Combined Effects of Spirea Aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae) and Nitrogen Fertilization on Net Photosynthesis, Total Chlorophyll Content, and Greenness of Apple Leaves

1992 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 939-946 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Kaakeh ◽  
D. G. Pfeiffer ◽  
R. P. Marini
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Total Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Apple Leaves ◽  
Spirea Aphid

HÍBRIDOS DE MILHO INOCULADOS COM Azospirillum brasilense SOB DIFERENTES DOSES DE NITROGÊNIO

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 398 ◽  
Author(s):  
RAFAEL CADORE ◽  
ANTÔNIO PAULINO DA COSTA NETTO ◽  
EDÉSIO FIALHO DOS REIS ◽  
VILMAR ANTONIO RAGAGNIN ◽  
DOUGLAS SIQUEIRA FREITAS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Azospirillum Brasilense ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Total Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Different Doses

RESUMO - Microrganismos do gênero Azospirillum possuem o potencial de melhorar o desenvolvimento e a produção da cultura do milho. Porém as respostas dos híbridos de milho não são iguais frente à inoculação com estes microrganismos, devido a possível especificidade na interação entre genótipo e microrganismo e os diferentes manejos adotados. Desta forma, objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar o desenvolvimento e a produtividade de dez híbridos a fim de indicar entre esses híbridos os mais responsivos quando submetidos à inoculação de Azospirillum brasilense e a diferentes doses de nitrogênio em cobertura. Vários caracteres agronômicos foram avaliados como: altura de plantas, altura de inserção da espiga, diâmetro de colmo, teor de clorofila total, tamanho de espiga, número de fileiras da espiga, números de grãos por fileira, massa de 100 grãos e produtividade de grãos. Além dos caracteres agronômicos avaliou-se a atividade da enzima redutase do nitrato em duas diferentes épocas (V4 - V6 e VT). Os híbridos mais produtivos foram o Biogene 7046, Dekalb 310 VT PRO™ e Agroeste 1596 VT PRO™. O incremento das doses de nitrogênio aumentou o diâmetro do colmo, teor de clorofila total, comprimento da espiga, grãos por fileira e a produção de grãos.Palavras-chave: adubação nitrogenada; bactérias diazotróficas; safrinha.MAIZE HYBRIDS INOCULATED WITH Azospirillum brasilense UNDER DIFFERENT DOSES OF NITROGENABSTRACT – Microorganisms of the genus Azospirillum have the potential to improve the development and production of maize. However, the response of corn hybrids is not equal under inoculation with these microorganisms due to the specificity in the interaction between genotype and microorganism and the use of different managements. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the development and productivity of ten hybrids to indicate the most responsive when subjected to inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense and different doses of nitrogen fertilization. Several agronomic characters were evaluate as plant height, ear insertion height, stem diameter, total chlorophyll content, ear size, number of rows grains per ear, number of grains per row, mass of 100 grains and grain yield. In addition to the agronomic traits the activity of the enzyme nitrate reductase was evaluated in two different seasons (V4 - V6 and VT). The most productive hybrids were Biogene 7046, Dekalb 310 VT PRO ™ and Agroeste 1596 VT PRO ™.The increment of nitrogen increased stem diameter, total chlorophyll content, ear length, grains per row and grain production.Keywords: dizotrofic bacterias; nitrogen fertilization; second harvest.

scholarly journals Improving the Keeping Quality and Vase Life of Cut Alstroemeria Flowers by Pre and Post-harvest Salicylic Acid Treatments

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 364-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elnaz SOLEIMANY-FARD ◽  
Khodayar HEMMATI ◽  
Ahmad KHALIGHI
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Water Loss ◽  
Vase Life ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Cut Flowers ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Total Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Keeping Quality

