scholarly journals Free diet selection by broilers as influenced by dietary macronutrient ratio and corticosterone supplementation. 1. Diet selection, organ weights, and plasma metabolites

2003 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
RD Malheiros ◽  
VM Moraes ◽  
A Collin ◽  
E Decuypere ◽  
J Buyse
Keyword(s):  
Diet Selection ◽  
Plasma Metabolites ◽  
Organ Weights

Reduction of spermatogonia and testosterone in rat testes flown on space lab-3

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 248-249
Author(s):  
Delbert E. Philpott ◽  
W. Sapp ◽  
C. Williams ◽  
T. Fast ◽  
J. Stevenson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Population Size ◽  
Physiological Response ◽  
Social Rank ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Testicular Development ◽  
Organ Weights ◽  
Reproductive Maturation ◽  
Metabolic Activities

Space Lab 3 (SL-3) was flown on Shuttle Challenger providing an opportunity to measure the effect of spaceflight on rat testes. Cannon developed the idea that organisms react to unfavorable conditions with highly integrated metabolic activities. Selye summarized the manifestations of physiological response to nonspecific stress and he pointed out that atrophy of the gonads always occurred. Many papers have been published showing the effects of social interaction, crowding, peck order and confinement. Flickinger showed delayed testicular development in subordinate roosters influenced by group numbers, social rank and social status. Christian reported increasing population size in mice resulted in adrenal hypertrophy, inhibition of reproductive maturation and loss of reproductive function in adults. Sex organ weights also declined. Two male dogs were flown on Cosmos 110 for 22 days. Fedorova reported an increase of 30 to 70% atypical spermatozoa consisting of tail curling and/or the absence of a tail.

Experience with Junk Food: Effects on Diet Selection

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josephine F. Wilson ◽  
Rachel L. Radel
Keyword(s):  
Diet Selection ◽  
Junk Food ◽  
Food Effects

MATCHING INGESTIVE BEHAVIOUR OF GOATS TO LOCAL FEED RESOURCES

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Phan Vũ Hải ◽  
Hồ Trung Thông ◽  
Đàm Văn Tiện
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Social Facilitation ◽  
Diet Selection ◽  
Feed Resources ◽  
Local Feed Resources ◽  
Ingestive Behaviour

This study was undertaken to find ways of reducing the time taken by goats tobegin to eat an edible feed that they have not previously encountered. Experiment 1demonstrated that the time taken for goats (7-8 months old) to ingest an unfamiliar feed(rice straw) was shorter (4 days) when it was first offered to them in the presence offamiliar positive cues (the odor or flavor of juices extracted from previously eaten,nutritionally beneficial grasses), than if it was offered in the absence of such cues (10 days).In contrast, when the feed was offered in the presence of the odor of parasitised goat feces,the time to first ingestion was extended to 20 days. Experiment 2 showed that when sixmonthold goats were exposed to feeds they had not experienced previously (rice straw orrice bran) they did not ingest these feeds in less than 7 days. However, they commencedingesting these feeds immediately if they had been exposed to them, prior to weaning, inthe presence of their mother or another adult goat. Application of the principles of feedingbehavior, as illustrated by the present studies, to goats in Vietnam may improve theirproduction, especially when diets are changed frequently and include both familiar andunfamiliar materials.Keywords: Behavior; Diet selection; Flavor; Neophobia; Social facilitation; Goat.

scholarly journals Impact of starvation on digestive enzymes activities and plasma metabolites in Siberian sturgeon ( Acipenser baerii , Brandt, 1869)

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 1689-1699
Author(s):  
Sedigheh Babaei ◽  
Abdolmohammad Abedian-Kenari ◽  
Mahmood Naseri ◽  
Mohammad Ali Yazdani-Sadati ◽  
Isidoro Metón
Keyword(s):  
Digestive Enzymes ◽  
Siberian Sturgeon ◽  
Plasma Metabolites ◽  
Acipenser Baerii ◽  
Enzymes Activities

scholarly journals Plasma metabolites to profile pathways in noncommunicable disease multimorbidity

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 471-479
Author(s):  
Maik Pietzner ◽  
Isobel D. Stewart ◽  
Johannes Raffler ◽  
Kay-Tee Khaw ◽  
Gregory A. Michelotti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Noncommunicable Disease ◽  
Plasma Metabolites

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF LIGHT ON NORMAL RABBITS, WITH ESPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE ORGANIC REACTION

1926 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 483-502
Author(s):  
Louise Pearce ◽  
Chester M. Van Allen
Keyword(s):  
Physical State ◽  
Marked Decrease ◽  
Organ Weight ◽  
Ultraviolet Rays ◽  
Constant Darkness ◽  
Organic Reaction ◽  
Constant Illumination ◽  
Organ Weights ◽  
Especial Reference ◽  
Concrete Form

An analysis has been made of the organ weights of normal rabbits exposed to a constant illumination having none of the shorter ultraviolet rays and of other rabbits kept in darkness for periods of 2 to 12 weeks. The environment of constant illumination was associated with a well marked decrease in the relative weights of most organs, and in certain instances this occurred when the organ weights of the controls were becoming increasingly large. There was also an associated effect of stabilization of organ weight. The majority of the organs of rabbits caged in constant darkness also showed a tendency toward decreased and stabilized weights, but these effects were less pronounced than in the rabbits caged under conditions of constant illumination. A notable exception to this general result was the weight of the liver which was markedly increased. The results of this experiment support the conception that there is a relationship between light and the physical state of the animal organism which may be expressed in the concrete form implied by the trend or direction of organ weight.

scholarly journals Metabolomic profiles of plasma and uterine luminal fluids from healthy and repeat breeder Holstein cows

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Natsumi Funeshima ◽  
Ryotaro Miura ◽  
Taiga Katoh ◽  
Hikari Yaginuma ◽  
Takeshi Kitou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Plasma Metabolites ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Interferon Tau ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Metabolomic Profiling ◽  
Reproductive Disorder ◽  
Uterine Fluid ◽  
Reduced Rate ◽  
Repeat Breeder

Abstract Background Repeat breeding is a critical reproductive disorder in cattle. The problem of repeat breeder cattle remains largely unmanageable due to a lack of informative biomarkers. Here, we utilized metabolomic profiling in an attempt to identify metabolites in the blood plasma and uterine luminal fluids. We collected blood and uterine fluid from repeat breeder and healthy cows on day 7 of the estrous cycle. Results Metabolomic analysis identified 17 plasma metabolites detected at concentrations that distinguished between the two groups, including decreased various bile acids among the repeat breeders. However, no metabolites that varied significantly were detected in the uterine luminal fluids between two groups. Among the plasma samples, kynurenine was identified as undergoing the most significant variation. Kynurenine is a metabolite produced from tryptophan via the actions of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO). As IDO is key for maternal immune tolerance and induced in response to interferon tau (IFNT, ruminant maternal recognition of pregnancy factor), we examined the responsiveness to IFNT on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) isolated from healthy and repeat breeder cows. The mRNA expression of IFNT-response makers (ISG15 and MX2) were significantly increased by IFNT treatment in a dose-dependent manner in both groups. Although treatment with IFNT promoted the expression of IDO in PBMCs from both groups, it did so at a substantially reduced rate among the repeat breeder cows, suggesting that decreased levels of kynurenine may relate to the reduced IDO expression in repeat breeder cows. Conclusions These findings provide valuable information towards the identification of critical biomarkers for repeat breeding syndrome in cattle.

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