scholarly journals Accurate Assessment of Wheat and Triticale Cultivar Resistance to Septoria tritici and Stagonospora nodorum Infection by Biotin/Avidin ELISA

Plant Disease ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 89 (11) ◽  
pp. 1229-1234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shimin Tian ◽  
Gerhard A. Wolf ◽  
Joachim Weinert
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Infected Plant ◽  
Visual Assessment ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Septoria Tritici ◽  
Stagonospora Nodorum ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Leaf Blotch

Specific and quantitative biotin/avidin-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (BA-ELISA) were evaluated for their ability to assess resistance of wheat and triticale cultivars to Septoria tritici (leaf blotch) and Stagonospora nodorum (leaf and glume blotch) in field trials. Using BA-ELISAs, the antigen amounts of S. tritici and of Stagonospora nodorum were measured in the flag leaf (F) and the first leaf below it (F-1) of five cultivars of triticale at Zadok's growth stage (GS) 75–80 and in 11 cultivars of wheat at GS 73–75 in 2001 and 2002. The presence of the pathogens was found to be specific to parts of the plants, cultivar, and plant species. Stagonospora nodorum was the dominant leaf blotch pathogen in triticale, while both Septoria tritici and Stagonospora nodorum occurred commonly in wheat. Close correlations were obtained between the pathogen amount measured by BA-ELISA and the percentage of necrotic leaf area in the tested cultivars. The BA-ELISA values for the tested triticale and wheat cultivars were ranked, and they correlated well with the susceptibility ratings given in the cultivar list recommended by Bundessortenamt (German Federal Office of Plant Variety), which is based on visual assessment of the leaf blotch complex caused by S. tritici and Stagonospora nodorum. The relative susceptibilities of individual wheat cultivars to both pathogens were similar. In conclusion, BA-ELISA provided for an accurate diagnosis and quantification of S. tritici and Stagonospora nodorum in infected plant tissue, and therefore can be used to assess resistance to these fungi in a disease complex in both early-stage breeding lines and field trials.

scholarly journals Resistance of wheat cultivars and breeding lines to septoria tritici blotch caused by isolates of Mycosphaerella graminicola in field trials

2001 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 325-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. K. M. Brown ◽  
G. H. J. Kema ◽  
H.-R. Forrer ◽  
E. C. P. Verstappen ◽  
L. S. Arraiano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycosphaerella Graminicola ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Septoria Tritici Blotch ◽  
Septoria Tritici ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Breeding Lines

Leaf development in relation to infection by Stagonospora nodorum and Septoria tritici in wheat

1996 ◽  
Vol 47 (7) ◽  
pp. 1169
Author(s):  
BA Peters ◽  
R Loughman ◽  
Pdi Prinzio ◽  
Prinzio P Di
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Development ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Thermal Time ◽  
Septoria Tritici ◽  
Stagonospora Nodorum ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Leaf Production ◽  
Leaf Emergence ◽  
Sowing Dates

Disease and phenology were compared in 2 wheat cultivars (Aroona and Spear) differing in disease resistance and maturity, at early (April-May) to late (June) sowing dates in 1991 and 1992. The cultivars had similar rates of leaf development but the longer season cultivar Spear averaged up to one leaf more on the main stem than the midseason cultivar Aroona, depending on sowing date. The extra leaf production which delayed flag leaf emergence on Spear compared to Aroona at early sowings was associated with lower disease levels in 1991. The occurrence of leaf rust may have diminished this advantage in 1992. Resistance to Septoria tritici in Aroona did not affect disease progress compared to Spear. A comparison of disease over a segment of accumulated thermal time revealed that in 1991, under average seasonal conditions, the earliest sowing experienced the most disease. In 1992, above average late spring rainfall occurred and time of sowing had little influence on disease over the same segment of thermal time. We conclude that a cultivar appropriate for early sowing on the south coast should exhibit increasing leaf production in response to early sowing. This can result in a reduction of disease severity on the upper leaves through disease escape.

scholarly journals Reaction of winter wheat genotypes to infection by Mycosphaerella graminicola(Fuckel) Schroeter

2013 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 233-246
Author(s):  
Ewa Mirzwa-Mróz ◽  
Czesław Zamorski
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Mycosphaerella Graminicola ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Septoria Tritici ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Winter Wheat Cultivars

