Acetone-Insoluble Lecithin

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
AACC Technical
Keyword(s):  
Acetone Insoluble

The Complement-fixation test in bilharziasis I. The value of different extracts of Schistosoma mansoni and Fasciola hepatica worms as antigens

Parasitology ◽  
1954 ◽  
Vol 44 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 407-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Eliakim ◽  
A. Michael Davies
Keyword(s):  
Fasciola Hepatica ◽  
Skin Tests ◽  
Insoluble Residue ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Alcohol Extract ◽  
Acetone Insoluble ◽  
Antigenic Activity ◽  
Homologous Antigen ◽  
Active Portion ◽  
Hebrew University

1. Different extracts of adult worms of S. mansoni and F. hepatica have been examined in the C.F.T. for bilharziasis. Extracts of S. mansoni worms in Coca's solution, alcohol-ether and absolute alcohol after acetone extraction possess high antigenic activity, the first being the most specific but less sensitive than the others. Extracts in Coca's solution of alcohol-ether insoluble residues still showed slight activity while acetone and polysaccharide (formamide) extracts showed none.2. Using the Coca's extract of S. mansoni worms, the C.F.T. was positive in 83% of sera of untreated patients and 58% of treated. The figures using the alcohol-ether extract were 13 and 4% respectively and, for the alcoholic extract of acetone insoluble residue, 42 and 13%.3. Extracts of F. hepatica worms showed the same general trend, but even in the two extracts to show activity (alcohol-ether and alcohol extract of acetone insoluble material) the titre was too low for use in the test.4. Of rabbits immunized with three different fractions of S. mansoni worms only that given the Coca extract showed complement-fixing antibodies and then only with the homologous antigen. Skin tests on the rabbits were negative to each of the antigens used.5. The nature of the antigen in the C.F.T. is discussed, and it is suggested that the active portion is lipo-protein in nature or more than one substance is involved. For use in clinical diagnosis, an extract of S. mansoni worms in Coca's solution is recommended.Our grateful thanks are due to Mr O. D. Standen of the Wellcome Laboratories of Tropical Medicine, London, for his generous gift of worm powder, and to Professor G. Witenberg of the Hebrew University for his interest in our work.

Superiority of the Kolmer Antigen Reinforced with Acetone-Insoluble Lipoids

1940 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 275-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas K. Rathmell ◽  
Josephine Heacock ◽  
Martha Javer Fry
Keyword(s):  
Acetone Insoluble

The sulpholipids of plants I. The distribution of sulpholipids and phospholipids among the major plant classes

1963 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 605-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosemary Collier ◽  
G. Y. Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Paper Chromatography ◽  
Red Algae ◽  
Brown Algae ◽  
Broad Bean ◽  
Sphagnum Moss ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Paper Chromatogram ◽  
Single Spot ◽  
Acetone Insoluble

It is shown that sulpholipid is the predominant acetone-insoluble lipid of grass, sphagnum moss, Selaginella, and of some blue-green, green and brown algae.This sulpholipid is separable into three entities by paper chromatography.Phospholipid predominates over sulpholipid in red algae, fungi and the fluffy pericarp of the broad bean.The sulpholipid in these plant tissues gives a single spot on paper chromatogramA relationship between sulpholipids and photosynthesis is suggested.

The major fatty acids in whole milk fat and in a fraction obtained by crystallization from acetone

1969 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonja Mattsson ◽  
P. Swartling ◽  
R. Nilsson
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Insoluble Fraction ◽  
Long Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Acetone Insoluble ◽  
Whole Milk ◽  
Long Chain ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

SummarySummer and winter milk-fat samples from 14 dairies in Sweden were fractionated by crystallization from acetone solution (1:8) at 15 °C. The composition of the major fatty acids of the parent milk fat and of the acetone insoluble fraction were examined by GLC, and the gross triglyceride pattern by TLC on plates of silicic acid treated with silver nitrate.The fatty acid composition of the milk fat was similar to that of milk fat from other countries and varied according to season and also, to a smaller extent, from region to region. Four fractions, representing 33–45, 41–34, 18–14 and 7–6 % of the fat and which contained progressively smaller proportions of saturated acids, were obtained by TLC.The acetone insoluble glyceride (AIG) fraction was characterized by a smaller content of short-chain fatty acids and unsaturated fatty acids, and a larger content of saturated long-chain fatty acids, than the parent milk fat. AIGs from summer milk fat contained a larger proportion of C18 acids and a smaller proportion of C6–C16 acids than AIGs from winter milk fat.Four fractions representing 62–70, 15–8, 16–15 and 7 % of the AIG fraction were obtained by TLC. The distribution of the triglycerides in the AIG fraction differed from that in the parent milk fat, mostly in the relative amounts of glycerides in the 2 most saturated TLC fractions. The seasonal variation was largely confined to these 2 fractions.

scholarly journals Development of flow technology for the purification and production of food sunflower phospholipids

2019 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-131
Author(s):  
E. A. Shestakova ◽  
D. S. Raspopov ◽  
E. I. Verboloz
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Silica Gel ◽  
Ethyl Alcohol ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Liquid Product ◽  
Insoluble Fraction ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Acetone Insoluble ◽  
Russian Scientific

