scholarly journals Evaluation of Salmonella enteritidis in molting hens after administration of an experimental chlorate product (for nine days) in the drinking water and feeding an alfalfa molt diet

2005 ◽  
Vol 84 (8) ◽  
pp. 1186-1190 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. McReynolds ◽  
L. Kubena ◽  
J. Byrd ◽  
R. Anderson ◽  
S. Ricke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Salmonella Enteritidis

Competitive Exclusion of Salmonella enteritidis in Leghorn Chicks: Comparison of Treatment by Crop Gavage, Drinking Water, Spray, or Lyophilized Alginate Beads

1994 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 297 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. E. Corrier ◽  
A. G. Hollister ◽  
D. J. Nisbet ◽  
C. M. Scanlan ◽  
R. C. Beier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Competitive Exclusion ◽  
Alginate Beads ◽  
Water Spray

scholarly journals Effect of acidified drinking water on the recovery of Salmonella enteritidis from broiler crops

2003 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 183-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
LAF de Avila ◽  
VP do Nascimento ◽  
CW Canal ◽  
CTP Salle ◽  
HL de S Moraes
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Salmonella Enteritidis

Comparison of Salmonella Enteritidis Infection in Hens Molted via Long-Term Feed Withdrawal versus Full-Fed Wheat Middling

2001 ◽  
Vol 64 (12) ◽  
pp. 1917-1921 ◽  
Author(s):  
KUN-HO SEO ◽  
PETER S. HOLT ◽  
R. K. GAST
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Economic Management ◽  
Feed Withdrawal ◽  
Wheat Middlings ◽  
Ad Libitum Feeding

Molting is an important economic management tool for the layer industry as a means of maximizing the effective laying life of a flock. Previous work has shown that molting birds through feed removal (FM) increased the severity of a Salmonella Enteritidis (SE) infection. The current study was conducted to follow the progression of an SE infection in unmolted hens versus hens molted via 14-day FM or ad libitum feeding of wheat middlings (WM), in the presence or absence of 2.5% lactose administered in the drinking water. In two trials of the experiment, all hens were infected with approximately 1 × 107 SE at day 4 of molt and sampled for SE shedding on days 4, 10, 17, and 24 postinfection (PI). Organ levels of SE were determined on day 7 PI. All molt procedures caused cessation of egg lay within 3 to 7 days. In trials 1 and 2, birds subjected to total FM shed 3 to 5 logs more SE than either the control birds (unmolted) or the birds fed WM on days 4 and 10 PI. Liver and spleen, ovary, and cecum counts were also significantly (P < 0.05) higher in the fasted birds in one trial and liver and spleen and cecum counts in the second. No differences in any of the SE counts were observed in unmolted versus WM-fed birds. Lactose supplementation in drinking water did not provide any advantage in reducing SE infection in either trial. These results indicate that there are alternative methods to long-term FM that can be used to molt birds and not increase the risk for SE problems. How these alternative methods compare with FM with regard to second-cycle egg production and the mechanisms involved in the reduced SE shedding remain to be investigated.

Provision of Lactose to Molting Hens Enhances Resistance to Salmonella enteritidis Colonization†

1997 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
DONALD E. CORRIER ◽  
DAVID J. NISBET ◽  
BILLY M. HARGIS ◽  
PETER S. HOLT ◽  
JOHN R. DeLOACH
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Reduction Potential ◽  
Apparent Effect ◽  
Oxidation Reduction ◽  
Oxidation Reduction Potential ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Increased Susceptibility

