scholarly journals Proteomic Analysis of Soybean Root Hairs After Infection by Bradyrhizobium japonicum

2005 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 458-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinrong Wan ◽  
Michael Torres ◽  
Ashwin Ganapathy ◽  
Jay Thelen ◽  
Beverly B. DaGue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bradyrhizobium Japonicum ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Root Hairs ◽  
Ionization Time ◽  
Soybean Root ◽  
Novel Proteins ◽  
Rhizobial Inoculation ◽  
Proteomic Study ◽  
Complex Events ◽  
Root Hair Infection

Infection of soybean root hairs by Bradyrhizobium japonicum is the first of several complex events leading to nodulation. In the current proteomic study, soybean root hairs after inoculation with B. japonicum were separated from roots. Total proteins were analyzed by two-dimensional (2-D) polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. In one experiment, 96 protein spots were analyzed by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry (MS) to compare protein profiles between uninoculated roots and root hairs. Another 37 spots, derived from inoculated root hairs over different timepoints, were also analyzed by tandem MS (MS/MS). As expected, some proteins were differentially expressed in root hairs compared with roots (e.g., a chitinase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase). Out of 37 spots analyzed by MS/MS, 27 candidate proteins were identified by database comparisons. These included several proteins known to respond to rhizobial inoculation (e.g., peroxidase and phenylalanine-ammonia lyase). However, novel proteins were also identified (e.g., phospholipase D and phosphoglucomutase). This research establishes an excellent system for the study of root-hair infection by rhizobia and, in a more general sense, the functional genomics of a single, plant cell type. The results obtained also indicate that proteomic studies with soybean, lacking a complete genome sequence, are practical.

scholarly journals Quantitative Phosphoproteomic Analysis of Soybean Root Hairs Inoculated with Bradyrhizobium japonicum

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1140-1155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tran Hong Nha Nguyen ◽  
Laurent Brechenmacher ◽  
Joshua T. Aldrich ◽  
Therese R. Clauss ◽  
Marina A. Gritsenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Hair ◽  
Bradyrhizobium Japonicum ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Magnetic Beads ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Root Hairs ◽  
Root Surface ◽  
Infection Process ◽  
Root Surface Area ◽  
Soybean Root

Root hairs are single hair-forming cells on roots that function to increase root surface area, enhancing water and nutrient uptake. In leguminous plants, root hairs also play a critical role as the site of infection by symbiotic nitrogen fixing rhizobia, leading to the formation of a novel organ, the nodule. The initial steps in the rhizobia-root hair infection process are known to involve specific receptor kinases and subsequent kinase cascades. Here, we characterize the phosphoproteome of the root hairs and the corresponding stripped roots (i.e. roots from which root hairs were removed) during rhizobial colonization and infection to gain insight into the molecular mechanism of root hair cell biology. We chose soybean (Glycine max L.), one of the most important crop plants in the legume family, for this study because of its larger root size, which permits isolation of sufficient root hair material for phosphoproteomic analysis. Phosphopeptides derived from root hairs and stripped roots, mock inoculated or inoculated with the soybean-specific rhizobium Bradyrhizobium japonicum, were labeled with the isobaric tag eight-plex iTRAQ, enriched using Ni-NTA magnetic beads and subjected to nanoRPLC-MS/MS1 analysis using HCD and decision tree guided CID/ETD strategy. A total of 1625 unique phosphopeptides, spanning 1659 nonredundant phosphorylation sites, were detected from 1126 soybean phosphoproteins. Among them, 273 phosphopeptides corresponding to 240 phosphoproteins were found to be significantly regulated (>1.5-fold abundance change) in response to inoculation with B. japonicum. The data reveal unique features of the soybean root hair phosphoproteome, including root hair and stripped root-specific phosphorylation suggesting a complex network of kinase-substrate and phosphatase-substrate interactions in response to rhizobial inoculation.

scholarly journals Soybean root system under the effect of Bradyrhizobium japonicum

2018 ◽  
Vol 0 (1) ◽  
pp. 138-143
Author(s):  
Ірина Ігорівна Гуменюк ◽  
Сергій Юрійович Грузінський ◽  
Ірина Степанівна Бровко ◽  
Ярослав Васильович Чабанюк
Keyword(s):  
Root System ◽  
Bradyrhizobium Japonicum ◽  
Soybean Root

scholarly journals The Role of Primary and Secondary Infection in Host Response to Plasmodiophora brassicae

2014 ◽  
Vol 104 (10) ◽  
pp. 1078-1087 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Ruth McDonald ◽  
Kalpana Sharma ◽  
Bruce D. Gossen ◽  
Abhinandan Deora ◽  
Jie Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodiophora Brassicae ◽  
Secondary Infection ◽  
Root Hairs ◽  
Secondary Phase ◽  
Primary Phase ◽  
Root Cortex ◽  
Resting Spores ◽  
Cortical Infection ◽  
Root Hair Infection

The disease cycle of Plasmodiophora brassicae consists of a primary phase in root hairs followed by a secondary phase in the root cortex and adjacent tissues. However, the role of root hair infection in subsequent cortical infection and development of P. brassicae is not well understood. To examine the role of the primary and secondary stages separately, inoculation studies with resting spores (source of primary zoospores) and secondary zoospores of a virulent and avirulent pathotype were conducted on canola (Brassica napus). The size of secondary zoospores and number of nuclei were also examined. The zoospores were larger (≈9.6 to 14.4 μm) than in previous reports and all were uninucleate. Inoculation with secondary zoospores alone produced both primary and secondary infection, even with the avirulent pathotype. No symptoms developed from inoculation with avirulent primary zoospores but tiny, bead-shaped clubs developed from inoculation with avirulent secondary zoospores. Inoculation with virulent secondary zoospores alone resulted in lower disease severity than inoculation with virulent resting spores alone. The results indicate that recognition of infection by the host and initiation of a response (induction or suppression of resistance) occurs during primary infection, although recognition can also occur during cortical infection and development.

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