Molecular mechanisms for magnesium-deficiency-induced leaf vein lignification, enlargement and cracking in Citrus sinensis revealed by RNA-Seq

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Ye ◽  
Hui-Yu Huang ◽  
Feng-Lin Wu ◽  
Li-Ya Cai ◽  
Ning-Wei Lai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Citrus Sinensis ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Magnesium Deficiency ◽  
Lignin Biosynthesis ◽  
Common Elements ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Transcript Levels ◽  
Mg Deficiency ◽  
Leaf Vein

Abstract Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck seedlings were fertigated with nutrient solution containing 2 [magnesium (Mg)-sufficiency] or 0 mM (Mg-deficiency) Mg(NO3)2 for 16 weeks. Thereafter, RNA-Seq was used to investigate Mg-deficiency-responsive genes in the veins of upper and lower leaves in order to understand the molecular mechanisms for Mg-deficiency-induced vein lignification, enlargement and cracking, which appeared only in the lower leaves. In this study, 3065 upregulated and 1220 downregulated, and 1390 upregulated and 375 downregulated genes were identified in Mg-deficiency veins of lower leaves (MDVLL) vs Mg-sufficiency veins of lower leaves (MSVLL) and Mg-deficiency veins of upper leaves (MDVUL) vs Mg-sufficiency veins of upper leaves (MSVUL), respectively. There were 1473 common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between MDVLL vs MSVLL and MDVUL vs MSVUL, 1463 of which displayed the same expression trend. Magnesium-deficiency-induced lignification, enlargement and cracking in veins of lower leaves might be related to the following factors: (i) numerous transciption factors and genes involved in lignin biosynthesis pathways, regulation of cell cycle and cell wall metabolism were upregulated; and (ii) reactive oxygen species, phytohormone and cell wall integrity signalings were activated. Conjoint analysis of proteome and transcriptome indicated that there were 287 and 56 common elements between DEGs and differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) identified in MDVLL vs MSVLL and MDVUL vs MSVUL, respectively, and that among these common elements, the abundances of 198 and 55 DAPs matched well with the transcript levels of the corresponding DEGs in MDVLL vs MSVLL and MDVUL vs MSVUL, respectively, indicating the existence of concordances between protein and transcript levels.

Molecular and physiological mechanisms underlying magnesium-deficiency-induced enlargement, cracking and lignification of Citrus sinensis leaf veins

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (9) ◽  
pp. 1277-1291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Ye ◽  
Xu-Feng Chen ◽  
Li-Ya Cai ◽  
Ning-Wei Lai ◽  
Chong-Ling Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Citrus Sinensis ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Rho Gtpase ◽  
Magnesium Deficiency ◽  
Lignin Biosynthesis ◽  
Starch Accumulation ◽  
Ascorbate Oxidase ◽  
Mg Deficiency ◽  
Leaf Veins

Abstract Little is known about the physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying magnesium (Mg)-deficiency-induced enlargement, cracking and lignification of midribs and main lateral veins of Citrus leaves. Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck seedlings were irrigated with nutrient solution at a concentration of 0 (Mg-deficiency) or 2 (Mg-sufficiency) mM Mg(NO3)2 for 16 weeks. Enlargement, cracking and lignification of veins occurred only in lower leaves, but not in upper leaves. Total soluble sugars (glucose + fructose + sucrose), starch and cellulose concentrations were less in Mg-deficiency veins of lower leaves (MDVLL) than those in Mg-sufficiency veins of lower leaves (MSVLL), but lignin concentration was higher in MDVLL than that in MSVLL. However, all four parameters were similar between Mg-deficiency veins of upper leaves (MDVUL) and Mg-sufficiency veins of upper leaves (MSVUL). Using label-free, liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis, we identified 1229 and 492 differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) in MDVLL vs MSVLL and MDVUL vs MSVUL, respectively. Magnesium-deficiency-induced alterations of Mg, nonstructural carbohydrates, cell wall components, and protein profiles were greater in veins of lower leaves than those in veins of upper leaves. The increased concentration of lignin in MDVLL vs MSVLL might be caused by the following factors: (i) repression of cellulose and starch accumulation promoted lignin biosynthesis; (ii) abundances of proteins involved in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway, hormone biosynthesis and glutathione metabolism were increased; and (iii) the abundances of the other DAPs [viz., copper/zinc-superoxide dismutase, ascorbate oxidase (AO) and ABC transporters] involved in lignin biosynthesis were elevated. Also, the abundances of several proteins involved in cell wall metabolism (viz., expansins, Rho GTPase-activating protein gacA, AO, monocopper oxidase-like protein and xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase) were increased in MDVLL vs MSVLL, which might be responsible for the enlargement and cracking of leaf veins.

