scholarly journals Intrinsic Cortico-Subcortical Functional Connectivity in Developmental Dyslexia and Developmental Coordination Disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabien Cignetti ◽  
Federico Nemmi ◽  
Marianne Vaugoyeau ◽  
Nadine Girard ◽  
Jean-Michel Albaret ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Developmental Dyslexia ◽  
Posterior Parietal Cortex ◽  
Developmental Coordination Disorder ◽  
Resting State Fmri ◽  
Typical Development ◽  
Large N ◽  
Common Etiology ◽  
Posterior Parietal ◽  
Coordination Disorder

Abstract Developmental dyslexia (DD) and developmental coordination disorder (DCD) are distinct diagnostic disorders. However, they also frequently co-occur and may share a common etiology. It was proposed conceptually a neural network framework that explains differences and commonalities between DD and DCD through impairments of distinct or intertwined cortico-subcortical connectivity pathways. The present study addressed this issue by exploring intrinsic cortico-striatal and cortico-cerebellar functional connectivity in a large (n = 136) resting-state fMRI cohort study of 8–12-year-old children with typical development and with DD and/or DCD. We delineated a set of cortico-subcortical functional circuits believed to be associated with the brain’s main functions (visual, somatomotor, dorsal attention, ventral attention, limbic, frontoparietal control, and default-mode). Next, we assessed, using general linear and multiple kernel models, whether and which circuits distinguished between the groups. Findings revealed that somatomotor cortico-cerebellar and frontoparietal cortico-striatal circuits are affected in the presence of DCD, including abnormalities in cortico-cerebellar connections targeting motor-related regions and cortico-striatal connections mapping onto posterior parietal cortex. Thus, DCD but not DD may be considered as an impairment of cortico-subcortical functional circuits.

scholarly journals Functional connectivity based brain signatures of behavioral regulation in children with ADHD, DCD, and ADHD-DCD

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Christiane S. Rohr ◽  
Signe L. Bray ◽  
Deborah M. Dewey
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Developmental Coordination Disorder ◽  
Resting State Fmri ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Behavioral Regulation ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Behavior Rating Inventory ◽  
Reward Pathways ◽  
Coordination Disorder

Abstract Behavioral regulation problems have been associated with daily-life and mental health challenges in children with neurodevelopmental conditions such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and developmental coordination disorder (DCD). Here, we investigated transdiagnostic brain signatures associated with behavioral regulation. Resting-state fMRI data were collected from 115 children (31 typically developing (TD), 35 ADHD, 21 DCD, 28 ADHD-DCD) aged 7–17 years. Behavioral regulation was measured using the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function and was found to differ between children with ADHD (i.e., children with ADHD and ADHD-DCD) and without ADHD (i.e., TD children and children with DCD). Functional connectivity (FC) maps were computed for 10 regions of interest and FC maps were tested for correlations with behavioral regulation scores. Across the entire sample, greater behavioral regulation problems were associated with stronger negative FC within prefrontal pathways and visual reward pathways, as well as with weaker positive FC in frontostriatal reward pathways. These findings significantly increase our knowledge on FC in children with and without ADHD and highlight the potential of FC as brain-based signatures of behavioral regulation across children with differing neurodevelopmental conditions.

scholarly journals Functional Connectivity based Brain Signatures of Behavioral Regulation in Children with ADHD, DCD and ADHD-DCD

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christiane S. Rohr ◽  
Signe Bray ◽  
Deborah Dewey
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Developmental Coordination Disorder ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Resting State Fmri ◽  
Behavioral Regulation ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Life Challenges ◽  
Coordination Disorder

ABSTRACTBackgroundChildren with neurodevelopmental disorders such as Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) often struggle with behavioral self-regulation (BR), which is associated with daily-life challenges. ADHD sometimes presents with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD), but little is known about BR in DCD. BR is thought to involve limbic, prefrontal, parietal and temporal brain areas. Given the risk for negative outcomes, gaining a better understanding of the brain mechanisms underlying BR in children with ADHD and/or DCD is imperative.MethodsResting-state fMRI data collected from 115 children (31 typically developing (TD), 35 ADHD, 21 DCD, 28 ADHD-DCD) aged 7-17 years were preprocessed and motion was mitigated using ICA-AROMA. Emotion control, inhibition, and shifting were assessed as subdomains of BR. Functional connectivity (FC) maps were computed for ten limbic, prefrontal, parietal and temporal regions of interest and were investigated for associations with BR subdomains across all participants as well as for significant group differences.ResultsMultiple FC patterns were associated with BR across all participants. Some FC patterns were associated with multiple BR subdomains, while others were associated with only one. Differences in BR were found only between children with ADHD (i.e. ADHD and ADHD-DCD) and those without ADHD (i.e. TD and DCD). FC differences were also found between children with and without ADHD.ConclusionsOur results show dimensional associations between BR subdomain scores and whole-brain FC and highlight the potential of these associative patterns as brain-based signatures of BR in children with and without ADHD.

scholarly journals Children With Developmental Coordination Disorder Play Active Virtual Reality Games Differently Than Children With Typical Development

2015 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 360-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leandra Gonsalves ◽  
Amity Campbell ◽  
Lynn Jensen ◽  
Leon Straker
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Linear Mixed Model ◽  
Developmental Coordination Disorder ◽  
Movement Patterns ◽  
Typical Development ◽  
Motor Patterns ◽  
Movement Quality ◽  
Hand Path ◽  
Coordination Disorder

