Comparison of Microbiological Data

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
ASBC Technical Committe
Keyword(s):  
Microbiological Data

scholarly journals 304. Predictors of mortality in carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriales bacteremia

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S150-S150
Author(s):  
Michael R Hovan ◽  
Vanessa Cedarbaum ◽  
Thomas Kirn ◽  
Thomas Kirn
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Healthcare Facility ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
The United States ◽  
Empiric Therapy ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Threat Level ◽  
Infection Source ◽  
Microbiological Data

Abstract Background Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriales (CRE) bacteremia is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. CRE were assigned a threat level of “urgent” in the 2019 CDC report on antibiotic resistance in the United States. We attempted to identify predictors of 30-day mortality in patients with CRE bacteremia. Methods We performed a chart review of 146 patients with CRE bacteremia from January 2010 - July 2019. CRE was defined using the current CDC definition. Electronic medical records were reviewed to obtain clinical characteristics and outcomes including prior antibiotic use, comorbidities, prior location, treatment, hospital course, microbiological data and outcomes including in-hospital mortality. Results Of 146 patients included for analysis, the overall 30-day mortality rate was 36.3%. Patients admitted from a healthcare facility including outside hospitals, rehab, nursing homes, and LTACs had a 49.1% (29/59) 30-day mortality rate compared to 27.5% (24/87) for those admitted from home (RR=1.78, 95% CI 1.16–2.73, p=.0082). Patients with a Pitt bacteremia score ≥ 4 had a greater 30-day mortality rate (42.6%, 26/61) compared to those with a Pitt bacteremia score < 4 (17.6%, 15/85) (RR=2.92, 95% CI 1.40–4.16, p=.0015). Patients that received inactive empiric therapy had a 30-day mortality rate of 36% (36/100) compared to 36.9% (17/46) in those that received active empiric therapy (RR=.9741, 95% CI .6155-1.59, p=.9109). Patients with isolates determined to have a meropenem MIC ≥ 4 had a 30-day mortality rate of 40.2% (37/92) while those with an MIC < 4 had a 30-day mortality rate of 30.2% (16/53) (RR=1.33, 95% CI .8250–2.1513, p=.2408). A pulmonary source of bacteremia was associated with an increased risk of 30-day mortality (64.3%, 9/14) compared to all other sources of bacteremia (34.8%, 31/89) (RR=1.85, 95% CI 1.39–2.99, p=.0129). No other infection source was associated with an increased 30-day mortality rate. Conclusion Admission from a healthcare facility, Pitt bacteremia score ≥ 4, and pulmonary source of bacteremia were associated with increased risk of 30-day mortality. Interestingly, administration of active empiric therapy was not associated with a decreased mortality risk. Meropenem MIC was not predictive of 30-day mortality. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

scholarly journals Prevalence and characterization of extended spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacter cloacae strains in Algeria

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 804-811 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabrina Nedjai ◽  
Abouddihaj Barguigua ◽  
Nassima Djahmi ◽  
Loubna Jamali ◽  
Khalid Zerouali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enterobacter Cloacae ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
Agar Dilution ◽  
Synergy Test ◽  
High Level ◽  
Genomic Typing ◽  
Microbiological Data

Introduction: Expended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacter cloacae is an important nosocomial pathogen. In this study, the prevalence and the molecular epidemiology of ESBL producing E. cloacae strains isolated from various hospitals in Annaba, Algeria were investigated. Methodology: The study involved 63 isolates of E. cloacae obtained during 2009 at the four hospitals in Annaba. The detection of ESBL was performed using the double-disk synergy test and the combined disk test. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined using the agar dilution method. The presence of blaCTX-M, blaSHV, blaTEM, and blaDHA β-lactamase genes was evaluated by PCR, and genomic typing was determined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) analysis. The clinical and microbiological data were entered into the EpiI Info database. Results: Thirty isolates (47.6%) had an ESBL phenotype. BlaCTX-M group1 (76%); blaTEM (70%) were the most prevalent, followed by blaDHA (16.6%) and blaSHV (10%). Eighteen strains expressed at least two bla genes. MICs revealed a high level of resistance to cefotaxime, ceftazidime, and cefepime.  PFGE revealed an epidemic clonal dissemination of these isolates. Various risk factors associated with the occurrence of ESBL-producing E. cloacae were detected. Conclusions: A higher frequency of ESBL-producing isolates and a diversity of β-lactamases were detected among ESBL-producing E. cloacae; these resulted from an epidemic clonal dissemination and high transference of ESBL genes between bacteria in hospital settings. Strict measures will be required to control the further spread of these pathogens in hospital settings.

scholarly journals Experimental model for treatment of extended spectrum betalactamase producing-Klebsiella pneumoniae

