scholarly journals Reflections on the Development of Digital Humanities

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tito Orlandi
Keyword(s):  
Systems Theory ◽  
Digital Humanities ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Relational Model ◽  
Humanities Computing ◽  
Information And Communication

Abstract Lecture presented to the Utrecht Conference of ADHO, 2018: my experience in the field of Humanities Computing/Digital Humanities, collocated in historical perspective, listing and briefly commenting what I have learned to be the essential theories which form our discipline. For this purpose, the fundamental disciplines are proposed, and their role in the discipline: computing theory, information and communication, formalization, algorithms and recursion; and, from humanities side, cybernetics, linguistics, semiotics, relational model, systems theory, modelization.

Finding a place for genealogy and family history in the digital humanities

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-226
Author(s):  
Casey Daniel Hoeve
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Digital Humanities ◽  
Cultural Analysis ◽  
Technological Advancement ◽  
Humanities Computing ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Core ◽  
Cultural Research ◽  
Technological Tools ◽  
Cultural Connections

Purpose Despite its growing popularity, there is a noticeable absence of references to the inclusion of genealogy and family history studies within the field of digital humanities. New forms of inclusiveness, particularly in production-coding and cultural analysis, closely align genealogy and family history with the core tenants practiced among humanities computing and digital humanities. This paper aims to prove that genealogy as family history should be formally recognized within this cohort, as it can serve as a valuable and innovative partner for advocacy and technological advancement of the field. Design/methodology/approach By examining the literature, genealogy will be defined according to its use in the digital humanities, as well as its use in family history studies. The core tenants of humanities computing and digital humanities will be identified and compared against the research methodology and technological tools used in genealogy and family history research. The comparison will determine how closely the fields align, and if genealogy defined as family history should be used, and included within the field of digital humanities. Findings The progression of genealogy and family history from production to cultural analysis corresponds with the transition of production and coding (influenced by humanities computing) to the inclusion of experimental cultural research adopted by the digital humanities. Genealogy’s use of technological tools, such as databases, text encoding, data-text mining, graphic information systems and DNA mapping, demonstrates the use of coding and production. Cultural analysis through demographic study, crowdsourcing and establishing cultural connections illustrates new methods of scholarship, and connects coding and cultural criticism, serving as a bridge between digital humanities and the humanities at large. As genealogy continues to create new partnerships of a collaborative nature, it can, and will, continue to contribute to new areas of study within the field. As these practices continue to converge with the digital humanities, genealogy should be recognized as a partner and member in the digital humanities cohort. Originality/value Despite its growing popularity, there is a noticeable absence of references to the inclusion of genealogy and family history studies within the field of the digital humanities. The term genealogy resonates differently within the digital humanities, primarily articulating the history of the field over the study and research of family lineage. This study seeks to demonstrate how genealogy and family history can fit within the digital humanities, providing a new perspective that has not yet been articulated in the scholarly literature.

scholarly journals Revolusi Nirkabel dan Akses Universal Media Penyiaran dalam Lingkup Konvergensi

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 70-81
Author(s):  
Tommy Satriadi Nur Arifin
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
Radio Frequency ◽  
Information And Communication Technology ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Streaming Media ◽  
Broadcast Media ◽  
The Public ◽  
Internet Connection ◽  
Information And Communication

The purpose of this study is to discuss media convergence as the development of Information and Communication Technology (ICT). This study uses a historical perspective which is the first media age with the broadcast pattern and the second media age with interactivity patterns. Results of research Broadcast media that use radio frequency transmission can now be accessed through an Internet connection as streaming media. In conclusion, the public can access radio and television through an internet connection and reduce the need for these devices, using an internet connection when it is available for the network to access broadcasts. Keywords: Convergence, Broadcast Media, New Media, Streaming

scholarly journals The Point Is to Change It! Introduction to Critical Political Interventions in Media and Communication Studies