BackgroundActive virtual reality gaming (AVG) may be useful for children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) to practice motor skills if their movement patterns are of good quality while engaged in AVG.ObjectiveThis study aimed to examine: (1) the quality of motor patterns of children with DCD participating in AVG by comparing them with children with typical development (TD) and (2) whether differences existed in the motor patterns utilized with 2 AVG types: Sony PlayStation 3 Move and Microsoft Xbox 360 Kinect.DesignThis was a quasi-experimental, biomechanical laboratory–based study.MethodsTwenty-one children with DCD, aged 10 to 12 years, and 19 age- and sex-matched children with TD played a match of table tennis on each AVG type. Hand path, wrist angle, and elbow angle were recorded using a motion analysis system. Linear mixed-model analyses were used to determine differences between DCD and TD groups and Move and Kinect AVG type for forehands and backhands.ResultsChildren with DCD utilized a slower hand path speed (backhand mean difference [MD]=1.20 m/s; 95% confidence interval [95% CI]=0.41, 1.98); greater wrist extension (forehand MD=34.3°; 95% CI=22.6, 47.0); and greater elbow flexion (forehand MD=22.3°; 95% CI=7.4, 37.1) compared with children with TD when engaged in AVG. There also were differences in movement patterns utilized between AVG types.LimitationsOnly simple kinematic measures were compared, and no data regarding movement outcome were assessed.ConclusionsIf a therapeutic treatment goal is to promote movement quality in children with DCD, clinical judgment is required to select the most appropriate AVG type and determine whether movement quality is adequate for unsupervised practice.

scholarly journals Single-Case Neuropsychological Assessment of a Patient with a Posterior Parietal Lesion Using Behavioral Testing and Resting-State fMRI

2021 ◽  
Vol 05 (03) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Elisa Martín-Arévalo ◽  
◽  
Carole Guedj ◽  
François Cotton ◽  
Gilles Rode ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Left Visual Field ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Visual Fields ◽  
Resting State Fmri ◽  
Occipital Area ◽  
Posterior Parietal ◽  
The Right

This study integrated functional connectivity measures using resting-state fMRI and behavioral data from a single-case observation of patient (PER) one year after right-hemispheric hemorrhage in the intraparietal sulcus and superior parietal lobule (IPS/SPL). PER showed no sign of clinical neglect. Her behavioral performance in the visuo-manual pointing task and in the letter discrimination task under conditions of endogenous and exogenous attentional cueing was compared between the left (affected) and right (unaffected/control) peripheral visual fields. The resting-state fMRI demonstrated an imbalance between the right and left hemispheric frontoparietal functional connectivity within the dorsal attentional and motor networks. Although the frontal and occipital cortices were not structurally damaged, specific fronto-occipital functional connectivity was imbalanced, which was strongly associated with the behavioral changes. First, the activity in the right frontal eye field showed weaker correlations with the activity in the right inferior occipital area compared to the correlation with the activity in the left inferior occipital area. This imbalanced fronto-occipital functional connectivity was accompanied by a specific impairment in endogenous covert attention in the left visual field. Second, the activity within M1 in both hemispheres showed weaker correlations with the activity of the right cuneus compared to the correlation with the activity in the left cuneus. The imbalanced fronto-occipital functional connectivity was associated with the impairment of the reaching movement of the left and right hands towards the left visual field (optic ataxia). Altogether, our results showed that a lesion to the posterior parietal cortex affects the relationship between distal regions underlying the sensorimotor and attentional abilities

Thalamic Inputs to Posterior Parietal Cortical Areas Involved in Skilled Forelimb Movement and Tool Use in the Capuchin Monkey

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (12) ◽  
pp. 5098-5115
Author(s):  
Andrei Mayer ◽  
Gabriela Lewenfus ◽  
Ruben Ernesto Bittencourt-Navarrete ◽  
Francisco Clasca ◽  
João Guedes da Franca
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Tool Use ◽  
Posterior Parietal Cortex ◽  
Capuchin Monkey ◽  
Cell Populations ◽  
Cortical Areas ◽  
Thalamic Input ◽  
Lateral Posterior ◽  
Posterior Parietal ◽  
Forelimb Movement

Abstract The posterior parietal cortex (PPC) is a central hub for the primate forebrain networks that control skilled manual behavior, including tool use. Here, we quantified and compared the sources of thalamic input to electrophysiologically-identified hand/forearm-related regions of several PPC areas, namely areas 5v, AIP, PFG, and PF, of the capuchin monkey (Sapajus sp). We found that these areas receive most of their thalamic connections from the Anterior Pulvinar (PuA), Lateral Posterior (LP) and Medial Pulvinar (PuM) nuclei. Each PPC area receives a specific combination of projections from these nuclei, and fewer additional projections from other nuclei. Moreover, retrograde labeling of the cells innervating different PPC areas revealed substantial intermingling of these cells within the thalamus. Differences in thalamic input may contribute to the different functional properties displayed by the PPC areas. Furthermore, the observed innervation of functionally-related PPC domains from partly intermingled thalamic cell populations accords with the notion that higher-order thalamic inputs may dynamically regulate functional connectivity between cortical areas.

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