scholarly journals Gender Differences in the Cross-Sectional Relationships Between Sleep Duration and Markers of inflammation: Whitehall II Study

SLEEP ◽  
2009 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Markers Of Inflammation ◽  
The Cross

scholarly journals Gender Differences in the Association between Sleep Duration and Cardiometabolic Risk: A Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rei Matsuo ◽  
Shigemasa Tani ◽  
Naoya Matsumoto ◽  
Yasuo Okumura
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background: Inappropriate sleep duration (shorter/longer than optimal sleep duration) has come to be identified as a potential cardiometabolic risk factor, and thereby, as a risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Few data exist regarding the gender differences in the relationship between sleep duration and cardiometabolic risk.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in a study population of 9262 apparently healthy (5004 male, 4258 female) subjects at the Health Planning Center of Nihon University Hospital between September, 2015, and October 2016.Results: In the male subjects, as compared to a sleep duration of 6 to 7 hours, a sleep duration of ³8 hours was associated with an odds ratio (OR) for abdominal obesity (defined according to the Japanese criteria for metabolic syndrome as a waist circumference of ³85 cm) of 1.31 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.004-1.71) and for a non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level of ³150 mg/dL (defined as “Borderline hyper” by the Japan Atherosclerosis Society Guidelines for Prevention of ASCVD 2017) of 1.33 (1.05-1.68), and a sleep duration of <5 hours was associated with an OR (95% CI) for a fasting blood glucose of ³100 mg/dL (defined as “high” by a specialized lifestyle checkup program for the detection of symptoms of metabolic syndrome in Japan) of 1.74 (1.25-2.42). On the other hand, in the female subjects, as compared to a sleep duration of 6 to 7 hours, a sleep duration of <5 hours was associated with an OR (95% CI) for abdominal obesity (waist circumference ³90 cm) of 1.98 (1.11-3.55) and for a hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level of ³5.6 % of 1.52 (1.10-2.10), whereas a sleep duration of ³8 hours was not associated with worsening of any of the examined cardiometabolic risk factors. Conclusions: There may be gender differences in the relationship between sleep duration and cardiometabolic risk. To further reduce the risk of ASCVD, it may be of particular importance to emphasize adequate sleep duration.Clinical Trial Registration: UMIN (http://www.umin.ac.jp/) Study ID:　 UMIN000037643 retrospectively registered on 9 August 2019

scholarly journals Gender Differences in Yearly Changes in the Cross-sectional Areas and Dynamic Torques of Thigh Muscles in High School Volleyball Players

2006 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 29-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshihiro Hoshikawa ◽  
Masataka Muramatsu ◽  
Tomomi Iida ◽  
Akiko Uchiyama ◽  
Yoshiharu Nakajima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Thigh Muscles ◽  
Volleyball Players ◽  
The Cross

scholarly journals 2486

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (S1) ◽  
pp. 66-66
Author(s):  
Monica Roosa Ordway ◽  
Nancy Redeker ◽  
Lois Sadler
Keyword(s):  
Stress Response ◽  
Behavior Problems ◽  
Child Behavior ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Child Behavior Problems ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Stress Biomarkers ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Longitudinal Relationships