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 214-230
Author(s):  
Sašo Slaček Brlek ◽  
Jernej Amon Prodnik
Keyword(s):  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Special Section ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Communication Studies ◽  
Historical Trends ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Historical Contextualization ◽  
World Information ◽  
Relations Of Power ◽  
Media And Communication

The intention of this paper is to provide a historical overview and an introduction to the interviews with Bodgan Osolnik, Breda Pavlič, Cees Hamelink, Daya K. Thussu, Peter Golding and Dan Hind presented in this special section. Following Marx, we entitled the section The Point Is to Change It! Critical Political Interventions in Media and Communication Studies. We discuss the need for critical theory to bridge the divide between theory and practice because this notion is central to all of the interviews in one way or another. We also provide a historical contextualization of important theoretical as well as political developments in the 1970s and 1980s. This period may be seen as a watershed era for the critical political economy of communication and for the political articulation of demands for a widespread transformation and democratization in the form of the New World Information and Communication Order initiative. We believe that many contemporary issues have a long history, with their roots firmly based in this era. The historical perspective therefore cannot be seen as nostalgia, but as an attempt to understand the historical relations of power and how they have changed and shifted. In our view, the historical perspective is crucial not only for understanding long-lasting historical trends, but also to remind ourselves that the world is malleable, and to keep alive the promises of the progressive struggles of the past.

Building Visual Travel Recommender Systems and Tourism Communities for Effective User Experience

2010 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Nalin Sharda
Keyword(s):  
Recommender Systems ◽  
User Experience ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Current State ◽  
Virtual Tourism ◽  
Travel Recommender Systems ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Ict System ◽  
Modern Information ◽  
The Web

Modern information and communication technology (ICT) systems can help us in building travel recommender systems and virtual tourism communities. Tourism ICT systems have come a long way from the early airline ticket booking systems. Travel recommender systems have emerged in recent years, facilitating the task of destination selection as well activities at the destination. A move from purely text-based recommender systems to visual recommender systems is being proposed, which can be facilitated by the use of the Web 2.0 technologies to create virtual travel communities. Delivering a good user experience is important to make these technologies widely accepted and used. This chapter presents an overview of the historical perspective of tourism ICT systems and their current state of development vis-à-vis travel recommender systems and tourism communities. User experience is an important aspect of any ICT system. How to define user experience and measure it through usability testing is also presented.

scholarly journals Transient phenomena in ecology

Science ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 361 (6406) ◽  
pp. eaat6412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Hastings ◽  
Karen C. Abbott ◽  
Kim Cuddington ◽  
Tessa Francis ◽  
Gabriel Gellner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dynamical Systems ◽  
Systems Theory ◽  
Ecological Systems ◽  
Dynamical Systems Theory ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Transient Dynamics ◽  
Transient Phenomena ◽  
Ecological Theories

The importance of transient dynamics in ecological systems and in the models that describe them has become increasingly recognized. However, previous work has typically treated each instance of these dynamics separately. We review both empirical examples and model systems, and outline a classification of transient dynamics based on ideas and concepts from dynamical systems theory. This classification provides ways to understand the likelihood of transients for particular systems, and to guide investigations to determine the timing of sudden switches in dynamics and other characteristics of transients. Implications for both management and underlying ecological theories emerge.

scholarly journals The Origins of Humanities Computing and the Digital Humanities Turn

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-58
Author(s):  
Dino Buzzetti
Keyword(s):  
Digital Humanities ◽  
Adaptive Systems ◽  
Formal Model ◽  
Main Concern ◽  
Digital Form ◽  
Humanities Computing ◽  
Documentary Sources ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
Content Processing ◽  
Interpretive Process

At its beginnings Humanities Computing was characterized by a primary interest in methodological issues and their epistemological background. Subsequently, Humanities Computing practice has been prevailingly driven by technological developments and the main concern has shifted from content processing to the representation in digital form of documentary sources. The Digital Humanities turn has brought more to the fore artistic and literary practice in direct digital form, as opposed to a supposedly commonplace application of computational methods to scholarly research. As an example of a way back to the original motivations of applied computation in the humanities, a formal model of the interpretive process is here proposed, whose implementation may be contrived through the application of data processing procedures typical of the so called artificial adaptive systems.

