scholarly journals Expansion of Southern Pine Beetle into Northeastern Forests: Management and Impact of a Primary Bark Beetle in a New Region

2018 ◽  
Vol 116 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin J Dodds ◽  
Carissa F Aoki ◽  
Adriana Arango-Velez ◽  
Jessica Cancelliere ◽  
Anthony W D’Amato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Southern Pine Beetle ◽  
Southern Pine ◽  
Pine Beetle

IDENTIFICATION OF HOST ORIGIN OF PARASITES OF BARK BEETLES (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE) BY FATTY ACID COMPOSITION

1981 ◽  
Vol 113 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis H. Kudon ◽  
C. Wayne Berisford
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Lipid Composition ◽  
Bark Beetles ◽  
Southern Pine Beetle ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Southern Pine ◽  
Pine Beetle

AbstractThe free fatty acid composition of the southern pine beetle, Dendroctonus frontalis Zimmermann, and associated bark beetles was determined by gas-liquid chromatography. The lipid composition of several species of hymenopterous parasites matched the bark beetle hosts from which they were reared. Lipids from field collected parasites were compared with the lipid composition of possible bark beetle hosts to determine host of origin. Parasites ovipositing on a host were usually found to have a lipid composition matching that host. Approximately 20% of the parasites that were observed attempting to parasitize the southern pine beetle apparently developed on other bark beetle hosts.

Forest composition following overstory mortality from southern pine beetle and associated treatmentsExperiment Station Project 06-08-109 of the Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station, Lexington, Kentucky.

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 1406-1418 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. W. Coleman ◽  
Stephen R. Clarke ◽  
James R. Meeker ◽  
L. K. Rieske
Keyword(s):  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Dendroctonus Frontalis ◽  
Southern Pine Beetle ◽  
Forest Composition ◽  
Stem Density ◽  
Southern Pine ◽  
Pine Regeneration ◽  
Pine Beetle

Bark beetle caused mortality continues to play a critical role in determining the composition and structure of forests in North America, and revegetation dynamics following these disturbances are poorly understood. We assessed forest composition following southern pine beetle, Dendroctonus frontalis Zimmermann, mortality and associated cut and leave suppression, and compared them with undisturbed loblolly pine, Pinus taeda L., stands in Texas. Abundant hardwood regeneration dominated the understory, with little loblolly pine regeneration following either mortality event. Disturbances eliminated loblolly pine dominance in these even-aged stands, thus stratifying forest structure and apparently increasing stem density (stems·ha–1), richness (species·ha–1), and diversity (ha) in the lower strata. Aspect and elevation, presumably through influences on site moisture, were the primary gradients associated with vegetation variation in the canonical correspondence analyses for new regeneration. Mortality from Dendroctonus and cut and leave practices shifted loblolly pine communities to mixed upland hardwoods in model predictions generated by the southern variant of the Forest Vegetation Simulator. In addition to being an effective bark beetle control, cut and leave suppression did not alter predicted forest composition 50 years hence when compared with unsuppressed bark beetle-caused mortality. Because of the predicted shift to hardwood domination and a low pine basal area, it is expected that mortality from D. frontalis and cut and leave will substantially reduce future hazards from D. frontalis outbreaks.

HYMENOPTEROUS PARASITOIDS OF THE EASTERN JUNIPER BARK BEETLE, PHLOEOSINUS DENTATUS (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE)

1974 ◽  
Vol 106 (8) ◽  
pp. 869-872 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Wayne Berisford
Keyword(s):  
Bark Beetle ◽  
The Other ◽  
Southern Pine Beetle ◽  
Southern Pine ◽  
Alternate Host ◽  
Sticky Traps ◽  
Red Cedar ◽  
Pine Beetle

AbstractNine species of hymenopterous parasitoids were trapped on sticky traps as they were attracted to red cedar logs infested with the eastern jumper bark beetle, Phloeosinus dentatus (Say). All were successfully reared from infested logs. The parasitoids Cheiropachus arizoninsis (Ashmead), Eurytoma aequabilis Bugbee, Heydenia unica Cook & Davis, and Spathius impus Matthews were reared directly from P. dentatus larvae.Five species of parasitoids reared from P. dentatus larvae or from infested logs commonly attack the southern pine beetle and Ips spp. beetles, indicating that P. dentatus may be an important alternate host when the other host populations are low.

Bark beetle – fungal symbiosis. III. Ultrastructure of conidiogenesis in a Sporothrix ectosymbiont of the southern pine beetle

1975 ◽  
Vol 53 (23) ◽  
pp. 2702-2711 ◽  
Author(s):  
George M. Happ ◽  
Christine M. Happ ◽  
Stanley J. Barras
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Culture ◽  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Dendroctonus Frontalis ◽  
Southern Pine Beetle ◽  
Southern Pine ◽  
Imperfect State ◽  
Pine Beetle ◽  
Dividing Cells ◽  
Fungal Symbiosis ◽  
Ceratocystis Minor

SJB 133 is an isolate of a variety of Ceratocystis minor that is found in a Sporothrix imperfect state as an ectosymbiont of Dendroctonus frontalis Zimm. Within the mycangium (fungal transport pocket of the beetle), SJB 133 grows in yeast-like fashion. Cells contain prominent vacuoles which appear to bridge between dividing cells. Hypha-like transition cells are also present. In continuous culture on potato carrot agar, SJB 133 produces sympodial conidiophores. The resulting conidia are quite similar to the yeast-like cells in the mycangium and the conidiophores resemble some of the transition cells.

scholarly journals Contrasting Competitor and Predator Responses to a Short-Lived Southern Pine Beetle Outbreak: A Case Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen R Clarke ◽  
Jessica Hartshorn
Keyword(s):  
Natural Enemy ◽  
Bark Beetles ◽  
Southern Pine Beetle ◽  
National Forest ◽  
Population Fluctuations ◽  
Thanasimus Dubius ◽  
Southern Pine ◽  
Widespread Application ◽  
Pine Beetle

Abstract The southern pine beetle (SPB) Dendroctonus frontalis Zimmermann, is the most important insect pest of pines in the southeastern United States, with outbreaks often resulting in thousands of hectares of pine mortality. Natural enemies and competitors have been cited as significant regulators of SPB populations and, therefore, outbreaks. A recent outbreak on the Homochitto National Forest (NF) in Mississippi provided an opportunity to undertake a case study comparing population fluctuations of SPB, its major predator Thanasimus dubius, and its competitors, Ips bark beetles. Trap catches of all three were tracked through the course of the outbreak on the Homochitto NF as well as in two other forests with low or no SPB activity. The number of predators collected initially increased on the Homochitto NF in response to the SPB outbreak, but their impact on reducing infestation numbers was unclear. Numbers of Ips trapped were similar across all three forests, indicating that other factors were regulating SPB populations. The outbreak only lasted a single year, and its brevity likely limited the availability of host resources for natural enemy and competitor populations. Additional studies are warranted to explore the mechanisms affecting the extent and duration of SPB outbreaks, such as active forest management. Study Implications: The widespread application of cut-and-leave treatments during a short duration southern pine beetle (SPB) outbreak on the Homochitto National Forest did not result in immediate increased collections of Ips bark beetles, competitors of SPB. Similar population trends of Ips bark beetles in areas with and without SPB infestations suggest that other factors, such as climate, regulate population numbers. Low numbers of the main SPB predator, Thanasimus dubius, immediately preceded an outbreak, and trap collections increased after outbreak onset, reaffirming the importance of this natural enemy in SPB population fluctuations.

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