The response of Polish winter wheat genotypes to <i>M.graminicola</i> (preliminary experiments and cultivar collections) was observed in different regions of Poland. Observations were carried out in 1995-1999. The winter wheat genotypes showed a broad spectrum of reaction to this pathogen. Between 1997 and 1999 the highest degree of infection on winter wheat breeding lines was noted in Kończewice. During this time no genotypes free from infection were observed (preliminary breeding experiments). Cultivars with no symptoms of <i>Septoria tritici</i> blotch (Leszczyńska Wczesna and Żelazna) were found among old genotypes in Słupia Wielka only in earlier experiments (1995-1996). In the years 1997-1999 the winter wheat cultivars were classified into groups on the basis of their response to the pathogen. The degree of infection for the majority cultivars was quite high.

scholarly journals Use of Detached Seedling Leaf Test to Evaluate Wheat Resistance to Septoria Tritici Blotch

2011 ◽  
Vol 41 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 112-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Věchet ◽  
M. Vojáčková
Keyword(s):  
Field Tests ◽  
Resistance Breeding ◽  
Septoria Tritici Blotch ◽  
Septoria Tritici ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Winter Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Modern Wheat ◽  
Wheat Wild Relatives ◽  
Seedling Leaf

Two experimental sets of selected winter wheat cultivars, breeding lines, old Czech and Slovak landraces and wheat wild relatives were infected with three isolates (R-116, UH-105, BR-331) of Mycosphaerella graminicola (anamorph Septoria tritici) isolated in the Czech Republic. Groups of cultivars with different disease severity to all three isolates of the pathogen were found. Differences between old Czech and Slovak landraces and wild wheat relatives were larger than between modern wheat cultivars and breeding materials. In experiment one the isolate BR-331 differed significantly from the other two isolates in virulence to the tested modern wheat cultivars and breeding lines. The method is considered as suitable for preliminary screening in wheat resistance breeding or phytopathological testing and as a complement to field tests. &nbsp; &nbsp;

scholarly journals Reactions of winter wheat cultivars to Septoria nodorum Berk.

1989 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 379-385
Author(s):  
Pirjo Peltonen ◽  
Sinikka Karjalainen ◽  
Reijo Karjalainen
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Adult Plant ◽  
Lesion Length ◽  
Septoria Nodorum ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Seedling Plant ◽  
Plant Stage ◽  
Winter Wheat Cultivars

Twelve Finnish and foreign winter wheat cultivars and breeding lines were evaluated for resistance to Septoria nodorum at seedling and adult plant stage. Flag leaf severity varied between 6.5 and 20 % and ear severity between 2.5 and 10 %. In general, Cl 13091 and Skjaldar were the most resistant cultivars, while Hja 21614, Hja 21638, and Hankkijan Ilves were the most susceptible ones. Aura and Mironovskaja 808 were most resistant to ear infection, while Vakka and Hja 21638 were most susceptible. Assessment of susceptibility at the seedling stage was quite well correlated with ratings of adult plants in the field (r = 0.72). The correlation between lesion length and seedling plant Septoria severity was moderate (r = 0.68). Selection of wheat lines for Septoria resistance is discussed.

scholarly journals Septoria epidemics on wheat: combined use of visual assessment and PCR-based diagnostics to identify mechanisms of disease escape

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (SI 2 - 6th Conf EFPP 2002) ◽  
pp. 421-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.A. Fraaije ◽  
D.J. Lovell ◽  
S. Baldwin
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Visual Assessment ◽  
Septoria Tritici ◽  
Stagonospora Nodorum ◽  
Disease Development ◽  
Crop Height ◽  
Primary Mechanism ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Extent Of Disease

The effect of crop height on the epidemics of Septoria tritici and Stagonospora nodorum was investigated using visual assessment and PCR-based assays. Based on the results of our study, the primary mechanism of disease escape in tall crops is through a reduction of spore arrival. Real-time PCR is an important tool to quantify spore arrival and can, in combination with visual assessment, identify factors involved in the onset and extent of disease development.

scholarly journals Yield increases due to fungicide control of leaf blotch diseases in wheat and barley as a basis for IPM decision-making in the Nordic-Baltic region

2020 ◽  
Vol 158 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marja Jalli ◽  
Janne Kaseva ◽  
Björn Andersson ◽  
Andrea Ficke ◽  
Lise Nistrup-Jørgensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Tan Spot ◽  
Septoria Tritici Blotch ◽  
Septoria Tritici ◽  
Stagonospora Nodorum ◽  
Net Blotch ◽  
Baltic Region ◽  
Stagonospora Nodorum Blotch ◽  
Leaf Blotch

