scholarly journals Estimation of bioavailability of DL-methionine hydroxy analogue relative to DL-methionine in layers with exponential and slope-ratio models

2004 ◽  
Vol 83 (9) ◽  
pp. 1580-1586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Liu ◽  
A. Bateman ◽  
M. Bryant ◽  
A. Abebe ◽  
D. Roland
Keyword(s):  
Slope Ratio

Numerical Simulation for Uplift Bearing Capacity and Affecting Factors of the Digging Piles in Slope Ground

2013 ◽  
Vol 423-426 ◽  
pp. 1292-1295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xing Yun Wang ◽  
Bin Peng ◽  
Xiao Chao Tang ◽  
Lian Fan
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Finite Difference ◽  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Mutual Effect ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Affecting Factors ◽  
Slope Ratio ◽  
Nonlinear Regression Analysis ◽  
Numerical Simulation Method

Based on the numerical simulation method, this paper has established the numerical simulation method by using of finite difference software of FLAC3D through establishing interface for digging pile-soil. It can consider mutual effect of digging pile-soil. The uplift bearing capacity of the digging pile in slope ground was calculated and the affecting factors of the bearing capacity were analyzed. The results show that the uplift bearing capacity has a negative correlation with the slope ratio, and has a positive correlation with the width or height of the foundation, which can be expressed as a quadratic polynomial. But when the slope ratio is smaller than a certain extent, the capacity no longer increases. Nonlinear regression analysis of calculation data are carried out. Finally, the calculation method of uplift bearing capacity about pile in the slope is developed, which can provide a reference to specification revision and engineering.

scholarly journals Available Lysine in Foods: A Brief Historical Overview

2008 ◽  
Vol 91 (4) ◽  
pp. 901-906 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul J Moughan ◽  
Shane M Rutherfurd
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Food Processing ◽  
Strong Acid ◽  
Significant Degree ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Historical Overview ◽  
Slope Ratio ◽  
Available Lysine ◽  
Dietary Protein Utilization

Abstract A brief historical overview is presented on the development of the science addressing lysine bioavailability in foods. Early observations that dietary protein utilization did not always correlate with gross amino acid composition led to an understanding that the amino acid lysine, in particular, can be easily damaged during food processing. Conventional amino acid analysis, involving a strong acid hydrolysis step, can lead to a significant degree of overestimation of lysine in processed foods. More recently, it has been found that not only food lysine content values but also estimates of lysine digestibility and digestible lysine contents may be erroneous. Estimates of absorbed (true ileal digestible) reactive lysine are accurate measures of available lysine. Technically, bioassays such as the slope-ratio assay determine utilized rather than available lysine.

scholarly journals 365 Effects of weaning ages on growth performance of nursery pigs fed diets with increasing lactose levels during at 7 to 11 kg body weight

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 130-130
Author(s):  
Kibeom Jang ◽  
Jerry M Purvis ◽  
S W Kim
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Ratio Analysis ◽  
Slope Ratio ◽  
Carbohydrate Source ◽  
Nursery Pigs ◽  
Weaning Stress ◽  
Weaning Age

Abstract Lactose is an effective carbohydrate source for nursery pigs. Weaning age could influence needs for lactose. Weaning ages can vary among producers depending on preferred management programs. This study aimed to evaluate optimum levels of lactose for pigs at 7 kg BW weaned at different ages. A total of 1,632 pigs were weaned at d21 (d 21.2 ± 1.3) or d25 (d 24.6 ± 1.1). Pigs had a common diet until they reach 7 kg BW. Within a same weaning age group, when pigs reached 7 kg body weight, they were allotted to 4 dietary treatments with 6, 9, 12, and 15% lactose. Feed intake and BW were measured after 10d feeding when pigs reached 11 kg BW. Data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS for a slope ratio analysis to test effects of lactose levels on growth performance of pigs influenced by their weaning ages. Pigs weaned at d21 had Phase 1 for 11 days whereas pigs weaned at d 25 had Phase 1 for 2 days to reach 7 kg BW. According to the slope ratio analysis, as increasing lactose intake, ADG of pigs weaned at d21 responded greater (P < 0.05, 68.5%) than growth of pigs weaned at d25. There was no change of slope in feed intake of pigs weaned at d 25 by increasing lactose intake. However, G:F of pigs weaned at d 25 responded greater (P < 0.05, 250%) than G:F of pigs weaned at d21. In conclusion, pigs weaned at d21 grew faster from 7 to 11 kg BW as lactose intake increased compared with pigs weaned at d25 potentially because pigs weaned at d21 had an extended time for adaptation and recovery from weaning stress until they reached 7 kg BW.

