Value of Neonicotinoid Insecticide Seed Treatments in Mid-South Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum [Malvales: Malvaceae]) Production Systems

2017 ◽  
Vol 111 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
J H North ◽  
J Gore ◽  
A L Catchot ◽  
S D Stewart ◽  
G M Lorenz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gossypium Hirsutum ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Seed Treatments ◽  
Neonicotinoid Insecticide

scholarly journals Value of Neonicotinoid Insecticide Seed Treatments in Mid-South Soybean (Glycine max) Production Systems

2016 ◽  
Vol 109 (3) ◽  
pp. 1156-1160 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. North ◽  
J. Gore ◽  
A. L. Catchot ◽  
S. D. Stewart ◽  
G. M. Lorenz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Seed Treatments ◽  
Neonicotinoid Insecticide

Value of Neonicotinoid Insecticide Seed Treatments in Mid-South Corn (Zea mays) Production Systems

2017 ◽  
Vol 111 (1) ◽  
pp. 187-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
J H North ◽  
J Gore ◽  
A L Catchot ◽  
S D Stewart ◽  
G M Lorenz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Seed Treatments ◽  
Neonicotinoid Insecticide

scholarly journals Aplikasi Teknologi Seed Coated dan Seed Delinted pada Benih Kapas (Gossypium hirsutum L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Taufiq Hidayat RS ◽  
Nurindah Nurindah ◽  
Anik Herawati
Keyword(s):  
Gossypium Hirsutum ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Seed Coating ◽  
Seed Treatments ◽  
Gossypium Hirsutum L ◽  
Arabic Gum

<p><em>Seed coated</em> merupakan teknologi pelapisan benih dengan bahan tertentu untuk mempertahankan mutu benih dan membuat bentuk benih lebih teratur. Prosesing benih kapas saat ini masih menggunakan bahan kimia seperti asam sulfat (<em>seed delinted</em>) untuk menghilangkan kabu-kabu (<em>linter</em>) yang masih menempel pada biji setelah proses pemisahan serat dan biji. <em>Seed delinted</em> memungkinkan terjadinya kerusakan kulit hingga lembaga biji dan dapat menimbulkan masalah lingkungan dari limbah yang dihasilkan dalam proses tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh perlakuan benih pada tiga jenis varietas terhadap viabilitas benih kapas. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Faktorial dalam RAK. Faktor Pertama terdiri atas beberapa perlakuan benih yaitu benih berkabu, benih <em>delinted</em>,<em> coated</em> dengan tapioka dan kaolin serta <em>coated </em>dengan<em> arabic gum</em>. Sedangkan, faktor kedua terdiri atas varietas kapas yaitu Kanesia 10, Kanesia 18 dan Kanesia 19. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa interaksi antara perlakuan benih dengan varietas kapas berpengaruh nyata untuk parameter panjang radikula dan menghasilkan koefesien keragaman mencapai 9.85%. Perlakuan benih <em>coated</em> dengan bahan <em>arabic gum</em> menunjukkan hasil yang terbaik untuk semua parameter pengamatan. Sedangkan, varietas Kanesia 10 menunjukkan persentase keserempakan tumbuh, persentase daya berkecambah, dan persentase potensi tumbuh maksimum terbaik masing-masing 92.25%, 96.25%, dan 98.00%. Perlakuan benih dengan teknologi <em>seed coated</em> menggunakan <em>arabic gum</em> pada Varietas Kanesia 10 dapat menunjukkan persentase viabilitas benih kapas terbaik.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Effect of Seed Coating on the Seeds Viability of Three Cotton Varieties ( Gossypium hirsutum L.) </strong></p><p><br />Seed coating technology with certain materials is objected to maintain seed quality and to make seed shapes more regular. Currently, cotton seeds processing is using chemicals such as sulfuric acid (acid seed delinted) to remove the linter which is still attached to the seeds after the separation of fibers and seeds. Acid seed delinting could causing damage on the seed skin as well as to the seed embryo and also cause environmental problems from the waste produced in the process. Seed coated technology has the prospect to be applied in the process of cotton seeding, so the process becomes environmentally friendly. This study aims to evaluate the effect of seed coating treatment on three cotton varieties on the seed viability. This study uses Randomized Block Design Factorial. The first factor consisted of four seed treatments namely fuzzy seed (control), seed delinted, seed coated with tapioca and kaolin and seed coated with arabic gum. The second factor were cotton varieties namely Kanesia 10, Kanesia 18, and Kanesia 19. The results showed that the interaction between seed treatments with cotton varieties significantly affected the radicular length parameters and produced a coefficient of varians 9.85%. Seed coated with arabic gum showed the best results for all observation parameters. Kanesia 10 showed the best of growing simultaneity, germination, and the potential maximum growth by 92%, 96%, and 98%, recpectively. The cotton cotton seed coated with arabic gum is prospective to be applied in the cotton seeding process as an alternative to the acid delinting technique that is not environmentally friendly. </p>

scholarly journals Management of soilborne diseases of beetroot in Australia: a review