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 168-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Virginia Michelon TOLEDO ◽  
Felipe Francisco TUON ◽  
Larissa BAIL ◽  
Francine MANENTE ◽  
Polliane ARRUDA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Experimental Model ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Experimental Sepsis ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Lethal Sepsis ◽  
Microbiological Data

BACKGROUND: Animal models are useful to evaluate the efficacy of antimicrobials in experimental sepsis. AIM: To elucidate the steps of producing an experimental model for the treatment of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae sepsis METHODS: Several ESBL inoculums ranging from 1.5x109 colony-forming units per milliliter (CFU/mL) to 2.0x1010 CFU/mL were administered by peritoneal injection in adults Wistar rats. Outcomes and microbiological data of quantitative peritoneal and blood cultures were observed in untreated animals. Animals which received 2.0x1010 CFU/mL inoculums were treated with single meropenem dose (30mg/kg) after one hour and those which received 1.0x1010 CFU/mL inoculums were treated immediately with three doses of meropenem 50 mg/kg. Outcomes were observed for 24 hours after inoculation. RESULTS: Solutions with 1.5 x109 and 6.0x109 CFU/mL were not lethal within 24 hours. Inoculums of 1.0x1010 CFU/mL were lethal in 80% and solutions with 2.0x1010 CFU/mL were lethal in 100% of animals. ESBL lethal sepsis (1.0x1010CFU/mL) was treated immediately with 50 mg/kg of meropenem every eight hours for 24 hours and presented 40% mortality compared with 80% mortality of the control group (p=0.033). Quantitative cultures of peritoneal fluid presented 104 CFU/mL or less for treated animals compared to more than 105 for untreated animals (p=0.001). CONCLUSION: Inoculums of 1.0x1010CFU/mL achieved the best results to study a model of lethal sepsis and this model of treatment of carbapenem-susceptible Enterobacteriaceae can serve as control to further evaluation of treatment of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae models.

scholarly journals Is Staphylococcus lugdunensis Significant in Clinical Samples?

2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (11) ◽  
pp. 3167-3174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xavier Argemi ◽  
Yves Hansmann ◽  
Philippe Riegel ◽  
Gilles Prévost
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogens ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Staphylococcus Lugdunensis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Severe Infections ◽  
Microbiological Data

ABSTRACTThe implication of coagulase-negative staphylococci in human diseases is a major issue, particularly in hospital settings wherein these species often act as opportunistic pathogens. In addition, some coagulase-negative staphylococci such asS. lugdunensishave emerged as pathogenic bacteria, implicated in severe infections, particularly, osteoarticular infections, foreign-body-associated infections, bacteremia, and endocarditis.In vitrostudies have shown the presence of several putative virulence factors such as adhesion factors, biofilm production, and proteolytic factors that might explain clinical manifestations. Taken together, the clinical and microbiological data might change the way clinicians and microbiologists look atS. lugdunensisin clinical samples.

scholarly journals Evidence for Microbial Fe(III) Reduction in Anoxic, Mining-Impacted Lake Sediments (Lake Coeur d'Alene, Idaho)

2000 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 154-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
David E. Cummings ◽  
Anthony W. March ◽  
Benjamin Bostick ◽  
Stefan Spring ◽  
Frank Caccavo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Reduction ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Coeur D'alene ◽  
Reduction Of Iron ◽  
Study Support ◽  
Reducing Bacteria ◽  
Microbiological Data

ABSTRACT Mining-impacted sediments of Lake Coeur d'Alene, Idaho, contain more than 10% metals on a dry weight basis, approximately 80% of which is iron. Since iron (hydr)oxides adsorb toxic, ore-associated elements, such as arsenic, iron (hydr)oxide reduction may in part control the mobility and bioavailability of these elements. Geochemical and microbiological data were collected to examine the ecological role of dissimilatory Fe(III)-reducing bacteria in this habitat. The concentration of mild-acid-extractable Fe(II) increased with sediment depth up to 50 g kg−1, suggesting that iron reduction has occurred recently. The maximum concentrations of dissolved Fe(II) in interstitial water (41 mg liter−1) occurred 10 to 15 cm beneath the sediment-water interface, suggesting that sulfidogenesis may not be the predominant terminal electron-accepting process in this environment and that dissolved Fe(II) arises from biological reductive dissolution of iron (hydr)oxides. The concentration of sedimentary magnetite (Fe3O4), a common product of bacterial Fe(III) hydroxide reduction, was as much as 15.5 g kg−1. Most-probable-number enrichment cultures revealed that the mean density of Fe(III)-reducing bacteria was 8.3 × 105 cells g (dry weight) of sediment−1. Two new strains of dissimilatory Fe(III)-reducing bacteria were isolated from surface sediments. Collectively, the results of this study support the hypothesis that dissimilatory reduction of iron has been and continues to be an important biogeochemical process in the environment examined.

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