Keeping quality and length of vase life are important factors for evaluation of cut flowers quality, for both domestic and export markets. Studding the effect of pre- and post-harvest salicylic acid applications on keeping quality and vase life of cut alstroemeria flowers during vase period is the approach taken. Aqueous solutions of salicylic acid at 0.0 (with distilled water), 1, 2 and 3 mM were sprayed to run-off (approximately 500 mL per plant), about two weeks before flowers harvest. The cut flowers were harvested in the early morning and both of cut flowers treated (sprayed) and untreated were kept in vase solutions containing salicylic acid at 0.0 (with distilled water), 1, 2 and 3 mM. Sucrose at 4% was added to all treatments as a base solution. The changes in relative fresh weight, water uptake, water loss, water balance, total chlorophyll content and vase life were estimated during vase period. The results showed that the relative fresh weight, water uptake, water balance, total chlorophyll content and vase life decreased significantly while the water loss increased significantly during experiment for all treatments. A significant difference between salicylic acid and control treatments in all measured parameters is observed. During vase period, the salicylic acid treatments maintained significantly a more favourable relative fresh weight, water uptake, water balance, total chlorophyll content and supressed significantly water loss, as compared to control treatment. Also, the results showed that the using salicylic acid increased significantly the vase life cut alstroemeria flowers, over control. The highest values of measured parameters were found when plants were treated by pre + post-harvest application of salicylic acid at 3 mM. The result revealed that the quality attributes and vase life of cut alstroemeria flowers were improved by the use of salicylic acid treatment.

scholarly journals Antioxidant gene expression, chlorophyll, and starch content in Persian lime (Citrus latifolia Tanaka Ex Q. Jiménez) trees with HLB by application of elicitors of plant resistance

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-102
Author(s):  
Felipe Roberto Flores-de la Rosa ◽  
◽  
Ricardo Santillán-Mendoza ◽  
Cynthia Guadalupe Rodríguez-Quibrera ◽  
Antonio Martínez-Ruiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Starch Accumulation ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Gamma Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Genes ◽  
Spectrophotometric Methods ◽  
Total Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Randomized Design

Persian lime is economically important for Mexico. However, the disease known as Huanglongbing (HLB) causes chlorosis symptoms in the foliage that affect the growth and decreases the yield of the trees. The expression of chlorosis symptoms is associated with starch accumulation and inhibition of antioxidant activity. The objective of the present work was to determine the effect of the application of three resistance elicitors on the expression of three antioxidant genes and on starch and chlorophyll content in Persian lime trees with HLB. Salicylic acid (SA), jasmonic acid (JA) or gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) were applied every eight days for nine weeks using a completely randomized design and a one-way ANOVA was performed for the analysis. Expression of APX, CAT and SOD genes was quantified at week nine at four different times. Starch and total chlorophyll content was estimated every three weeks by spectrophotometric methods. The application of the elicitors significantly increased the expression of the three genes, with SA and GABA generating the greatest increase at different times of application. No difference was found in starch and total chlorophyll content at most of the times evaluated. The use of resistance elicitors is promising in the management of HLB in plots already infected, seeking to extend the productive life of the orchards and thus counteract the economic losses caused by HLB.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PERBANDINGAN IKAN KEMBUNG (Rastrelliger kanagurta) DENGAN SAYUR GONDA (Sphenoclea zeylanica Gaertner) TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK BAKSO

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 426
Author(s):  
Brogina Mayank Dini ◽  
Luh Putu Trisna Darmayanti ◽  
I Ketut Suter
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Carbohydrate Content ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Total Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Randomized Design

This research was conducted with the aim to determine the effect of comparison of mackerel with gonda vegetable on meatballs characteristics and get a comparison of mackerel with specific gonda vegetable that can produce meatballs with the best characteristics. This study uses a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with treatment that is the comparison of mackerel with gonda vegetable consisting of 6 levels: 100%: 0%; 95%: 5%; 90%: 10%; 85%: 15%; 80%: 20%; 75%: 25%. Each treatment was repeated 3 times so that obtained 18 units. The data is then analyzed by analysis of variance and if the treatment influences the proposed variable then it is continued by Duncan. The results showed that the comparison of mackerel and gonda vegetable had a very significant effect on water content, ash content, fat content, protein content, carbohydrate content, total chlorophyll content, antioxidant capacity, color (scoring), texture, aroma, overall acceptance and no significant effect for texture, aroma and taste. Comparison of 80% mackerel and 20% gonda vegetables had the best characteristics, with 62.99% water content, 1.56% ash content, 1.28% fat content, 8.75% protein content, 25.43% carbohydrate content, 18.39% total chlorophyll content, antioxidant capacity 25.63%. Sensory properties obtained are color (rather green, rather like), texture (rather like), flavor (liked) and overall acceptance (like).

