scholarly journals Seroprevalence of Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Viruses Types 1 and 2 Antibodies in Hepatitis C Virus-Positive Patients: Manitoba, Canada, 2012–2014

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamran Kadkhoda ◽  
Gerry Smart ◽  
Diane Bacon ◽  
Adara Casselman ◽  
Laurie Malloch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
T Cell ◽  
High Risk ◽  
North America ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Intravenous Drug Use ◽  
Prevalence Studies ◽  
Human T Cell ◽  
High Risk Populations

Abstract Human T-cell lymphotropic viruses types 1 and 2 are probably among the most neglected blood-borne pathogens that have experienced significant changes in their epidemiology since discovery, which could be attributed to globalization and intravenous drug use practices as well as enhanced screening recommendations; however, systematic prevalence studies, especially in high-risk populations in North America, are not updated.

scholarly journals The Impact of Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Virus I Infection on Clinical and Immunologic Outcomes in Patients Coinfected With HIV and Hepatitis C Virus

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
pp. S202-S207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabianna Bahia ◽  
Vinicius Novais ◽  
Jennifer Evans ◽  
Chloe Le Marchand ◽  
Eduardo Netto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Human T Cell ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Influence of human t-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) Infection on laboratory parameters of patients with chronic hepatitis C virus

2009 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 325-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Fernandes Cardoso ◽  
Fernando Vieira de Souza ◽  
Luiz Augusto M. Fonseca ◽  
Alberto José da Silva Duarte ◽  
Jorge Casseb
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Laboratory Parameters ◽  
Hcv Genotype ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Human T Cell

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) share routes of transmission and some individuals have dual infection. Although some studies point to a worse prognosis of hepatitis C virus in patients co-infected with HTLV-1, the interaction between these two infections is poorly understood. This study evaluated the influence of HTLV-1 infection on laboratory parameters in chronic HCV patients. Twelve HTLV-1/HCV-coinfected patients were compared to 23 patients infected only with HCV, in regard to demographic data, risk factors for viral acquisition, HCV genotype, presence of cirrhosis, T CD4+ and CD8+ cell counts and liver function tests. There was no difference in regard to age, gender, alcohol consumption, smoking habits, HCV genotype or presence of cirrhosis between the groups. Intravenous drug use was the most common risk factor among individuals co-infected with HTLV-1. These patients showed higher TCD8+ counts (p = 0.0159) and significantly lower median values of AST and ALT (p = 0.0437 and 0.0159, respectively). In conclusion, we have shown that HCV/HTLV-1 co-infected patients differs in laboratorial parameters involving both liver and immunological patterns. The meaning of these interactions in the natural history of these infections is a matter that deserves further studies.

scholarly journals Transfusion-transmitted human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I infection in Taiwan: a true risk and occasional coinfection with hepatitis C virus shown in a prospective study

Blood ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 934-940
Author(s):  
JT Wang ◽  
MT Lin ◽  
PJ Chen ◽  
JC Sheu ◽  
JT Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Type I ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Human T Cell ◽  
A Prospective Study

To study the incidence of human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV) after blood transfusion in Taiwan, serum samples from 699 patients in a prospective study were examined for seroreactivity of anti-HTLV. By an enzyme immunoassay, 9 of the 699 recipients were repeatedly positive. Serial serum samples of these 9 patients were then confirmed with a Western blot analysis and with a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for HTLV-I genome. Four were already positive for anti-HTLV before transfusion, 1 carried antibodies to HTLV-I transiently after transfusion, and only 4 cases had de nova seroconversions. These patients and their family members were called back and tested for HTLV- I genome in the peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) and plasma. All the serologically positive patients, except the “transient one,” were positive for HTLV sequences in the PBMCs. Viral sequences could also be detected in several serum or plasma samples. In the family members, only the spouse of a pretransfusion-positive patient was infected. These results suggested that approximately 0.6% of the blood recipients were infected by HTLV-I through transfusion in Taiwan, and that the frequency of intrafamilial HTLV-I transmission is low. We also observed the unusual coinfection by both HTLV-I and hepatitis C virus in 2 patients, and superinfection of hepatitis C virus after blood transfusion in 1 HTLV-I carrier. Cases of coinfection suggest a prevalence of both viruses in blood donors and warrant further screening.