Older leghorn hens, more than 50 weeks of age, were divided into three groups designated 1, unmolted controls; 2, molted; or 3, molted treated with lactose. Forced molt was induced by 14 days of feed removal. Lactose was provided to the hens in group 3 as 2.5% (wt/vol) of the daily drinking water. Each hen in all groups was challenged orally with 105 Salmonella enteritidis (SE) cells on day 7 of feed removal. The study was repeated in three replicated trials. The concentrations of acetic, propionic, and total volatile fatty acids (VFA) in the cecal contents of the molted hens in groups 2 and 3 decreased significantly (P < 0.05) on days 6 and 14 of molt compared with the unmolted controls. Forced molt had no apparent effect on pH or on the oxidation-reduction potential of the ceca. Compared to the unmolted controls, SE cecal and spleen and liver colonization was significantly increased (P < 0.05) in the molted hens in group 2. Compared to the molted hens in group 2, SE cecal and spleen and liver colonization was significantly decreased (P < 0.05) in two of three trials in the hens in group 3 provided with lactose. The results suggested that the increased susceptibility of molting hens to SE colonization may be associated with decreased fermentation and production of VFA by cecal bacteria or by a depletion of the number of VFA-producing bacteria present in the ceca. The results further suggest that providing lactose in the drinking water during molting may significantly enhance resistance to SE colonization.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Effect of Trans-Cinnamaldehyde on Salmonella Enteritidis and Campylobacter jejuni in Chicken Drinking Water ,

2008 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 490-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kollanoor Johny ◽  
M.J. Darre ◽  
T.A. Hoagland ◽  
D.T. Schreiber ◽  
A.M. Donoghue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Antibacterial Effect

scholarly journals Salmonella Enteritidis in Broiler Chickens: Isolation, Antibiotic Resistance Phenotyping and Efficacy of Colistin on Control of Experimental Infection

2020 ◽  
pp. 267-272
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Experimental Infection ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Antibiotics Susceptibility ◽  
Apparently Healthy

Out of 400 examined samples 45 suspected Salmonella isolates (11.25%) were obtained 19 (9.5%) out of apparently healthy and 26 (13%) from diseased chickens. Intestinal samples had more isolates (29, 14.5%) more than liver (16, 8%). Identified S.Enteritidis from suspected salmonella was 16/45 (35.6%) with a rate of 8% out of the examined 400 samples, 6 (3.0%) out of apparently healthy and 10 (5.0%) from diseased chickens. Intestinal samples had more isolates (11, 5.5%) than liver (5, 2.5%). The Antibiotics susceptibility profile of S. Enteritidis isolates revealed 100% resistance to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, followed by oxacillin (62.5%), 56.3% for each of ampicillin, clindamycin, enrofloxacin and doxycycline, 50% for chloramphenicol, 43.8% for streptomycin, 37.5% to cephalosporins and 18.8% for colistin. Tested S. Enteritidis isolates are classified into 11 profiles and are resistant to two - nine antibiotic classes with resistant index 0.2- 0.9. Only two isolates are NDR (12.5%), most of isolates 10/16 (62.5%) are MDR and 25% are EDR to 8-9 antibiotics. Clinical signs in experimentally infected chickens appeared at 2nd dpi, mortality started at the 4th to reach 27.5% in infected nontreated and 5% in colistin treated. Signs and lesions were markedly severe in infected nontreated than treated. S. Enteritidis was re-isolated from dead infected birds. S. Enteritidis intestinal count in sacrificed infected nontreated was higher than treated. Colistin treated group showed higher FCR, EEF and CV% (1.52, 402.8 and 6.12%) than infected non-treated (1.73, 222.6 and 14.83%). It could be concluded that S. Enteritidis is prevalent in broiler chicken flocks. Most of the isolates are MDR. Experimental infection of broiler with S. Enteritidis field isolates resulted in high mortality and the addition of colistin sulphate in drinking water controlled the infection and restores the productivity of infected broiler chickens.

scholarly journals Effects of drinking water treatment on susceptibility of laying hens to Salmonella enteritidis during forced molt

2005 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 204-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.F. Kubena ◽  
J.A. Byrd ◽  
R.W. Moore ◽  
S.C. Ricke ◽  
D.J. Nisbet
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment

scholarly journals Protection Conferred by Drinking Water Administration of a Nanoparticle-Based Vaccine against Salmonella Enteritidis in Hens

