Comparative Quantifiers and Negation: Implications for Scope Economy

2013 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Fleisher
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Quantifiers ◽  
Scope Economy

scholarly journals Research on the Impact Mechanism and Application of Financial Digitization and Optimization on Small- and Medium-Sized Enterprises

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Qiuxia Li
Keyword(s):  
Digital Technology ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Scale Economy ◽  
Financing Constraints ◽  
Technological Revolution ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Scope Economy ◽  
Financial Technology

Background. With the continuous advancement of digital technology and the accelerated development of digital finance, the rise of digital finance has had a vital impact on the true evolution of SMEs. The digital economy has a significant positive impact on the productivity of SMEs. Method. This article first analyzes the digital level of SMEs, studies the incentive effect of digital finance on the level of technological revolution of SMEs, and analyzes the mitigation effect of digital finance evolution on the financing constraints of SMEs. At the same time, it also studies how to develop the digital economy and achieve high-quality business evolution. Result. The digital economy can promote the growth of enterprise productivity through four indirect ways: scale economy effect, scope economy effect, technological revolution effect, and management benefit effect. Conclusion. The Financial Technology Optimization program helps financial leaders adopt new digital technologies to optimize financial processes while minimizing disruption.

scholarly journals The Thought Uniqueness Hypothesis

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uli Sauerland
Keyword(s):  
Word Order ◽  
Current Work ◽  
Conceptual Representations ◽  
Linguistic System ◽  
Scope Economy

 A novel principle, the Thought Uniqueness Hypothesis (TUH), unifies several restrictions on interpretation that work in theoretical semantics has observed, in particular the following: binding and scope economy of Fox (2000, MIT Press), and constraints on types (Heim 2017, unpublished; Hirsch 2017, MIT Dissertation). The principle not only derives these phenomena, but makes additional novel pre- dictions such as a reduction of superiority and D-linking data and the interaction of i-within-i phenomena with coordination. Furthermore the principle exhibits close similarities to current work on exhaustification and efficiency (Meyer 2013, MIT Dissertation) with a potential for further unification. The statement of the TUH is most natural on a realizational view of grammar, where conceptual representations are generated by a non-linguistic system, and then realized by the linguistic sys- tem. It therefore argues against the view that surface word order plays a role in interpretation (Chomsky 1970, TEC Co., and others).

Argument Ellipsis and Scope Economy in Japanese

Syntax ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 419-437
Author(s):  
Masako Maeda
Keyword(s):  
Argument Ellipsis ◽  
Scope Economy

On the “Undoing” Property of Scrambling: A Response to Bošković

2006 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 607-624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigeru Miyagawa
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Scope Economy ◽  
The Way ◽  
English I

Bošković (2004) argues that what defines scrambling in languages such as Japanese is its ‘‘undoing’’ property (Saito 1989). Bošković (2004) and Bošković and Takahashi (1998) argue that this ‘‘undoing’’ property shows the way for scrambling to count as a last-resort operation, instead of being purely optional as is widely believed. In this article, I give empirical evidence that ‘‘undoing’’ does not occur and that the reconstruction effect simply reflects a normal property of Ā-movements like wh-movement in English. I further show that the condition that governs optional scrambling is Fox’s (2000) Scope Economy.

scholarly journals Why is children’s interpretation of doubly quantified sentences non-isomorphic?

Linguistics ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katalin É. Kiss ◽  
Tamás Zétényi
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Choice Task ◽  
Linear Flow ◽  
Distributive Reading ◽  
Collective Reading ◽  
Initial Hypothesis ◽  
Forced Choice Task ◽  
Scope Economy ◽  
New Hypothesis ◽  
Value Judgement

AbstractThe initial hypothesis examined in this paper is that Hungarian preschoolers assign to sentences containing two numerical quantifiers and a distributivity marker the same isomorphic distributive interpretation as Hungarian adults do. This hypothesis is partially refuted by Experiment 1, a truth value judgement task, and Experiment 2, a forced choice task, which show that children can access distributive readings, however, they tend to accept both isomorphic and inverse scope. Experiment 3, an act-out task, demonstrates that if there are no strong pragmatic cues to enforce a distributive interpretation, children’s primary interpretation is the collective reading. This leads us to the formulation of a new hypothesis: if the default reading of a doubly quantified sentence for preschoolers is the collective interpretation, in line with scope economy, then a distributive reading always represents the revision of the collective interpretation. This is confirmed by Experiment 4, showing that inverse answers have an increased reaction time. The new hypothesis can explain the lack of isomorphism in children’s interpretation of distributive scope as follows: since the distributive reading is dissociated from the linear flow of speech, the linear order of the two quantifiers does not necessarily determine scope order; children can base relative scope on the hierarchy of grammatical functions, on pragmatic cues, etc.

scholarly journals processing cost of Downward Entailingness: the representation and verification of comparative constructions

2018 ◽  
Vol 60 ◽  
pp. 435-451
Author(s):  
Yosef Grodzinsky ◽  
Galit Agmon ◽  
Kedem Snir ◽  
Isabelle Deschamps ◽  
Yonatan Loewenstein
Keyword(s):  
Logical Form ◽  
Standard View ◽  
Comparative Quantifiers ◽  
Processing Cost ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Downward Entailing ◽  
Comparative Constructions ◽  
Verification Process ◽  
New Processing ◽  
Definition Of

We bring experimental considerations to bear on the structure of comparatives and on ourunderstanding of how quantifiers are processed. At issue are mismatches between thestandard view of quantifier processing cost and results from speeded verification experimentswith comparative quantifiers. We build our case in several steps: 1. We show that thestandard view, which attributes processing cost to the verification process, accounts for someaspects of the data, but fails to cover the main effect of monotonicity on measured behavior.We derive a prediction of this view for comparatives, and show that it is not borne out. 2. Weconsider potential reasons – experimental and theoretical – for this theory-data mismatch. 3.We describe a new processing experiment with comparative quantifiers, designed to addressthe experimental concerns. Its results still point to the inadequacy of the standard view. 4. Wereview the semantics of comparative constructions and their potential processingimplications. 5. We revise the definition of quantifier processing cost and tie it to the numberof Downward Entailing (DE) operators at Logical Form (LF). We show how this definitionsuccessfully reconciles the theory-data mismatch. 6. The emerging picture calls for adistinction between the complexity of verified representations and the complexity of theverification process itself.Keywords: quantification, monotonicity, negation, comparative constructions, Logical Form,adjectival antonyms, decomposition, quantifier processing, speeded verification, reactiontime.

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