scholarly journals Extracting the astrophysics of reionization from the Lyα forest power spectrum: a first forecast

2021 ◽  
Vol 508 (1) ◽  
pp. 1262-1279
Author(s):  
Paulo Montero-Camacho ◽  
Yi Mao
Keyword(s):  
Dark Energy ◽  
Power Spectrum ◽  
Time Scales ◽  
Ionization Efficiency ◽  
High Entropy ◽  
Cosmological Time ◽  
Spectrum Measurement ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Near Future ◽  
First Time

ABSTRACT The impact of cosmic reionization on the Lyα forest power spectrum has recently been shown to be significant even at low redshifts (z ∼ 2). This memory of reionization survives cosmological time-scales because high-entropy mean-density gas is heated to ∼3 × 104 K by reionization, which is inhomogeneous, and subsequent shocks from denser regions. In the near future, the first measurements of the Lyα forest 3D power spectrum will be very likely achieved by upcoming observational efforts such as the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI). In addition to abundant cosmological information, these observations have the potential to extract the astrophysics of reionization from the Lyα forest. We forecast, for the first time, the accuracy with which the measurements of Lyα forest 3D power spectrum can place constraints on the reionization parameters with DESI. Specifically, we demonstrate that the constraints on the ionization efficiency, ζ, and the threshold mass for haloes that host ionizing sources, mturn, will have the 1σ error at the level of ζ = 25.0 ± 11.6 and $\log _{10} (m_{\rm turn}/{\rm M}_\odot) = 8.7^{+0.36}_{-0.70}$, respectively. The Lyα forest 3D power spectrum will thus provide an independent probe of reionization, probably even earlier in detection with DESI, with a sensitivity only slightly worse than the upcoming 21-cm power spectrum measurement with the Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array (HERA), i.e. σDESI/σHERA ≈ 1.5 for ζ and σDESI/σHERA ≈ 2.0 for log10(mturn/M⊙). Nevertheless, the Lyα forest constraint will be improved about three times tighter than the current constraint from reionization observations with high-z galaxy priors, i.e. σDESI/σcurrent ≈ 1/3 for ζ.

scholarly journals Cosmological model parameter dependence of the matter power spectrum covariance from the DEUS-PUR Cosmo simulations

2020 ◽  
Vol 500 (2) ◽  
pp. 2532-2542
Author(s):  
Linda Blot ◽  
Pier-Stefano Corasaniti ◽  
Yann Rasera ◽  
Shankar Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Dark Energy ◽  
Power Spectrum ◽  
Cold Dark Matter ◽  
Matter Density ◽  
Density Fluctuations ◽  
Matrix Analysis ◽  
Model Parameter ◽  
Matter Power Spectrum ◽  
Non Gaussian ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT Future galaxy surveys will provide accurate measurements of the matter power spectrum across an unprecedented range of scales and redshifts. The analysis of these data will require one to accurately model the imprint of non-linearities of the matter density field. In particular, these induce a non-Gaussian contribution to the data covariance that needs to be properly taken into account to realize unbiased cosmological parameter inference analyses. Here, we study the cosmological dependence of the matter power spectrum covariance using a dedicated suite of N-body simulations, the Dark Energy Universe Simulation–Parallel Universe Runs (DEUS-PUR) Cosmo. These consist of 512 realizations for 10 different cosmologies where we vary the matter density Ωm, the amplitude of density fluctuations σ8, the reduced Hubble parameter h, and a constant dark energy equation of state w by approximately $10{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$. We use these data to evaluate the first and second derivatives of the power spectrum covariance with respect to a fiducial Λ-cold dark matter cosmology. We find that the variations can be as large as $150{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ depending on the scale, redshift, and model parameter considered. By performing a Fisher matrix analysis we explore the impact of different choices in modelling the cosmological dependence of the covariance. Our results suggest that fixing the covariance to a fiducial cosmology can significantly affect the recovered parameter errors and that modelling the cosmological dependence of the variance while keeping the correlation coefficient fixed can alleviate the impact of this effect.

scholarly journals Impact of relativistic effects on the primordial non-Gaussianity signature in the large-scale clustering of quasars