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 216
Author(s):  
Javier Ochoa-Repáraz ◽  
Eduard Sebastià ◽  
Marta Sitjà ◽  
Ibai Tamayo ◽  
Juan Manuel Irache ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Single Dose ◽  
Maleic Anhydride ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Oral Treatment ◽  
Salmonella Enterica Serovar Enteritidis ◽  
Methyl Vinyl ◽  
Water Administration ◽  
Methyl Vinyl Ether

Salmonellosis remains a major medical and an unmet socioeconomic challenge. Worldwide, more than three million deaths per year are associated with Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis infections. Although commercially available vaccines for use in poultry exist, their efficacy is limited. We previously described a method for isolating a heat extract (HE) fraction of the cell surface of S. Enteritidis that contained major antigenic complexes immunogenic in hens naturally infected with the bacterium. One single dose of S. Enteritidis’ HE induced protection against lethal salmonellosis in mice. Furthermore, HE encapsulation in nanoparticles of the copolymer of methyl vinyl ether and maleic anhydride (PVM/MA), Gantrez AN, improved and prolonged the protection against the disease in mice. We formulated new preparations of Gantrez AN nanoparticles with HE S. Enteritidis and assessed their stability in drinking water and their efficacy in hens after experimental infection. The oral treatment of six-week-old hens with two doses of HE nanoparticles significantly reduced the Salmonella excretion in hens. Due to the effectiveness of the treatment in reducing bacterial excretion, we conclude that HE nanoencapsulation obtained from S. Enteritidis is a viable novel vaccination approach against salmonellosis in farms.

Habitat Association of Klebsiella Species

1985 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan T. Bagley
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogen ◽  
Habitat Associations ◽  
Habitat Association ◽  
Klebsiella Species ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Polluted Waters

AbstractThe genus Klebsiella is seemingly ubiquitous in terms of its habitat associations. Klebsiella is a common opportunistic pathogen for humans and other animals, as well as being resident or transient flora (particularly in the gastrointestinal tract). Other habitats include sewage, drinking water, soils, surface waters, industrial effluents, and vegetation. Until recently, almost all these Klebsiella have been identified as one species, ie, K. pneumoniae. However, phenotypic and genotypic studies have shown that “K. pneumoniae” actually consists of at least four species, all with distinct characteristics and habitats. General habitat associations of Klebsiella species are as follows: K. pneumoniae—humans, animals, sewage, and polluted waters and soils; K. oxytoca—frequent association with most habitats; K. terrigena— unpolluted surface waters and soils, drinking water, and vegetation; K. planticola—sewage, polluted surface waters, soils, and vegetation; and K. ozaenae/K. rhinoscleromatis—infrequently detected (primarily with humans).

Activation of isolated heterophils from chicks stimulated in vivo with salmonella enteritidis-immune lymphokines

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 760-761
Author(s):  
R. B. Moyes ◽  
R. E. Droleskey ◽  
M. H. Kogut ◽  
J. R. DeLoach
Keyword(s):  
Lamina Propria ◽  
Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Intestinal Tract ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Cells ◽  
Subclinical Infection ◽  
Egg Products ◽  
Immune Lymphokines ◽  
Organ Invasion

Salmonella enteritidis (SE) is of great concern to the poultry industry due to the organism's ability to penetrate the intestinal mucosa of the laying hen and subsequently colonize the ovaries and yolk membrane. The resultant subclinical infection can lead to SE infection of raw eggs and egg products. Interference with the ability of the organism to invade has been linked to the activation and recruitment of inflammatory polymorphonuclear cells, heterophils, to the lamina propria of the intestinal tract.Recently it has been established that heterophil activation and increased resistance to SE organ invasion can be accomplished by the administration of SE-immune lymphokines (SE-ILK) obtained from supernatants of concanavalin-A stimulated SE immune T lymphocytes from SE hyperimmunized hens. Invasion of SE into the lamina propria provides a secondary signal for directing activated heterophils to the site of SE invasion.

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