scholarly journals Magnesium Deficiency Induced Global Transcriptome Change in Citrus sinensis Leaves Revealed by RNA-Seq

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (13) ◽  
pp. 3129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang ◽  
Zhou ◽  
Wang ◽  
Wu ◽  
Ye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Citrus Sinensis ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Magnesium Deficiency ◽  
Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Co2 Assimilation ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
H2o2 Production ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Mg Deficiency ◽  
Real Time Quantitative Pcr

Magnesium (Mg) deficiency is one of the major constraining factors that limit the yield and quality of agricultural products. Uniform seedlings of the Citrus sinensis were irrigated with Mg deficient (0 mM MgSO4) and Mg sufficient (1 mM MgSO4) nutrient solutions for 16 weeks. CO2 assimilation, starch, soluble carbohydrates, TBARS content and H2O2 production were measured. Transcriptomic analysis of C. sinensis leaves was performed by Illumina sequencing. Our results showed that Mg deficiency decreased CO2 assimilation, but increased starch, sucrose, TBARS content and H2O2 production in C. sinensis leaves. A total of 4864 genes showed differential expression in response to Mg deficiency revealed by RNA-Seq and the transcriptomic data were further validated by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis indicated that the mechanisms underlying Mg deficiency tolerance in C. sinensis may be attributed to the following aspects: a) enhanced microtubule-based movement and cell cycle regulation; b) elevated signal transduction in response to biotic and abiotic stimuli; c) alteration of biological processes by tightly controlling phosphorylation especially protein phosphorylation; d) down-regulation of light harvesting and photosynthesis due to the accumulation of carbohydrates; e) up-regulation of cell wall remodeling and antioxidant system. Our results provide a comprehensive insight into the transcriptomic profile of key components involved in the Mg deficiency tolerance in C. sinensis and enrich our understanding of the molecular mechanisms by which plants adapted to a Mg deficient condition.

scholarly journals OsMGT1 Confers Resistance to Magnesium Deficiency By Enhancing the Import of Mg in Rice

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludan Zhang ◽  
Yuyang Peng ◽  
Jian Li ◽  
Xinyue Tian ◽  
Zhichang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Magnesium Deficiency ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Tissue Expression ◽  
Mesophyll Cells ◽  
Mg Deficiency ◽  
Biochemical Processes ◽  
Essential Nutrient ◽  
Mg Content

Magnesium (Mg) is an essential nutrient element for plant growth and plays an important role in numerous physiological and biochemical processes. Mg deficiency inhibits plant growth and has become a growing problem for crop productions in agriculture. However, the molecular mechanisms for the resistance to Mg deficiency in plants were not well understood. In this study, we identified a Mg transporter gene OsMGT1 that confers resistance to Mg deficiency in rice (Oryza sativa). The expression of OsMGT1 was highly induced by Mg deficiency in shoots. Investigation of tissue expression patterns revealed that OsMGT1 was mainly expressed in the phloem region; however, Mg deficiency remarkably enhanced its expression in xylem parenchyma and mesophyll cells in shoots. Knockout of OsMGT1 resulted in a significant reduction in Mg content and biomass when grown at Mg-limited conditions. Furthermore, the sensitivity to low-Mg in mutants was intensified by excessive calcium supply. In addition, overexpression of OsMGT1 increased Mg content and biomass under low-Mg supply. In conclusion, our results indicate that OsMGT1 plays an important role in rice Mg import and is required for the resistance to Mg deficiency, which can be utilized for molecular breeding of low-Mg tolerant plants.

scholarly journals Transcriptome Analysis Unravels Metabolic and Molecular Pathways Related to Fruit Sac Granulation in a Late-Ripening Navel Orange (Citrus sinensis Osbeck)