2003 ◽  
Vol 43 (11) ◽  
pp. 1281 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. L. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Disease Management ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Seed Treatments ◽  
Resistant Varieties ◽  
Australian Industry

Soilborne fungal diseases threaten the viability of the Australian processing beetroot industry. Globally, Pythium spp., Aphanomyces cochlioides and Rhizoctonia solani are the predominant soilborne fungal pathogens responsible for a root rot complex in beet crops. In Australia, the disease problems have been exacerbated in recent years because crops are now grown virtually year round, and under environmental conditions favourable to infection. This has lead to increased inoculum levels in soils sown to beetroot. Moreover, nowhere in the world does there seem to be a single strategy that is completely efficacious in controlling these pathogens, so an effective management strategy will almost certainly involve a combination of tactics. The most likely combination seems to involve fungicide seed treatments, rotations of gramineous or biofumigant crops and the use of disease-resistant varieties of beet. The first of these, fungicidal seed dressings, are a cost-effective means of reducing pathogen inoculum and protecting young beets from infection. Hymexazol may be particularly useful in the Australian system, since it is active against both Pythium and Aphanomyces. To combat Rhizoctonia, it should be applied in combination with either pencycuron or toclophos methyl. Second, rotations of gramineous crops, such as maize or oats, or biofumigant brassica crops, such as white mustard, brussel sprouts or cabbage should also reduce the build-up of inoculum and offers a tactic to relieve the problem in the longer term. Third, alternative beetroot cultivars with resistance to Rhizoctonia have now been developed in USA breeding programs and should be considered by the Australian industry. Resistant varieties are potentially very useful since they offer a long-term approach to disease management that can be easily incorporated into existing production systems. Fourth, the alteration of sowing dates to avoid periods of high disease risk (e.g. confining sowing to the cooler, drier months) needs to be seriously considered by the Australian industry if it is committed to disease management. There is also evidence to suggest that seed priming may warrant consideration as a tool to use in combination with fungicide dressings to reduce disease in young plants. Biological seed treatments and soil fumigation appear to be tactics of limited value to the Australian beet industry.

Impact of short-term exposure to cold night temperatures on early development of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)

2004 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 655 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. P. Bange ◽  
S. P. Milroy
Keyword(s):  
Gossypium Hirsutum ◽  
Cold Shock ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Plant Morphology ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Cotton Production ◽  
Gossypium Hirsutum L ◽  
Cold Night ◽  
Short Term Exposure

Regression analysis of field data has indicated that minimum daily temperatures below 11°C delay the development of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) seedlings beyond what would be expected based on the accumulated degree-day sum. In Australian cotton production systems, events where the minimum daily temperature falls below this value are referred to as ‘cold shocks’. The number of cold shocks is used by growers and advisors in assessing retardation of crops in their areas. However, this effect has not been tested explicitly. The aim of this work was to empirically assess effects of cold shock on pre-flower development of cotton plants. Cotton seedlings were grown in controlled-temperature glasshouses. Plants were transferred to cold chambers ranging from 5 to 22°C during the night period for durations from 3 to 10 days. Negative effects were not seen until plants had been exposed to at least 10 nights at 10°C, or for at least 5 nights at 5°C. When differences were generated it did not delay development to first square any more than 4 days, nor was the effect consistent. These differences translated into delays to first flower, but had little effect on plant morphology, or on dry weight measured soon after flowering. In one experiment, a significant reduction in leaf photosynthesis was measured at two times of day on the day after cold shock at 5°C. Improving understanding of the effects of temperature extremes on cotton growth and development will help in developing more functional decision-support tools and field management strategies.

scholarly journals Effects of irrigation and planting geometry on cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) fiber quality and seed composition