scholarly journals Inability to Detect Human T Cell Lymphotropic Virus Type 2-Specific Antibodies in a Patient Coinfected with HIV-1, Human T Cell Lymphotropic Virus Type 1, Human T Cell Lymphotropic Virus Type 2, and Hepatitis C Virus

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adele Caterino-de-Araujo ◽  
Mariana Cavalheiro Magri ◽  
Neuza Satomi Sato ◽  
Helena Kaminami Morimoto ◽  
Luis Fernando de Macedo Brigido ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Human T Cell ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals Comparative study of impulsiveness and risk behaviors among infected individuals with hepatitis C virus and human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Henrique-Araújo ◽  
Lucas C. Quarantini ◽  
Mychelle Morais-de-Jesus ◽  
Ana Paula Jesus-Nunes ◽  
Adriana Dantas-Duarte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Human T Cell

scholarly journals ‘Distribution of Hepatitis C Virus genotypes in northern Greece in the last decade: descriptive analysis and clinical correlations’

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Gioula ◽  
E. Sinakos ◽  
E. Gigi ◽  
I. Goulis ◽  
T. Vasiliadis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Intravenous Drug ◽  
Genotype Distribution ◽  
Intravenous Drug Use ◽  
Genotype 1 ◽  
Genotype 3 ◽  
Northern Greece ◽  
Hcv Genotype

Abstract Hepatitis C virus (HCV) represents a major public health problem, while the identification of a HCV genotype is clinically very important for therapy prescription. The aim of the present study was to determine the HCV genotype distribution patients from northern Greece with HCV RNA positive viral load and to identify whether there is a shift in this distribution, during 2009–2017. The study was performed on 915 HCV positive patients and according to the results, genotype 3 was the most prevalent genotype (Ν = 395, 43.2%) followed by genotype 1 (Ν = 361, 39.5%). Regarding the gender of the patients, genotype 1 was mostly detected in women. Moreover, genotype 1 was associated with higher viral loads, while genotype 3 was most frequently detected in patients with a history of intravenous drug use. In conclusion, our results show that genotype 3 is the most prevalent genotype in Greece during the last decade as opposed to older epidemiological studies, likely due to intravenous drug use becoming the major source of infection.

scholarly journals Hepatitis C Virus Screening of High-Risk Patients in a Canadian Emergency Department

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Kelsey Ragan ◽  
Anjali Pandya ◽  
Tristan Holotnak ◽  
Katrina Koger ◽  
Neil Collins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
High Risk Patients ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
History Of ◽  
Hcv Screening

Background. Approximately 0.7% of the Canadian population is infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV), and many individuals are unaware of their infection. Our objectives were to utilize an emergency department (ED) based point-of-care (POC) HCV screening test to describe our local population and estimate the proportion of high-risk patients in our population with undiagnosed HCV. Methods. A convenience sample of medically stable patients (≥18 years) presenting to a community ED in Calgary, AB, between April and July 2018 underwent rapid clinical screening for HCV risk factors, including history of injection drug use, healthcare in endemic countries, and other recognized criteria. High-risk patients were offered POC HCV testing. Antibody-positive patients underwent HCV-RNA testing and were linked to hepatology care. The primary outcome was the proportion of new HCV diagnoses in the high-risk population. Results. Of the 999 patients screened by survey, 247 patients (24.7%) were high-risk and eligible for testing. Of these, 123 (49.8%) were from HCV-endemic countries, while 63 (25.5%) and 31 (12.6%) patients endorsed a history of incarceration and intravenous drug use (IVDU), respectively. A total of 144 (58.3%) eligible patients agreed to testing. Of these, 6 patients were POC-positive (4.2%, CI 0.9–7.4%); all 6 had antibodies detected on confirmatory lab testing and 4 had detectable HCV-RNA viral loads in follow-up. Notably, 103 (41.7%) patients declined POC testing. Interpretation. Among 144 high-risk patients who agreed to testing, the rate of undiagnosed HCV infection was 4.2%, and the rate of undiagnosed HCV infection with detectable viral load was 2.8%. Many patients with high-risk clinical criteria refused POC testing. It is unknown if tested and untested groups have the same disease prevalence. This study shows that ED HCV screening is feasible and that a small number of previously undiagnosed patients can be identified and linked to potentially life-changing care.

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