADT when tumors were in a regressed state. In summary the results indicate that androgen deprivation induces N-cadherin in prostate tumors. Moreover, N-cadherin was increased in castration-resistant tumors in patients with established metastases. This might indicate that castration induces molecular alterations in the tumor cells, resulting in a more invasive and metastatic phenotype.

MP17-12 MOLECULAR ALTERATIONS IN PROSTATE CANCER AND ASSOCIATION WITH MRI FEATURES

2015 ◽  
Vol 193 (4S) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Lee ◽  
Jacqueline Fontugne ◽  
Naveen Gumpeni ◽  
Kyung Park ◽  
Theresa MacDonald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Molecular Alterations ◽  
Mri Features

scholarly journals STAT3 and STAT5A are potential therapeutic targets in castration-resistant prostate cancer

Oncotarget ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (49) ◽  
pp. 85997-86010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sambit K. Mohanty ◽  
Kader Yagiz ◽  
Dinesh Pradhan ◽  
Daniel J. Luthringer ◽  
Mahul B. Amin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Therapeutic Targets ◽  
Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer ◽  
Castration Resistant

scholarly journals An Emerging Landscape for Canonical and Actionable Molecular Alterations in Primary and Metastatic Prostate Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 1373-1382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy A. Dawson ◽  
Matthew Zibelman ◽  
Timothy Lindsay ◽  
Rebecca A. Feldman ◽  
Michelle Saul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Metastatic Prostate Cancer ◽  
Molecular Alterations
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