Slope-Ratio Technique for the Determination of Trace Elements by X-Ray Spectroscopy: A New Approach to Matrix Problems

1968 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 321-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Cuttitta ◽  
Harry J. Rose
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Matrix Effects ◽  
Fluorescence Analysis ◽  
Slope Ratio ◽  
New Approach ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Standard Curve ◽  
Residual Matrix ◽  
Matrix Problems

A new approach to solving matrix problems in x-ray fluorescence analysis of trace elements has been applied to the determination of bromine in saline waters and zinc in silicates. The method requires no prior knowledge of the chemical composition of the sample. Marked matrix effects are minimized by dilution, and the problem of variable backgrounds due to residual matrix effects is solved by using a slope-ratio technique. In this proposed technique, the slope of a standard curve prepared from pure solutions is compared with that of spiked samples. The ratio of the slopes of these two curves permits the calculation of an adjusted background which does not significantly differ from that of an absorbent impregnated with the sample matrix free of the element sought. Experimental parameters concerning the technique are presented. The excellent agreement of the zinc and bromine data with analytical results obtained by more conventional methods suggests that the technique can be used for the determination of other trace constituents in geologic materials. Application of the slope-ratio technique to other modes of instrumental analysis appears feasible.

Variability of the configuration of maximum expiratory flow-volume curves

1979 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 565-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. K. Tien ◽  
E. A. Elliott ◽  
J. Mead
Keyword(s):  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Flow Limitation ◽  
Residual Volume ◽  
Flow Volume ◽  
Maximum Difference ◽  
Slope Ratio ◽  
Computer Technique ◽  
Volume Increment ◽  
Maximum Expiratory Flow ◽  
Expiratory Flow

With a computer technique variability of the configuration of maximum expiratory flow-volume (MEFV) curves was studied in terms of slope ratio, SR. SR = dV/dV divided by V/V, where V is the instantaneous flow and V is the volume increment above residual volume.) Approximately four SR-V curves, each based on three to five smoothed and averaged MEFV curves, were derived for each of 20 normal subjects (aged 23–55 yr) on a single occasion, and again at least 1 wk later. Individual curves were largely reproducible, the maximum difference in SR at most volumes being 0.3–1 U, but frequently showed substantial yet reproducible fluctuations with volume. These corresponeded to hitherto unrecognized irregularities of maximum expiratory flow that may reflect sudden changes in the location of flow limitation.

scholarly journals Relative bioavailability of guanidinoacetic acid delivered ruminally or abomasally to cattle

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah F Speer ◽  
Kimberly A Pearl ◽  
Evan C Titgemeyer
Keyword(s):  
Latin Square ◽  
Relative Bioavailability ◽  
Primary Response ◽  
Treatment Sequence ◽  
Slope Ratio ◽  
Initial Body Weight ◽  
Water Infusion ◽  
Guanidinoacetic Acid ◽  
Abomasal Infusion ◽  
Blood And Urine Samples

Abstract This study assessed the relative bioavailability of guanidinoacetic acid (GAA) in cattle. Seven ruminally cannulated Holstein steers (initial body weight of 280 kg) were used in an experiment with a 5 × 5 Latin square design; the two additional steers received a treatment sequence identical to two steers in the Latin square. Treatments were: control (no GAA, water infusion), ruminal infusion of 10 or 20 g/d GAA, and abomasal infusion of 10 or 20 g/d GAA, with all infusions delivered continuously. Periods were 7 d in length, and on day 7, blood and urine samples were collected to determine the concentrations of GAA and its associated metabolites. Plasma creatine concentrations increased linearly (P < 0.01) with GAA infusion to the abomasum and tended to increase linearly (P = 0.06) when GAA was infused ruminally. Urinary creatine concentrations increased linearly with increasing amounts of GAA infused in the abomasum (P < 0.01) and the rumen (P < 0.05). There were no significant effects of GAA infusion to either the abomasum or rumen on plasma or urinary concentrations of GAA. Plasma creatinine concentrations were not affected by GAA infusion to the abomasum or rumen. Urinary creatinine concentrations decreased when GAA was infused abomasally (P < 0.05). Because plasma and urinary creatine concentrations yielded the statistically strongest linear responses, they were selected as the primary response criteria for quantifying ruminal escape of GAA. Calculated by slope-ratio methodology, estimates for the ruminal escape of GAA based on plasma creatine and urinary creatine concentrations were 47% and 49%, respectively. Ruminally infused GAA was about half as effective as abomasally infused GAA in elevating plasma and urinary concentrations of creatine.

Study on Stability of Underwater Trench of Immersed Tunnel of Hongkong-Zhuhai-Macau Bridge

2011 ◽  
Vol 90-93 ◽  
pp. 2212-2220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Fang ◽  
Jun Sheng Chen ◽  
Hong Cao ◽  
Hai Hong Mo ◽  
Shuo Zhuo Liu
Keyword(s):  
Water Depth ◽  
Frequency Measurement ◽  
Slope Ratio ◽  
Actual Measurement ◽  
Single Beam ◽  
Double Frequency ◽  
Immersed Tunnel ◽  
Section Form

The studies carried out to appropriate slope ratio for underwater trench of immersed tunnel of Hongkong-Zhuhai-Macau Bridge. A test trench of 100-meter-long and 21-meter-width was excavated under Lingding Ocean along designed axis of immersed tunnel. The trench includes four slope ratio, such as 1:5, 1:6, 1:8 and 1:10. Two actual measurement which includes multibeam measurement and single beam double frequency measurement were used to measure water depth and section form in different time. It is recommended that slope ratio 1:6 can be adopted for underwater trench of immersed tunnel of HZM Bridge.

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