scholarly journals Virulence evolution of a sterilizing plant virus: Tuning multiplication and resource exploitation

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Viji Vijayan ◽  
Silvia López-González ◽  
Flora Sánchez ◽  
Fernando Ponz ◽  
Israel Pagán
Keyword(s):  
Plant Virus ◽  
Resource Exploitation ◽  
Virulence Evolution

scholarly journals Virulence evolution of a generalist plant virus in a heterogeneous host system

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 875-890 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mónica Betancourt ◽  
Fernando Escriu ◽  
Aurora Fraile ◽  
Fernando García‐Arenal
Keyword(s):  
Plant Virus ◽  
Host System ◽  
Virulence Evolution

scholarly journals Non-competitive resource exploitation within-mosquito shapes evolution of malaria virulence

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Costa ◽  
M. Gildenhard ◽  
M. Eldering ◽  
R.L. Lindquist ◽  
A.E. Hauser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parasite Development ◽  
Mosquito Vector ◽  
Theoretical Studies ◽  
Resource Exploitation ◽  
Lipid Trafficking ◽  
Malaria Epidemiology ◽  
Virulence Evolution ◽  
Evolutionary Trajectories ◽  
Host Parasite

AbstractMalaria is a fatal human parasitic disease transmitted by a mosquito vector. The evolution of within-host malaria virulence has been the focus of many empirical and theoretical studies. However, the vector’s contribution to virulence evolution is not well understood. Here we explored how within-vector resource exploitation impacts evolutionary trajectories of within-host Plasmodium virulence. We developed a nested model of within-vector dynamics and malaria epidemiology, which predicted that non-competitive resource exploitation within-vector restricts within-host parasite virulence. To validate our model, we experimentally manipulated mosquito lipid trafficking and gauged within-vector parasite development, within-host infectivity and virulence. We found that mosquito-derived lipids determine within-host parasite virulence by shaping development and metabolic activity of transmissible sporozoites. Our findings uncover the role of within-vector environment in regulating within-host Plasmodium virulence and identify Plasmodium metabolic traits that may contribute to the evolution of malaria virulence.

Search mode for rapid detection of virus particles

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 286-287
Author(s):  
O. E. Bradfute
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Plant Virus ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Search Mode ◽  
Virus Diseases ◽  
Virus Particles ◽  
Focus Image ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Rapid Switching

Electron microscopy is frequently used in preliminary diagnosis of plant virus diseases by surveying negatively stained preparations of crude extracts of leaf samples. A major limitation of this method is the time required to survey grids when the concentration of virus particles (VPs) is low. A rapid survey of grids for VPs is reported here; the method employs a low magnification, out-of-focus Search Mode similar to that used for low dose electron microscopy of radiation sensitive specimens. A higher magnification, in-focus Confirm Mode is used to photograph or confirm the detection of VPs. Setting up the Search Mode by obtaining an out-of-focus image of the specimen in diffraction (K. H. Downing and W. Chiu, private communications) and pre-aligning the image in Search Mode with the image in Confirm Mode facilitates rapid switching between Modes.

PRESERVING AND PROMOTING LOCAL KNOWLEDGE IN ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AND NATURAL RESOURCE EXPLOITATION AND USE OF ETHNIC MINORITIES IN THE NORTHERN MOUNTAINOUS REGION

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vu Thi Thanh Minh
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Ethnic Minorities ◽  
Natural Resource ◽  
Local Knowledge ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Mountainous Region ◽  
Resource Exploitation ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Natural Resource Exploitation

Ethnic minorities in the Northern Mountainous Region not only use the application of scientific-technological advances but also experiences of the community to enhance production efficiency and environmental protection. Local knowledge (TTDP) of ethnic minorities is useful for environmental protection and natural resource exploitation & use. These are environmental & weather knowledge; farming experiences on sloping and forestry land; knowledge about environmental protection and natural resource exploitation & use especially how to protect precious resources by specific rules/regulations of customary law. In the context of declining natural resources, TTDP is eroded, captured, or illegally exploited. There should be measures in order to preserve and promote TTDP as well as raise the awareness of the community about its important role.

The transformative power of European technology in resource exploitation: reflections on the oil presses and railways of colonial Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 555-582
Author(s):  
Nkemjika Chimee
Keyword(s):  
Technological Innovations ◽  
Resource Exploitation ◽  
Transformative Power ◽  
The North ◽  
Indigenous Production ◽  
Impact Of Technology ◽  
Transformative Impact ◽  
North And South ◽  
European Technology

Technological innovations, which in the nineteenth century were principally developed by European nations, were a crucial factor in transforming economies – not only those of the countries in which they originated, but also those of their colonies. This case study of Nigeria explores the way the British controlled the colony and subjugated the local people as a result of their superior technology. Upon taking over the territory, to aid the country's economic development, they began to construct railway lines to link major resource zones of the north and south. This facilitated the more efficient shipment of natural resources from these zones to the coastal ports for onward shipment to Britain. Indigenous production and the rendering of palm oil were transformed by the introduction of oil presses. The article examines the transformative impact of technology in resource exploitation, focusing specifically on railways and oil presses and their impact on Nigerian society.

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