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: The purposes of this study are to examine the relationships among sleep characteristics (duration, efficiency), stress biomarkers, and child behavior problems among toddlers living in socioeconomically disadvantaged homes and how these characteristics change over time from age of 12 months to 24 months. Aim 1: examine changes in subjective and objective sleep characteristics from 12 to 24 months of age. Aim 2: examine changes in stress biomarkers from 12 to 24 months of age. Aim 3: examine the cross sectional and longitudinal relationships between sleep characteristics and stress response. Aim 4: examine the cross sectional and longitudinal relationships between sleep characteristics and toddlers’ child behavior problems. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: In this cross-sectional study we are recruiting parents with healthy toddlers from early head start programs and a community clinic to prospectively examine the relationships among sleep characteristics, stress biomarkers, and children’s health. Data on sleep characteristics will include subjective and objective measures of sleep duration and efficiency and parental interactive bedtime behaviors to assist their toddlers’ sleep initiation. Multisystemic biomarkers of stress including cortisol, CRP, IL-6, and BMI, will be measured individually. The associations between sleep characteristics and the biomarkers, considered as a latent variable of the stress response, will be explored. Health measures will include secretory IgA and parent-reported behavioral problems. Generalized linear models will be used in the data analysis. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: To date we have obtained objective (9 days/nights of actigraphy) measures of 33 toddlers’ sleep and subjective measures of parenting interactive behaviors. Using the Parental Interactive Bedtime Behavior (PIBB) Survey and subscales [active physical comforting, encourage autonomy, settle by movement, passive physical comforting (PPC), social comforting], we are currently reporting on the associations between PIBB and toddler’s sleep characteristics. The sample included 33 toddlers (mean age=1.33 years, SD=0.54). The toddlers’ sleep duration averaged 8.22 hours (SD=0.86). There were statistically significant moderate associations between sleep duration and parents’ PPC (r=−0.41, p=0.02). Intra-individual variability in the amount of wake after sleep onset was also significantly associated with total PIBB and PPC (r=0.37, p=0.05; r=0.52, p=0.002, respectively). Intra-individual variability in the amount of sleep fragmentation within toddlers was significantly associated with total PIBB (r=0.36, p=0.05). DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Although active physical comforting (eg, rocking to sleep, patting or rubbing child’s back) is most commonly associated with sleep patterns in infancy and toddlerhood among samples of higher socio-economic status, findings from this study suggest a stronger association between PPC (eg, presence of the parent in the room to fall asleep) and less sleep duration and more individual variability in night wakings. The biomarker data are currently being analyzed and results will be presented within the year. Taken together, these preliminary results and pending results will inform future intervention development that may address the role of parenting behavior in promoting health sleep early in life.

scholarly journals Gender Differences in Homicide of Neonates, Infants, and Children under 5 y in South Africa: Results from the Cross-Sectional 2009 National Child Homicide Study

PLoS Medicine ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. e1002003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naeemah Abrahams ◽  
Shanaaz Mathews ◽  
Lorna J. Martin ◽  
Carl Lombard ◽  
Nadine Nannan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Infants And Children ◽  
Child Homicide ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Children Under 5

On the cross-sectional shape of the cellulose crystallites in the tunicate Halocynthia papillosa

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 566-567
Author(s):  
J.-F. Revol ◽  
Y. Van Daele ◽  
F. Gaill
Keyword(s):  
Contrast Imaging ◽  
Animal Kingdom ◽  
Bright Field ◽  
Field Mode ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ultrathin Sections ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Sectional Shape ◽  
Valonia Ventricosa ◽  
C Nmr

The only form of cellulose which could unequivocally be ascribed to the animal kingdom is the tunicin that occurs in the tests of the tunicates. Recently, high-resolution solid-state l3C NMR revealed that tunicin belongs to the Iβ form of cellulose as opposed to the Iα form found in Valonia and bacterial celluloses. The high perfection of the tunicin crystallites led us to study its crosssectional shape and to compare it with the shape of those in Valonia ventricosa (V.v.), the goal being to relate the cross-section of cellulose crystallites with the two allomorphs Iα and Iβ.In the present work the source of tunicin was the test of the ascidian Halocvnthia papillosa (H.p.). Diffraction contrast imaging in the bright field mode was applied on ultrathin sections of the V.v. cell wall and H.p. test with cellulose crystallites perpendicular to the plane of the sections. The electron microscope, a Philips 400T, was operated at 120 kV in a low intensity beam condition.

A Technique for Measuring the Cross-Sectional Axes of the Longissimus Dorsi Muscle and Fat Depth in Lambs1,2

1960 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 803-809
Author(s):  
D. J. Matthews ◽  
R. A. Merkel ◽  
J. D. Wheat ◽  
R. F. Cox
Keyword(s):  
Longissimus Dorsi ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Longissimus Dorsi Muscle ◽  
Dorsi Muscle ◽  
The Cross

Automated Diagonal Slice and View Solution for 3D Device Structure Analysis

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang Hoon Lee ◽  
Jeff Blackwood ◽  
Stacey Stone ◽  
Michael Schmidt ◽  
Mark Williamson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Focused Ion Beam ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Image Data ◽  
Planar Surface ◽  
Device Structure ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Device Structures ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Planar Analysis

Abstract The cross-sectional and planar analysis of current generation 3D device structures can be analyzed using a single Focused Ion Beam (FIB) mill. This is achieved using a diagonal milling technique that exposes a multilayer planar surface as well as the cross-section. this provides image data allowing for an efficient method to monitor the fabrication process and find device design errors. This process saves tremendous sample-to-data time, decreasing it from days to hours while still providing precise defect and structure data.

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