scholarly journals Purifying and Positive Selection Influence Patterns of Gene Loss and Gene Expression in the Evolution of a Plant Sex Chromosome System

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 1140-1154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daisy Crowson ◽  
Spencer C.H. Barrett ◽  
Stephen I. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Positive Selection ◽  
Gene Loss ◽  
Sex Chromosome ◽  
Sex Chromosome System ◽  
Plant Sex

scholarly journals Gene Loss from a Plant Sex Chromosome System

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1234-1240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Bergero ◽  
Suo Qiu ◽  
Deborah Charlesworth
Keyword(s):  
Gene Loss ◽  
Sex Chromosome ◽  
Sex Chromosome System ◽  
Plant Sex

scholarly journals Preservation of the Y Transcriptome in a 10-Million-Year-Old Plant Sex Chromosome System

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (17) ◽  
pp. 1470-1474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Bergero ◽  
Deborah Charlesworth
Keyword(s):  
Sex Chromosome ◽  
Sex Chromosome System ◽  
Plant Sex

scholarly journals A high-throughput segregation analysis identifies the sex chromosomes of Cannabis sativa

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Djivan Prentout ◽  
Olga Razumova ◽  
Bénédicte Rhoné ◽  
Hélène Badouin ◽  
Hélène Henri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Chromosomes ◽  
Segregation Analysis ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Sex Chromosome ◽  
Probabilistic Method ◽  
Female Offspring ◽  
Single Chromosome ◽  
Sex Chromosome System ◽  
Plant Sex Chromosomes ◽  
Plant Sex

AbstractCannabis sativa-derived tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) production is increasing very fast worldwide. C. sativa is a dioecious plant with XY chromosomes, and only females (XX) are useful for THC production. The C. sativa sex chromosomes sequence would improve early sexing and better management of this crop; however, the C. sativa genome projects failed to identify the sex chromosomes so far. Moreover, dioecy in the Cannabaceae family is ancestral, C. sativa sex chromosomes are potentially old and thus very interesting to study as little is known about the last steps of sex chromosome evolution in plants. Here we RNA-sequenced a C. sativa family (2 parents and 10 male and female offspring) and performed a segregation analysis for all C. sativa genes using the probabilistic method SEX-DETector. We identified >500 sex-linked genes. Mapping of these sex-linked genes to a C. sativa genome assembly identified a single chromosome pair with a large non-recombining region. Further analysis of the >500 sex-linked genes revealed that C. sativa has a strongly degenerated Y chromosome and represents the oldest plant sex chromosome system documented so far. Our study revealed that old plant sex chromosomes can have large non-recombining regions and be very differentiated and still be of similar size (homomorphic).

scholarly journals The effects of haploid selection on Y chromosome evolution in two closely related dioecious plants

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Sandler ◽  
Felix E.G. Beaudry ◽  
Spencer C.H. Barrett ◽  
Stephen I. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Y Chromosome ◽  
Sex Chromosomes ◽  
Chromosome Evolution ◽  
Sex Chromosome ◽  
Sex Chromosome Evolution ◽  
Y Chromosomes ◽  
Expression Bias ◽  
Haploid Selection ◽  
Plant Sex

AbstractThe evolution of sex chromosomes is usually considered to be driven by sexually antagonistic selection in the diploid phase. However, selection during the haploid gametic phase of the lifecycle has recently received theoretical attention as possibly playing a central role in sex chromosome evolution, especially in plants where gene expression in the haploid phase is extensive. In particular, male-specific haploid selection might favour the linkage of pollen beneficial alleles to male sex determining regions on incipient Y chromosomes. This linkage might then allow such alleles to further specialise for the haploid phase. Purifying haploid selection is also expected to slow the degeneration of Y-linked genes expressed in the haploid phase. Here, we examine the evolution of gene expression in flower buds and pollen of two species of Rumex to test for signatures of haploid selection acting during plant sex chromosome evolution. We find that genes with high ancestral pollen expression bias occur more often on sex chromosomes than autosomes and that genes on the Y chromosome are more likely to become enriched for pollen expression bias. We also find that genes with low expression in pollen are more likely to be lost from the Y chromosome. Our results suggest that sex-specific haploid selection during the gametophytic stage of the lifecycle may be a major contributor to several features of plant sex chromosome evolution.

scholarly journals Analysis and Evolution of Two Functional Y-Linked Loci in a Plant Sex Chromosome System

2001 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 2162-2168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Atanassov ◽  
Catherine Delichère ◽  
Dmitry A. Filatov ◽  
Deborah Charlesworth ◽  
Ioan Negrutiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Chromosome ◽  
Sex Chromosome System ◽  
Plant Sex

scholarly journals Evolution of a Multiple Sex-Chromosome System by Three-Sequential Translocations among Potential Sex-Chromosomes in the Taiwanese Frog Odorrana swinhoana

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 661
Author(s):  
Ikuo Miura ◽  
Foyez Shams ◽  
Si-Min Lin ◽  
Marcelo de Bello Cioffi ◽  
Thomas Liehr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Chromosomes ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Sex Chromosome ◽  
Sex Chromosome System ◽  
Brown Frog ◽  
Male Specific

Translocation between sex-chromosomes and autosomes generates multiple sex-chromosome systems. It happens unexpectedly, and therefore, the evolutionary meaning is not clear. The current study shows a multiple sex chromosome system comprising three different chromosome pairs in a Taiwanese brown frog (Odorrana swinhoana). The male-specific three translocations created a system of six sex-chromosomes, ♂X1Y1X2Y2X3Y3 -♀X1X1X2X2X3X3. It is unique in that the translocations occurred among three out of the six members of potential sex-determining chromosomes, which are known to be involved in sex-chromosome turnover in frogs, and the two out of three include orthologs of the sex-determining genes in mammals, birds and fishes. This rare case suggests sex-specific, nonrandom translocations and thus provides a new viewpoint for the evolutionary meaning of the multiple sex chromosome system.

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