Mass Rearing Methods for Galerucella calmariensis and G. pusilla (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), Biological Control Agents of Lythrum salicaria(Lythraceae)

1999 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 325-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernd Blossey ◽  
Tamaru R. Hunt
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Mass Rearing ◽  
Lythrum Salicaria ◽  
Biological Control Agents ◽  
Galerucella Calmariensis ◽  
Rearing Methods

Effect ofGalerucellaspp. on survival of purple loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria) roots and crowns

Weed Science ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 360-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth J. Stamm Katovich ◽  
Roger L. Becker ◽  
David W. Ragsdale
Keyword(s):  
Plant Stress ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Lythrum Salicaria ◽  
Purple Loosestrife ◽  
Biological Control Agents ◽  
Plant Mortality ◽  
Galerucella Calmariensis ◽  
Galerucella Pusilla ◽  
Crown Tissue ◽  
Severe Leaf

Starch levels, used as a measure of plant stress, were not consistently reduced in root or crown tissue of purple loosestrife plants after 2 yr of severeGalerucella calmariensisorGalerucella pusilla(Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) defoliation. Early in the season, defoliation fromGalerucellaspp. approached 100%, but the majority ofLythrum salicariaplants regrew by the end of August, resulting in an average reduction of 81% of the aboveground biomass compared to the control. The stress imposed byGalerucellaspp. defoliation was less than that achieved from more severe stress imposed by mechanical shoot clipping at 2- or 4-wk intervals from June to October. Both shoot-clipping treatments killed the majority of plants after one growing season.Galerucellaspp. feeding reduced plant stature, which may reduce competitiveness. However, considering the extensive carbohydrate reserves present in the large woody crowns ofLythrum salicaria, it will require in excess of 2 yr of consistent, severe leaf defoliation to cause plant mortality. A combination of stresses, such as winter crown injury, or other biological control agents in addition toGalerucellaleaf defoliation may be required for plant mortality.

Paralysis and parasitisation potential of Bracon hebetor on various Lepidopteran hosts

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Muslim ◽  
M. Shafiq Ansari ◽  
Fazil Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Spodoptera Littoralis ◽  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Artificial Diet ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Plodia Interpunctella ◽  
Mass Rearing ◽  
Corcyra Cephalonica ◽  
Biological Control Agents ◽  
Bracon Hebetor

Bracon hebetor is a Lepidopteran parasitoid which is used in IPM program as biological control agents. Corcyra cephalonica is fictitious host for mass rearing of B. hebetor in laboratory, rest hosts reared on their respective hosts i.e. Corcyra cephalonica, Plodia interpunctella, Ephestia kuehniella were reared on wheat flour, Galleria mellonella on its artificial diet, Helicoverpa armigera on chickpea pods, Earias vitella on okra fruits, Spodoptera litura and Spodoptera littoralis on castor leaves. The results of this study showed that the paralysis and parasitisation potential of B. hebetor were found higher on C. cephalonica followed by G. mellonella, E. kuehniella, P. interpunctella while it was shortest on S. litura and S. littoralis.

Density-dependent dispersal in biological control agents: a reflexion on the side-effects of mass-rearing conditions

BioControl ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoine Zboralski ◽  
Marine Vilarelle ◽  
Etty Colombel ◽  
Elisabeth Tabone ◽  
Elodie Vercken
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Mass Rearing ◽  
Biological Control Agents ◽  
Density Dependent ◽  
Rearing Conditions ◽  
Density Dependent Dispersal

scholarly journals Advances in Mass Rearing Pseudophilothrips ichini (Hood) (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae), a Biological Control Agent for Brazilian Peppertree in Florida

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 790
Author(s):  
Dale A. Halbritter ◽  
Min B. Rayamajhi ◽  
Gregory S. Wheeler ◽  
Jorge G. Leidi ◽  
Jenna R. Owens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Mass Production ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Mass Rearing ◽  
Classical Biological Control ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Field Release ◽  
Rearing Methods

Pseudophilothrips ichini is a recently approved biological control agent for the highly invasive Brazilian peppertree in Florida, USA. Prior to approval for field release in 2019, thrips colonies used for host specificity testing were produced and maintained in small cylinders to fit in restricted quarantine spaces. This next segment in the classical biological control pipeline is mass production and distribution of P. ichini. To accomplish this, we developed novel techniques to expand from small colony maintenance to large-scale production. We first quantified the productivity of the small cylinders, each containing a 3.8 L potted plant and producing an average of 368 thrips per generation. Given the amount of maintenance the cylinders required, we investigated larger cages to see if greater numbers of thrips could be produced with less effort. Acrylic boxes (81.5 × 39.5 × 39.5 cm) each contained two 3.8 L plants and produced an average of 679 thrips per generation. The final advancement was large, thrips-proof Lumite® screen cages (1.8 × 1.8 × 1.8 m) that each held six plants in 11.4 L pots and produced 13,864 thrips in as little as 5 wk. Screen cages and cylinders had the greatest thrips fold production, but screen cages required ten times less labor per thrips compared to either cylinders or boxes. The efficiency of these large screen cages ensured sustained mass production and field release capacity in Schinus-infested landscapes. The screen cage method is adapted and used by collaborators, and this will expand the literature on beneficial thrips mass rearing methods.

scholarly journals Laboratory Rearing ofLaricobius nigrinus(Coleoptera: Derodontidae): A Predator of the Hemlock Woolly Adelgid (Hemiptera: Adelgidae)

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Salom ◽  
L. T. Kok ◽  
A. B. Lamb ◽  
C. Jubb
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Mass Rearing ◽  
Hemlock Woolly Adelgid ◽  
Biological Control Agents ◽  
Laboratory Rearing ◽  
Invasive Pests ◽  
Laricobius Nigrinus ◽  
Large Numbers

Coleopteran species are biological control agents of numerous invasive pests.Laricobius nigrinus(Coleoptera: Derodontidae), a predaceous, univoltine species, spends the summer aestivating but is active for the rest of the year.Laricobius nigrinuspossesses many essential attributes for effective biological control of the hemlock woolly adelgid (Hemiptera: Adelgidae). The predator must be reared in large numbers for field releases. We describe some of the studies that led to the successful procedures currently used for mass rearingL. nigrinus.

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