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Ming Wu ◽  
Ce Wang ◽  
Li-Gang He ◽  
Zhi-Jing Wang ◽  
Zhu Tong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Citrus Sinensis ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Winter Temperature ◽  
Soluble Solid Content ◽  
Navel Orange ◽  
Cell Wall Metabolism ◽  
Qrt Pcr

Lanelate navel orange (Citrus sinensis Osbeck) is a late-ripening citrus cultivar increasingly planted in China. The physiological disorder juice sac granulation often occurs in the fruit before harvest, but the physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying this disorder remain elusive. In this study, we found that fruit granulation of the late-ripening navel orange in the Three Gorges area is mainly caused by the low winter temperature in high altitude areas. Besides, dynamic changes of water content in the fruit after freezing were clarified. The granulation of fruit juice sacs resulted in increases in cell wall cellulose and decreases in soluble solid content, and the cells gradually became shrivelled and hollow. Meanwhile, the contents of pectin, cellulose, and lignin in juice sac increased with increasing degrees of fruit granulation. The activities of pectin methylesterase (PME) and the antioxidant enzymes peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase, and catalase increased, while those of polygalacturonase (PG) and cellulose (CL) decreased. Furthermore, a total of 903 differentially expressed genes were identified in the granulated fruit as compared with non-disordered fruit using RNA-sequencing, most of which were enriched in nine metabolic pathways, and qRT-PCR results suggested that the juice sac granulation is closely related to cell wall metabolism. In addition, the expression of PME involved in pectin decomposition was up-regulated, while that of PG was down-regulated. Phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), cinnamol dehydrogenase (CAD), and POD related to lignin synthesis were up-regulated, while CL involved in cellulose decomposition was down-regulated. The expression patterns of these genes were in line with those observed in low-temperature treatment as revealed by qRT-PCR, further confirming that low winter temperature is associated with the fruit granulation of late-ripening citrus. Accordingly, low temperature would aggravate the granulation by affecting cell wall metabolism of late-ripening citrus fruit.

scholarly journals Tissue-Specific Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Lignocellulose Synthesis Regulation in Elephant Grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenqing Zhang ◽  
Shengkui Zhang ◽  
Xianqin Lu ◽  
Can Li ◽  
Xingwang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
Cellulose Synthesis ◽  
Elephant Grass ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Lignin Synthesis

Abstract Background: The characteristics of elephant grass, especially its stem lignocellulose, are of great significance for its quality as feed or other industrial raw materials. However, the research on lignocellulose biosynthesis pathway and key genes is limited because the genome of elephant grass has not been deciphered.Results: In this study, RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) combined with lignocellulose content analysis and cell wall morphology observation using elephant grass stems from different development stages as materials were applied to reveal the genes that regulate the synthesis of cellulose and lignin. A total of 3852 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in three periods of T1, T2, and T3 through RNA-seq analysis. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis of all DEGs showed that the two most abundant metabolic pathways were phenylpropane metabolism, starch and sucrose metabolism, which were closely related to cell wall development, hemicellulose, lignin and cellulose synthesis. Through weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) of DEGs, a ‘blue’ module highly associated with cellulose synthesis and a ‘turquoise’ module highly correlated with lignin synthesis were exhibited. A total of 43 candidate genes were screened, of which 17 had function annotations in other species. Besides, by analyzing the content of lignocellulose in the stem tissues of elephant grass at different developmental stages and the expression levels of genes such as CesA, PAL, CAD, C4H, COMT, CCoAMT, F5H and CCR, it was found that the content of lignocellulose was related to the expression level of these structural genes.Conclusions: This study provides a basis for further understanding the molecular mechanisms of cellulose and lignin synthesis pathways of elephant grass, and offers a unique and extensive list of candidate genes for future specialized functional studies which may promote the development of high-quality elephant grass varieties with high cellulose and low lignin content.

scholarly journals Tissue-Specific Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Lignocellulose Synthesis Regulation in Elephant Grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenqing Zhang ◽  
Shengkui Zhang ◽  
Xianqin Lu ◽  
Can Li ◽  
Xingwang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
Cellulose Synthesis ◽  
Elephant Grass ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Lignin Synthesis

