scholarly journals Amygdala and dorsomedial prefrontal cortex responses to appearance-based and behavior-based person impressions

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 572-581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean G. Baron ◽  
M. I. Gobbini ◽  
Andrew D. Engell ◽  
Alexander Todorov
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Dorsomedial Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Behavior Based ◽  
And Behavior

scholarly journals The Resting Brain Sets Support-Giving in Motion: Dorsomedial Prefrontal Cortex Activity During Momentary Rest Primes Supportive Responding

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tristen K Inagaki ◽  
Sasha Brietzke ◽  
Meghan L Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Social Thinking ◽  
Dorsomedial Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Supportive Behavior ◽  
Trial Basis ◽  
Financial Need ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Brain

Abstract Humans give support, care, and assistance to others on a daily basis. However, the brain mechanisms that set such supportive behavior in motion are unknown. Based on previous findings demonstrating that activity in a portion of the brain’s default network—the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (DMPFC)—during brief rest primes social thinking and behavior, momentary fluctuations in this brain region at rest may prime supportive responding. To test this hypothesis, 26 participants underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) while they alternated between deciding whether to give support to a close other in financial need, receive support for themselves, and make arbitrary decisions unrelated to support. Decisions were interleaved with brief periods of rest. Results showed that, within participants, spontaneous activity in the DMPFC during momentary periods of rest primed supportive-responding: greater activity in this region at the onset of a brief period of rest predicted, on a trial-by-trial basis, faster decisions to give support to the close other. Thus, activating the DMPFC as soon as our minds are free from external demands to attention may help individuals “default” to support-giving. Implications for understanding the prosocial functions of the resting brain are discussed.

Temporal Focus

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abbie J. Shipp
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Psychology Research ◽  
The Past ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
The Future ◽  
Behavior Based ◽  
The Individual ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Temporal Focus

Temporal focus is the individual tendency to characteristically think more or less about the past, present, and future. Although originally rooted in early work from psychology, research on temporal focus has been steadily growing in a number of research areas, particularly since Zimbardo and Boyd’s (1999) influential article on the topic. This chapter will review temporal focus research from the past to the present, including how temporal focus has been conceptualized and measured, and which correlates and outcomes have been tested in terms of well-being and behavior. Based on this review, an agenda for research is created to direct temporal focus research in the future.

scholarly journals A pilot trial of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation of the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex in anorexia nervosa: resting fMRI correlates of response

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Blake Woodside ◽  
Katharine Dunlop ◽  
Charlene Sathi ◽  
Eileen Lam ◽  
Brigitte McDonald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Trial Registration ◽  
Angular Gyrus ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Dorsomedial Prefrontal Cortex

Abstract Background Patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) face severe and chronic illness with high mortality rates, despite our best currently available conventional treatments. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has shown increasing efficacy in treatment-refractory cases across a variety of psychiatric disorders comorbid with AN, including major depression, Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD), and Post traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). However, to date few studies have examined the effects of a course of rTMS on AN pathology itself. Methods Nineteen patients with AN underwent a 20–30 session open-label course of dorsomedial prefrontal rTMS for comorbid Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) ± PTSD. Resting-state functional MRI was acquired at baseline in 16/19 patients. Results Following treatment, significant improvements were seen in core AN pathology on the EDE global scale, and to a lesser extent on the shape and weight concerns subscales. Significant improvements in comorbid anxiety, and to a lesser extent depression, also ensued. The greatest improvements were seen in patients with lower baseline functional connectivity from the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (DMPFC) target to regions in the right frontal pole and left angular gyrus. Conclusions Despite the limited size of this preliminary, open-label study, the results suggest that rTMS is safe in AN, and may be useful in addressing some core domains of AN pathology. Other targets may also be worth studying in this population, in future sham-controlled trials with larger sample sizes. Trial registration Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04409704. Registered May 282,020. Retrospectively registered.

scholarly journals Interfering with activity in the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex via TMS affects social impressions updating

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 626-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Ferrari ◽  
Tomaso Vecchi ◽  
Alexander Todorov ◽  
Zaira Cattaneo
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Dorsomedial Prefrontal Cortex
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