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Srinivasa R. PINNAMANENI ◽  
Saseendran S. ANAPALLI ◽  
Ruixiu SUI ◽  
Nacer BELLALOUI ◽  
Krishna N. REDDY
Keyword(s):  
Gossypium Hirsutum ◽  
Cotton Fiber ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Fiber Quality ◽  
Seed Composition ◽  
Cotton Production ◽  
Near Infrared Reflectance ◽  
Planting Geometry ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Irrigation Treatments

Abstract Background Cotton fiber quality and seed composition play vital roles in the economics of cotton production systems and the cottonseed meal industry. This research aimed to examine the effects of different irrigation levels and planting geometries on fiber quality and seed composition of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). We conducted a 2-year study in 2018 and 2019 in a warm, humid area in the Southeast United States on Dundee silt loam soil. There were three irrigation treatments in the study. The treatments included irrigating every furrow, or full irrigation (FI), every alternate furrow, or half irrigation (HI), and no irrigation, or rain-fed (RF). Planting geometries were on ridges spaced 102 cm apart and either a single-row (SR) or twin-rows (TR). Results The results of high-volume instrument (HVI), advanced fiber information systems (AFIS) and near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) showed that irrigation and planting treatments played a significant role in fiber quality and seed composition. Across irrigation treatments, significant differences were seen in fiber properties, including fineness, maturity ratio, micronaire, neps, short fiber, strength, uniformity, upper half mean length (UHML), upper quartile length by weight (UQLw), and yellowness (+b). Irrigation and planting geometry (PG) had a significant effect on micronaire, strength, and UHML while their interaction was significant only for micronaire. The micronaire was negatively affected by irrigation as FI-SR, FI-TR, HI-SR, and HI-TR recorded 11% ~ 12% lower over the RF-SR and TR treatments. The PG played a minor role in determining fiber quality traits like micronaire and nep count. Irrigation treatments produced significantly lower (3% ~ 4%) protein content than rain-fed, while oil content increased significantly (6% ~ 10%). Conclusions The study results indicate a potential for improving cotton fiber and seed qualities by managing irrigation and planting geometries in cotton production systems in the Mississippi (MS) Delta region. The HI-TR system appears promising for lint and seed quality.

scholarly journals The Effect of Seed Treatments on the Germination of Different Fabaceae Species of a Natural Meadow-Like Association

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-63
Author(s):  
Zita Szalai ◽  
Barbara Ferschl
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Lotus Corniculatus ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Seed Treatments ◽  
Hard Seed ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Association Species ◽  
Treated Seed ◽  
Plant Families ◽  
Organic Fruit

The goal of our experiment is to compose a species-rich seed mixture suitable for soil covering in orchard floor management in organic fruit production systems. Besides selection of traditionally used grass and Fabaceae species we are focusing on the involvement of local fora elements, of the experiment site, approaching a natural meadow-like association. Species of the following plant families are involved: Apiaceae, Asteraceae, Rosaceae, Linaceae, Polygonaceae, Dipsacaceae, Fabaceae, Poaceae. Seeds of selected species were tested to determine germination % before seeding, according to MSZ 6354-3:2008 standard in climate cabinet. Seed treatments (vernalisation, scarification) were carried out according to relevant standard. There were differences in the germination% of commercial and wild collected seed items of Agrimonia eupatoria L, Ajuga genevensis L, Lotus corniculatus L, and Achillea millefolium L. The applied seed treatments resulted significant difference between the treated and non-treated seed items most of the tested species related their germination%. For example in case of Anthyllis vulneraria L it was effective. Scarification was effective for commercial hard seed species like Lotus corniculatus L in our case, but it was not effective for Agrimonia eupatoria L. The aim of the treatments was to select those species which can be seed in the same time, will be easier applied to soil and climatic condition of the experiment site and to determine effect of pre-treatments on germination % of seeds of tested species.

Horseweed (Conyza canadensis) Control in Conservation Tillage Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)

1989 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 399-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Wayne Keeling ◽  
C. Gary Henniger ◽  
John R. Abernathy
Keyword(s):  
Gossypium Hirsutum ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Conyza Canadensis

Horseweed is a major weed in conservation tillage production systems. Herbicides were evaluated for horseweed control at two growth stages, rosette and 10- to 15-cm tall. Horseweed was controlled at the rosette stage with the 2,4-D ester, 2,4-D amine, dicamba, 2,4-D plus glyphosate, and glyphosate. Higher rates were needed for control at the 10- to 15-cm stage. Paraquat did not effectively control horseweed at any stage.

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