Abstract Background: The characteristics of elephant grass, especially its stem lignocellulose, are of great significance for its quality as feed or other industrial raw materials. However, the research on lignocellulose biosynthesis pathway and key genes is limited because the genome of elephant grass has not been deciphered.Results: In this study, RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) combined with lignocellulose content analysis and cell wall morphology observation using elephant grass stems from different development stages as materials were applied to reveal the genes that regulate the synthesis of cellulose and lignin. A total of 3852 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in three periods of T1, T2, and T3 through RNA-seq analysis. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis of all DEGs showed that the two most abundant metabolic pathways were phenylpropane metabolism, starch and sucrose metabolism, which were closely related to cell wall development, hemicellulose, lignin and cellulose synthesis. Through weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) of DEGs, a ‘blue’ module highly associated with cellulose synthesis and a ‘turquoise’ module highly correlated with lignin synthesis were exhibited. A total of 43 candidate genes were screened, of which 17 had function annotations in other species. Besides, by analyzing the content of lignocellulose in the stem tissues of elephant grass at different developmental stages and the expression levels of genes such as CesA, PAL, CAD, C4H, COMT, CCoAMT, F5H and CCR, it was found that the content of lignocellulose was related to the expression level of these structural genes.Conclusions: This study provides a basis for further understanding the molecular mechanisms of cellulose and lignin synthesis pathways of elephant grass, and offers a unique and extensive list of candidate genes for future specialized functional studies which may promote the development of high-quality elephant grass varieties with high cellulose and low lignin content.

scholarly journals Tissue-Specific Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Lignocellulose Synthesis Regulation in Elephant Grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenqing Zhang ◽  
Shengkui Zhang ◽  
Xianqin Lu ◽  
Can Li ◽  
Xingwang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
Cellulose Synthesis ◽  
Elephant Grass ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Lignin Synthesis

Abstract Background: The characteristics of elephant grass, especially its stem lignocellulose, are of great significance for its quality as feed or other industrial raw materials. However, the research on lignocellulose biosynthesis pathway and key genes is limited because the genome of elephant grass has not been deciphered.Results: In this study, RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) combined with lignocellulose content analysis and cell wall morphology observation using elephant grass stems from different development stages as materials were applied to reveal the genes that regulate the synthesis of cellulose and lignin. A total of 3852 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in three periods of T1, T2, and T3 through RNA-seq analysis. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis of all DEGs showed that the two most abundant metabolic pathways were phenylpropane metabolism, starch and sucrose metabolism, which were closely related to cell wall development, hemicellulose, lignin and cellulose synthesis. Through weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) of DEGs, a ‘blue’ module highly associated with cellulose synthesis and a ‘turquoise’ module highly correlated with lignin synthesis were exhibited. A total of 43 candidate genes were screened, of which 17 had function annotations in other species. Besides, by analyzing the content of lignocellulose in the stem tissues of elephant grass at different developmental stages and the expression levels of genes such as CesA, PAL, CAD, C4H, COMT, CCoAMT, F5H and CCR, it was found that the content of lignocellulose was related to the expression level of these structural genes.Conclusions: This study provides a basis for further understanding the molecular mechanisms of cellulose and lignin synthesis pathways of elephant grass, and offers a unique and extensive list of candidate genes for future specialized functional studies which may promote the development of high-quality elephant grass varieties with high cellulose and low lignin content.

scholarly journals Tissue-Specific Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Lignocellulose Synthesis Regulation in Elephant Grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenqing Zhang ◽  
Shengkui Zhang ◽  
Xianqin Lu ◽  
Can Li ◽  
Xingwang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
Cellulose Synthesis ◽  
Elephant Grass ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Lignin Synthesis

Abstract Background: The characteristics of elephant grass, especially its stem lignocellulose, are of great significance for its quality as feed or other industrial raw materials. However, the research on lignocellulose biosynthesis pathway and key genes is limited because the genome of elephant grass has not been deciphered.Results: In this study, RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) combined with lignocellulose content analysis and cell wall morphology observation using elephant grass stems from different development stages as materials were applied to reveal the genes that regulate the synthesis of cellulose and lignin. A total of 3852 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in three periods of T1, T2, and T3 through RNA-seq analysis. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis of all DEGs showed that the two most abundant metabolic pathways were phenylpropane metabolism, starch and sucrose metabolism, which were closely related to cell wall development, hemicellulose, lignin and cellulose synthesis. Through weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) of DEGs, a ‘blue’ module highly associated with cellulose synthesis and a ‘turquoise’ module highly correlated with lignin synthesis were exhibited. A total of 43 candidate genes were screened, of which 17 had function annotations in other species. Besides, by analyzing the content of lignocellulose in the stem tissues of elephant grass at different developmental stages and the expression levels of genes such as CesA, PAL, CAD, C4H, COMT, CCoAMT, F5H and CCR, it was found that the content of lignocellulose was related to the expression level of these structural genes.Conclusions: This study provides a basis for further understanding the molecular mechanisms of cellulose and lignin synthesis pathways of elephant grass, and offers a unique and extensive list of candidate genes for future specialized functional studies which may promote the development of high-quality elephant grass varieties with high cellulose and low lignin content.