2020 ◽  
Vol 499 (2) ◽  
pp. 2598-2607
Author(s):  
Mike (Shengbo) Wang ◽  
Florian Beutler ◽  
David Bacon
Keyword(s):  
Dark Energy ◽  
Power Spectrum ◽  
Luminosity Function ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Relativistic Effects ◽  
Redshift Range ◽  
Cosmological Background ◽  
Relativistic Corrections ◽  
The Galaxy ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT Relativistic effects in clustering observations have been shown to introduce scale-dependent corrections to the galaxy overdensity field on large scales, which may hamper the detection of primordial non-Gaussianity fNL through the scale-dependent halo bias. The amplitude of relativistic corrections depends not only on the cosmological background expansion, but also on the redshift evolution and sensitivity to the luminosity threshold of the tracer population being examined, as parametrized by the evolution bias be and magnification bias s. In this work, we propagate luminosity function measurements from the extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS) to be and s for the quasar (QSO) sample, and thereby derive constraints on relativistic corrections to its power spectrum multipoles. Although one could mitigate the impact on the fNL signature by adjusting the redshift range or the luminosity threshold of the tracer sample being considered, we suggest that, for future surveys probing large cosmic volumes, relativistic corrections should be forward modelled from the tracer luminosity function including its uncertainties. This will be important to quasar clustering measurements on scales $k \sim 10^{-3}\, h\, {\rm Mpc}^{-1}$ in upcoming surveys such as the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI), where relativistic corrections can overwhelm the expected fNL signature at low redshifts z ≲ 1 and become comparable to fNL ≃ 1 in the power spectrum quadrupole at redshifts z ≳ 2.5.

scholarly journals Subjectivity Analysis of Underground Incinerators: Focus on Academic and Industry Experts

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1223
Author(s):  
Jae-hyuck Lee ◽  
Kyung-hee Shin ◽  
Jong-mun Park ◽  
Choong-gon Kim ◽  
Kong-jang Cho
Keyword(s):  
Q Methodology ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Waste Incinerator ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
South Korean ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Near Future ◽  
First Time ◽  
Perception Survey

Recently, incinerators have been shifted to underground complexes because of concerns regarding environmental pollution and declining land prices. In Korea, an underground waste incinerator has been built for the first time, with additional construction being expected in the near future. Therefore, a perception survey was conducted to acquire responses from South Korean experts regarding the impact of underground complex incinerators. The Q-methodology was used in the survey to examine various viewpoints. Academicians showed concerns regarding environmental effects of ground incinerators, and environmental and economic effects of underground complex incinerators; conversely, industrialists were concerned about civil complaints and administrative processing, indicating that the academicians were more concerned about scientific issues, whereas the industrialists were more concerned about democratic issues. Furthermore, both groups expressed concerns regarding land value and civil complaints of ground incinerators, safety issues and resultant social distrust of underground incinerators. The findings suggest that, to address the safety issues involving underground incinerator construction, governance by local experts is required for a holistic evaluation of environmental issues and economic feasibility of underground incinerators. To establish a link between science and democracy, measures for transparently sharing information are necessary.

scholarly journals Power spectrum of the flux in the Lyman-alpha forest from high-resolution spectra of 87 QSOs

2019 ◽  
Vol 489 (2) ◽  
pp. 2536-2554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron Day ◽  
David Tytler ◽  
Bharat Kambalur
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Power Spectrum ◽  
Systematic Errors ◽  
Metal Line ◽  
Spectral Leakage ◽  
Lyman Alpha ◽  
Spectrum Measurement ◽  
Lyman Alpha Forest ◽  
Hydrogen Lines ◽  
First Time

Abstract We measure and calibrate the power spectrum of the flux in the Ly α forest at 1.8 < z < 4.6 for wavenumbers 0.003 ≤ k ≤ 0.1 s km−1 from the spectra of 87 QSOs obtained with HIRES on the Keck-I telescope. This is the largest sample using high-resolution spectra, yielding the smallest statistical errors, and we have applied calibrations to reduce new systematic errors. We fit Voigt profiles to the damped Ly α absorbers and we remove them. We subtract metal lines statistically based on metal absorption on the red side of the Ly α emission peak. We find that when performing a statistical subtraction of metal lines, a systematic offset due to the blending of metal and hydrogen lines must be taken into account. This offset was not accounted for in previous analyses, and requires up to a $3 {{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ reduction in the BOSS Ly α forest flux power spectrum, increasing the allowed neutrino mass. For the first time in a Ly α forest power spectrum measurement from high-resolution spectra, we correct for spectral leakage by applying Welch’s window function. Our treatment of metal line removal as well as our elimination of errors due to spectral leakage leads to a more accurate measurement of the Ly α forest power spectrum at the smallest scales. We find evidence that previously published values of the power are systematically too high at scales log k ≥ −1.3 (k ≥ 0.05) s km−1, which implies that the intergalactic medium is hotter than previously deduced from the Ly α forest flux power spectrum.