The completed research work is aimed at creating a continuous technology and machine-hardware purification scheme for phosphatide concentrate in an effective magneto-acoustic way. To separate modified of waste of deodorization and to obtain lecithins with a high content of phosphatidylcholines using distillation, selective solvent, ethyl alcohol and adsorbent-silica gel was used, and ultrasonic with an intensity of 10 W/cm2 in combination with a pulsating magnetic field of 2 Tl was used to increase its dissolving and absorbing ability. Such treatment in the stream provides obtaining a substantially bleached high-quality lecithin-containing product in the form of microgranules of an alcohol-insoluble fraction (remain on the filter) and a liquid fat-containing part with a low amount of waste absorbed by silica gel. The objectives of the study include studying the effect of hydrodynamic complex effects on the association and deassociation of free fatty acids and other related lipids in the composition of the waste of deodorization of sunflower oil, the rationale for the use of silica gel as an effective neutralizing and adsorbing agent, determining rational modes of the solvent (ethyl alcohol) distillation process in a vacuum molecular distiller for high-quality lecithin-containing liquid product. The relevance of the work «Improvement of the process and equipment for the distillation of waste of deodorization of vegetable oils processed in ultrasonic» is that at present in Russia this topic of the integrated use of ultrasonic, pulsating magnetic field and silica gel cleaning makes a significant novelty in Russian scientific works in this direction. The proposed technology for producing modified sunflower lecithins allows to obtain both fractionated lecithins with a mass fraction of acetone-insoluble substances of more than 60%, and skimmed, more hygrophilic lecithins with a mass fraction of acetone-insoluble substances up to 95% with an improved quality of cleaning from color and smelling substances at low acidity.

Liehen substances. IV. Incorporation of pulvinic-14C acids into calycin by the lichen Pseudocyphellaria crocata

1970 ◽  
Vol 48 (11) ◽  
pp. 1241-1248 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. S. G. Maass
Keyword(s):  
Radioactive Carbon ◽  
Acetone Insoluble

Pulvinic-14C acid, vulpinic-14C acid, and ethyl pulvinate-14C were found to be good precursors of calycin but not of pulvinic dilactone or of pulvinic acid normally present in Ps. crocata. Some of the labeled precursor became bound in acetone-insoluble materials before the radioactive carbon began to accumulate in calycin. Calycin probably arises by hydroxylation of a bound form of pulvinic acid.

scholarly journals The membrane lipids of Halobacterium halobium

1968 ◽  
Vol 110 (3) ◽  
pp. 441-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn L. Marshall ◽  
A. D. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Lipids ◽  
Soluble Fraction ◽  
Growth Cycle ◽  
Insoluble Fraction ◽  
Halobacterium Halobium ◽  
Lipid Phosphorus ◽  
Lipid Mixture ◽  
Whole Cells ◽  
Acetone Insoluble ◽  
Lipid Mixtures

The lipid content of the cell membrane of Halobacterium halobium increased from about 15% to 21% during exponential growth of the organism. Total lipid phosphorus more than doubled during the growth cycle. The mixture of membrane lipids from stationary-phase organisms was similar to lipid mixtures from whole cells of other halobacteria inasmuch as 80% of the lipid phosphorus occurred in a diether analogue of phosphatidylglycerophosphate and an additional 7·5% occurred in the ether analogue of phosphatidylglycerol. The lipid mixture was more complex than those reported for other halophils, however, 12 components being recognized in the acetone-insoluble fraction and 17 in the acetone-soluble fraction. There were major changes in the proportions of some minor components of the acetone-insoluble fraction during a growth cycle. Three nitrogenous lipids were recognized in the acetone-insoluble fraction, but all were present in relatively low proportion. One, which was not a phospholipid, contained a bound peptide. Of the 17 acetonesoluble compounds, 15 were pigments. The major carotenoids were α- and β-bacteriorubrin. The carotenoid pigments occurred at maximal concentration after 6–7 days' growth.

scholarly journals OBSERVATIONS ON THE WASSERMANN REACTION

1919 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 351-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul A. Lewis ◽  
H. S. Newcomer
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Human Complement ◽  
Recent Proposal ◽  
Definite Advantage ◽  
Acetone Insoluble ◽  
New Information ◽  
Wassermann Reaction

The Wassermann reaction carried out according to the method of McIntosh and Fildes, with cholesterolized antigen and with certain allowances for the presence of native anti-sheep amboceptor; leads to about the same result as when it is done according to the recent proposal of Noguchi, with the native human complement and acetone-insoluble lipoids as antigen. The differences are such as to suggest that from the point of view of diagnosis the Noguchi method is the more conservative but that there is definite advantage in using two metnods as distinct in origin of materials as these, partly for the purpose of control and partly in the hope of acquiring new information of importance. As a measure of control of treatment the cholesterol antigen appears to us to be the more valuable. The Wassermann reaction alone, by whatever method it may be done, can only be used in the diagnosis of syphilis in conjunction with presumption based on other grounds. That it fails to appear in a considerable percentage of syphilitics is well known. That the reaction is positive in other conditions is not so generally recognized. Fresh instances of this in certain febrile cases are here recorded.

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