Driving performance of higher education industry: an Indian scenario

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumant Kumar Tewari ◽  
Madhvendra Misra
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Organization Culture ◽  
Relational Model ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Hierarchical Relationship ◽  
Education Industry ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Fuzzy Micmac ◽  
Higher Education Industry

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to identify the information and communication technology management enablers (ICTMEs) and establish the hierarchical relationship among them using interpretive structural modelling (ISM) and analyse their driving and dependence power, using integrated ISM fuzzy-MICMAC analyses.Design/methodology/approachFor identifying the ICTMEs, along with extensive literature review a large number of academicians and practitioners of repute are consulted. The contextual relationships between ICTMEs are established with the help of a well-established ISM methodology and further ICTMEs are analysed on the basis of their driving and dependence power and classified them into four different clusters by using fuzzy-MICMAC.FindingsThis paper has identified 25 key ICTMEs related to human resource, organization culture, technology, strategic planning, ICTM practices and organizational performance measurement and created a diagraph representing hierarchical relationship among them. Further these enablers are analysed and classified into four clusters on the basis of their driving and dependence power.Research limitations/implicationsThe developed relational model is based on the inputs of academicians and practitioners and any biasing from the person judging the ICTM enablers might influence the power of this model.Practical implicationsTop management of the organization could formulate and execute their strategies keeping in mind these identified critical enablers and relationship among them which will finally result into higher performance of ICTM.Originality/valueThis is the first kind of study which has identified 25 key enablers of ICTM, established hierarchical relationship among them and analysed them on the basis of their driving and dependence power using integrative ISM fuzzy-MICMAC analysis.

scholarly journals Rediscovering a Forgotten System of Symbiosis: Historical Perspective and Future Potential

Genes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1063
Author(s):  
Vincent G. Martinson
Keyword(s):  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Sequence Divergence ◽  
Genomic Analysis ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Recent Common Ancestor ◽  
Comparative Genomic ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Candida Auris ◽  
Most Recent Common Ancestor ◽  
Recent Emergence

While the majority of symbiosis research is focused on bacteria, microbial eukaryotes play important roles in the microbiota and as pathogens, especially the incredibly diverse Fungi kingdom. The recent emergence of widespread pathogens in wildlife (bats, amphibians, snakes) and multidrug-resistant opportunists in human populations (Candida auris) has highlighted the importance of better understanding animal–fungus interactions. Regardless of their prominence there are few animal–fungus symbiosis models, but modern technological advances are allowing researchers to utilize novel organisms and systems. Here, I review a forgotten system of animal–fungus interactions: the beetle–fungus symbioses of Drugstore and Cigarette beetles with their symbiont Symbiotaphrina. As pioneering systems for the study of mutualistic symbioses, they were heavily researched between 1920 and 1970, but have received only sporadic attention in the past 40 years. Several features make them unique research organisms, including (1) the symbiont is both extracellular and intracellular during the life cycle of the host, and (2) both beetle and fungus can be cultured in isolation. Specifically, fungal symbionts intracellularly infect cells in the larval and adult beetle gut, while accessory glands in adult females harbor extracellular fungi. In this way, research on the microbiota, pathogenesis/infection, and mutualism can be performed. Furthermore, these beetles are economically important stored-product pests found worldwide. In addition to providing a historical perspective of the research undertaken and an overview of beetle biology and their symbiosis with Symbiotaphrina, I performed two analyses on publicly available genomic data. First, in a preliminary comparative genomic analysis of the fungal symbionts, I found striking differences in the pathways for the biosynthesis of two B vitamins important for the host beetle, thiamine and biotin. Second, I estimated the most recent common ancestor for Drugstore and Cigarette beetles at 8.8–13.5 Mya using sequence divergence (CO1 gene). Together, these analyses demonstrate that modern methods and data (genomics, transcriptomes, etc.) have great potential to transform these beetle–fungus systems into model systems again.

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