Syrian Crisis and Migration

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pinar Yazgan ◽  
Deniz Eroglu Utku ◽  
Ibrahim Sirkeci
Keyword(s):  
Human Mobility ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Host Countries ◽  
Syrian Crisis ◽  
Mass Migration ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Europe Today ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Near Future

With the growing insurrections in Syria in 2011, an exodus in large numbers have emerged. The turmoil and violence have caused mass migration to destinations both within the region and beyond. The current "refugee crisis" has escalated sharply and its impact is widening from neighbouring countries toward Europe. Today, the Syrian crisis is the major cause for an increase in displacement and the resultant dire humanitarian situation in the region. Since the conflict shows no signs of abating in the near future, there is a constant increase in the number of Syrians fleeing their homes. However, questions on the future impact of the Syrian crisis on the scope and scale of this human mobility are still to be answered. As the impact of the Syrian crisis on host countries increases, so does the demand for the analyses of the needs for development and protection in these countries. In this special issue, we aim to bring together a number of studies examining and discussing human mobility in relation to the Syrian crisis.

Dwindling status of Epimedium Elatum (Morren & Decne) and its geographical distribution in Kashmir Himalaya, India

2018 ◽  
pp. 47-52
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Culture Techniques ◽  
Kashmir Himalayas ◽  
Near Future ◽  
First Time ◽  
Tissue Culture Techniques

Epimedium elatum (Morren & Decne) of family Berberidaceace is a rare perennial medicinal plant, endemic to high altitude forests of Northwestern Himalayas in India. Ethnobotanically, it has been used as an ingredient for treatment of bone-joint disorders, impotence and kidney disorders in Kashmir Himalayas. Phytochemically, it is rich in Epimedin ABC and Icariin; all of these have been demonstrated to possess remarkable biological activities like PDE-5 inhibition (treatment of erectile dysfunction), anticancer, antiosteoporosis antioxidant and antiviral properties. The present investigation reports its traditional usage, comprehensive distribution and conservation status from twenty ecogeographical regions in Kashmir Himalayas, India. The species was reported from Gurez valley for the first time. Numerous threats like excessive grazing, deforestration, habitat fragmentation, tourism encroachment, landslides and excessive exploitation have decreased its natural populations in most of the surveyed habitats. Consequently, its existence may become threatened in near future if timely conservation steps are not taken immediately by concerned stakeholders involved in medicinal plant research. Moreover, use of plant tissue culture techniques is recommended for development of its in vitro propagation protocols. Therefore, introduction of this medicinal plant in botanical gardens, protected sites and development of monitoring programmes are needed for its immediate conservation in Northwestern Himalayas, India.

Relationship between big five personality model and abusive supervision

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bibi Tahira ◽  
Naveed Saif ◽  
Muhammad Haroon ◽  
Sadaqat Ali
Keyword(s):  
Big Five ◽  
Abusive Supervision ◽  
State Universities ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Big Five Model ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time ◽  
Supervisor Behavior ◽  
Moderating Role

The current study tries to understand the diverse nature of relationship between personality Big Five Model (PBFM) and student's perception of abusive supervision in higher education institutions of Khyber Pakhtoonkhwa Pakistan. Data was collected in dyads i.e. (supervisors were asked to rate their personality attributes while student were asked to rate the supervisor behavior) through adopted construct. For this purpose, data was collected from three government state universities and one Private Sector University. The focus was on MS/M.Phill and PhD student and their supervisors of the mentioned universities. After measuring normality and validity regression analysis was conducted to assess the impact of supervisor personality characteristics that leads to abusive supervision. Findings indicate interestingly that except agreeableness other four attributes of (PBFM) are play their role for abusive supervision. The results are novel in the nature as for the first time Neuroticism, openness to experience, extraversion and conscientiousness are held responsible for the abusive supervision. The study did not explore the demographic characteristics, and moderating role of organizational culture, justice and interpersonal deviances to understand the strength of relationship in more detail way. Keywords: Personality big five model, abusive supervision, HEIs