scholarly journals Identification of Candidate Genes Involved in Fruit Ripening and Crispness Retention Through Transcriptome Analyses of a ‘Honeycrisp’ Population

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1335
Author(s):  
Hsueh-Yuan Chang ◽  
Cindy B. S. Tong
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Fruit Ripening ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Phenotypic Differences ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Phenotypic Groups

Crispness retention is a postharvest trait that fruit of the ’Honeycrisp’ apple and some of its progeny possess. To investigate the molecular mechanisms of crispness retention, progeny individuals derived from a ’Honeycrisp’ × MN1764 population with fruit that either retain crispness (named “Retain”), lose crispness (named “Lose”), or that are not crisp at harvest (named “Non-crisp”) were selected for transcriptomic comparisons. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using RNA-Seq, and the expression levels of the DEGs were validated using nCounter®. Functional annotation of the DEGs revealed distinct ripening behaviors between fruit of the “Retain” and “Non-crisp” individuals, characterized by opposing expression patterns of auxin- and ethylene-related genes. However, both types of genes were highly expressed in the fruit of “Lose” individuals and ’Honeycrisp’, which led to the potential involvements of genes encoding auxin-conjugating enzyme (GH3), ubiquitin ligase (ETO), and jasmonate O-methyltransferase (JMT) in regulating fruit ripening. Cell wall-related genes also differentiated the phenotypic groups; greater numbers of cell wall synthesis genes were highly expressed in fruit of the “Retain” individuals and ’Honeycrisp’ when compared with “Non-crisp” individuals and MN1764. On the other hand, the phenotypic differences between fruit of the “Retain” and “Lose” individuals could be attributed to the functioning of fewer cell wall-modifying genes. A cell wall-modifying gene, MdXTH, was consistently identified as differentially expressed in those fruit over two years in this study, so is a major candidate for crispness retention.

scholarly journals Tissue-specific Transcriptome analysis reveals lignocellulose synthesis regulation in elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum)

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenqing Zhang ◽  
Shengkui Zhang ◽  
Xianqin Lu ◽  
Can Li ◽  
Xingwang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
Cellulose Synthesis ◽  
Elephant Grass ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Lignin Synthesis

Abstract Background The characteristics of elephant grass, especially its stem lignocellulose, are of great significance for its quality as feed or other industrial raw materials. However, the research on lignocellulose biosynthesis pathway and key genes is limited because the genome of elephant grass has not been deciphered. Results In this study, RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) combined with lignocellulose content analysis and cell wall morphology observation using elephant grass stems from different development stages as materials were applied to reveal the genes that regulate the synthesis of cellulose and lignin. A total of 3852 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in three periods of T1, T2, and T3 through RNA-seq analysis. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis of all DEGs showed that the two most abundant metabolic pathways were phenylpropane metabolism, starch and sucrose metabolism, which were closely related to cell wall development, hemicellulose, lignin and cellulose synthesis. Through weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) of DEGs, a ‘blue’ module highly associated with cellulose synthesis and a ‘turquoise’ module highly correlated with lignin synthesis were exhibited. A total of 43 candidate genes were screened, of which 17 had function annotations in other species. Besides, by analyzing the content of lignocellulose in the stem tissues of elephant grass at different developmental stages and the expression levels of genes such as CesA, PAL, CAD, C4H, COMT, CCoAMT, F5H and CCR, it was found that the content of lignocellulose was related to the expression level of these structural genes. Conclusions This study provides a basis for further understanding the molecular mechanisms of cellulose and lignin synthesis pathways of elephant grass, and offers a unique and extensive list of candidate genes for future specialized functional studies which may promote the development of high-quality elephant grass varieties with high cellulose and low lignin content.

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