Abstract Fungal plant diseases driven by weather factors are common in European wheat and barley crops. Among these, septoria tritici blotch (Zymoseptoria tritici), tan spot (Pyrenophora tritici-repentis), and stagonospora nodorum blotch (Parastagonospora nodorum) are common in the Nordic-Baltic region at variable incidence and severity both in spring and winter wheat fields. In spring barley, net blotch (Pyrenophora teres), scald (Rhynchosporium graminicola, syn. Rhynchosporium commune) and ramularia leaf spot (Ramularia collo-cygni) are common yield limiting foliar diseases. We analysed data from 449 field trials from 2007 to 2017 in wheat and barley crops in the Nordic-Baltic region and explored the differences in severity of leaf blotch diseases between countries and years, and the impact of the diseases on yield. In the experiments, septoria tritici blotch dominated in winter wheat in Denmark and southern Sweden; while in Lithuania, both septoria tritici blotch and tan spot were common. In spring wheat, stagonospora nodorum blotch dominated in Norway and tan spot in Finland. Net blotch and ramularia leaf blotch were the most severe barley diseases over large areas, while scald occurred more locally and had less yield impact in all countries. Leaf blotch diseases, with severity >50% at DC 73–77, caused an average yield loss of 1072 kg/ha in winter wheat and 1114 kg/ha in spring barley across all countries over 5 years. These data verify a large regional and yearly variation in disease severity, distribution and impact on yield, emphasizing the need to adapt fungicide applications to the actual need based on locally adapted risk assessment systems.

scholarly journals Population Structure ofMycosphaerella graminicolaand Location of Genes for Resistance to the Pathogen: Recent Advances in Argentina

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Rosa Simón ◽  
Cristina A. Cordo ◽  
Nadia S. Castillo ◽  
Paul C. Struik ◽  
Andreas Börner
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Geographic Area ◽  
Mycosphaerella Graminicola ◽  
Septoria Tritici ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Leaf Blotch ◽  
The World ◽  
New Germplasm ◽  
New Cultivars

Leaf blotch of wheat (Septoria triticiRob. ex Desm., teleomorphMycosphaerella graminicola(Fückel) Schröt. in Cohn) causes significant losses in wheat. During the last decades studies about the genetic variability of the pathogen and location of the resistance have been intensive around the world. The knowledge about the genetic variation ofM. graminicolais very important because it could allow us to determine which genotypes predominate within a geographic area. It also can be used to evaluate the germplasm resistance of wheat cultivars with isolates with high genetic differences. In addition, the knowledge of the genes conditioning resistance in different genotypes allows getting precise combination in new germplasm. The incorporation of the known genes in new cultivars could contribute to broadening the resistance to the pathogen. A paper about genetic variability of the pathogen and location of the resistance, with special emphasis in the work carried out in Argentina, is presented.

scholarly journals Occurrence of Septoria tritici blotch in 1994-1996

2013 ◽  
Vol 50 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 11-26
Author(s):  
Czesław Zamorski ◽  
Bogdan Nowicki ◽  
Ewa Mirzwa-Mróz
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Weather Condition ◽  
Mycosphaerella Graminicola ◽  
Septoria Tritici Blotch ◽  
Septoria Tritici ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
High Infection ◽  
Winter Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Very High

The aim of the work was to study an occurrence and intensity of septoria tritici blotch on wheat in different regions of Poland as well as reaction of winter wheat cultivars and breeding lines to infection by <em>Mycosphaerella graminicola</em> (Fuckel) Schroeter (an. <em>Septoria tritici</em> ( Rob. ex Desm .) under field conditions. Observation conducted during 1994-1996 indicated on occurrence of septoria tritici blotch each year and on important infection degree of winter wheat by <em>Mycosphaerella gruminicola</em> in some regions of the country. The highest infection was noted in 1995 and the lowest in 1994. Infection degree for majority of cultivars was quite high. Some cultivars and lines were characterized by very high infection. Among them were the old (Kujawianka Więcławska and Wysokolitewka Sztywnosłoma) and the newest (Tercja) cultivars. On some old cultivars (Leszczyńska Wczesna and Żelazna) even no traces of infection were observed although favourable weather condition existance and the presence of neighbourhood diseased plants. Field observation of cultivars and breeding lines showed different reaction of tested wheat genotypes to <em>Mycosphaerella graminicola</em> infection.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document