The Supply-Demand Research of Cultural and Tourism Industries Policies in China with the Impact of COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-24
Author(s):  
Dr. Jianfei Yang
Keyword(s):  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Cultural Industries ◽  
Real Situation ◽  
The Real ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Post Period

COVID-19 has made a bad influence on economic and society including cultural and tourism industry in China，2020.The industry has received a huge loss in the first quarter of the year and the situation is getting worse in the near future. It is believed that there will be a long impact for the country even the world. In order to recover the industry, Chinese government has published series of policies to support the enterprises and clusters to reduce the bad influence of COVID-19. This paper mainly uses filed survey and documentary research to map the real situation of the industry. It tries to find the policy demand of the industries and then analyze the policies published by government to conquer COVID-19. Meanwhile it will focus on whether the supply meet the demand and give suggestions on how to promote the policy efficiency in the post period of COVID-19 in China. Keywords: Evaluation; Cultural Industries; Policy; Park; Pandemic

The Influence of TRIPS Compliant Patent Laws on Indian Pharmaceutical Industry

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rupesh Rastogi ◽  
Virendra Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Patent Protection ◽  
Uruguay Round ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
Trips Agreement ◽  
Patent Law ◽  
Patent Laws ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time ◽  
Indian Pharmaceutical Industry

The first legislation in India relating to patents was the Act VI of 1856. The Indian Patents and Design Act, 1911 (Act II of 1911) replaced all the previous Acts. The Act brought patent administration under the management of Controller of Patents for the first time. After Independence, it was felt that the Indian Patents & Designs Act, 1911 was not fulfilling its objective. Various comities were constituted to recommend, framing a patent law which can fulfill the requirement of Indian Industry and people. The Indian Patent Act of 1970 was enacted to achieve the above objectives. The major provisions of the act, provided for process, not the product patents in food, medicines, chemicals with a term of 14 years and 5-7 for chemicals and drugs. The Act enabled Indian citizens to access cheapest medicines in the world and paved a way for exponential growth of Indian Pharmaceutical Industry. TRIPS agreement, which is one of the important results of the Uruguay Round, mandated strong patent protection, especially for pharmaceutical products, thereby allowing the patenting of NCEs, compounds and processes. India is thereby required to meet the minimum standards under the TRIPS Agreement in relation to patents and the pharmaceutical industry. India’s patent legislation must now include provisions for availability of patents for both pharmaceutical products and processes inventions. The present paper examines the impact of change in Indian Patent law on Pharmaceutical Industry.

The impact of traditional plants and their secondary metabolites in the discovery of COVID-19 treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shabana Bibi ◽  
Ayesha Sarfraz ◽  
Ghazala Mustafa ◽  
Zeeshan Ahmed ◽  
Muhammad Aurang Zeb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Test System ◽  
Chemical Information ◽  
System Type ◽  
The Family ◽  
Comprehensive Search ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time ◽  
Plant Sources

Background: Coronavirus Disease-2019 belongs to the family of viruses which cause a serious pneumonia along with fever, breathing issues and infection of lungs for the first time in China and later spread worldwide. Objective: Several studies and clinical trials have been conducted to identify potential drugs and vaccines for Coronavirus Disease-2019. The present study listed natural secondary metabolites identified from plant sources with antiviral properties and could be safer and tolerable treatment for Coronavirus Disease-2019. Methods: A comprehensive search on the reported studies was conducted using different search engine such as Google scholar, SciFinder, Sciencedirect, Medline PubMed, and Scopus for the collection of research articles based on plantderived secondary metabolites, herbal extracts, and traditional medicine for coronavirus infections. Results: Status of COVID-19 worldwide and information of important molecular targets involved in COVID-19 is described and through literature search, is highlighted that numerous plant species and their extracts possess antiviral properties and studied with respect to Coronavirus treatments. Chemical information, plant source, test system type with mechanism of action for each secondary metabolite is also mentioned in this review paper. Conclusion: The present review has listed plants that have presented antiviral potential in the previous coronavirus pandemics and their secondary metabolites which could be significant for the development of novel and a safer drug which could prevent and cure coronavirus infection worldwide.

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