scholarly journals The Effect of Organic Fertilizers on Growth and Yield of Water Spinach (Ipomoea reptans Poir)

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-44
Author(s):  
Selvia Dewi Pohan
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Cow Manure ◽  
Water Spinach ◽  
Total Chlorophyll Content

Water spinach (Ipomoea reptans Poir) had been identified as a nutritious vegetable with high demand in Indonesia. Besides, this plant also has been evidenced to play an important role in environmental cleaning as phytoremediator. The study about the effect of organic fertilizers on the growth and yield of water spinach (Ipomoea reptans Poir) has been conducted in the Green House of Biology Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Medan. The study aims to investigate the most effective type of fertilizers and the dose for water spinach’s (Ipomoea reptans Poir) growth and yield. A Completely Randomized Factorial Design was designed for the experiment with two factors and three repetitions. The first factor is the type of fertilizer (chicken manure, cow manure, and compost), and the second factor is the dose of the fertilizer (1:1, 2:1, and 3:1). The parameters such as plant height, number of shoots, number of leaves, fresh weight, dry weight, leaf’s total chlorophyll content, and water content were measured to evaluate plant growth and yield. The General Linear Model used SPSS 21 programs was applied to analyze the collected data. Study results revealed that cow manure increased plant growth and yield significantly with dose 2:1 as the finest treatment, followed by dose 3:1. Cow manure also increased total chlorophyll content (8.0574c mg. L-1), with the most suitable dose was 2:1 (8.2807 mg. L-1). The plant’s water content tended to be high in chicken manure (93%), and the lower water content was in cow manure with dose 3:1 (87.5%).

Cell membrane stability and chlorophyll content variation in wheat (Triticum aestivum) genotypes under conditions of heat and drought

2016 ◽  
Vol 67 (7) ◽  
pp. 712 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shoaib Ur Rehman ◽  
Muhammad Bilal ◽  
Rashid Mehmood Rana ◽  
Muhammad Naveed Tahir ◽  
Muhammad Kausar Nawaz Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Seedling Stage ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Cell Membrane Stability ◽  
Total Chlorophyll Content

Heat and drought are among the major obstacles confronting crop production under climate change. The present study was conducted to evaluate 50 diverse wheat genotypes for cell membrane stability (CMS) and chlorophyll content at seedling and anthesis stages under heat and drought stress conditions, to understand the effect of the two abiotic factors and to find promising genotypes for future breeding. Experiments were conducted in the glasshouse (seedling stage) and the field (anthesis stage). Analysis of variance showed significant variation (P ≤ 0.05) for all of the traits at seedling and anthesis stages. High levels of broad-sense heritability and genetic advance at 5% selection intensity indicated the presence of a high genetic component of variation and potential for genetic improvement through selection among the existing genetic variation. CMS showed a significant positive correlation with 1000-grain weight (TGW) under heat and drought conditions at both seedling and anthesis stages. Chlorophyll a/b ratio at seedling stage exhibited a significant negative correlation (r = –0.39, P < 0.05) with TGW under heat stress. Total chlorophyll content was significantly (r = 0.42, P < 0.05) correlated with TGW under heat stress at anthesis. Genotypes ETAD248 and ETAD7 showed the highest CMS and TGW values, whereas their chlorophyll a/b values were lowest, at both seedling and anthesis stages under heat and drought stress conditions. Higher CMS and total chlorophyll content, and lower chlorophyll a/b, were found to be useful indicators to identify genotypes with high TGW under heat and drought stress conditions. This study indicated the possibility of using seedling resistance as an indicator for later stage response in breeding for heat and drought resistance. The resistant genotypes identified can be used as potential germplasm in breeding programs.

scholarly journals Cultivation of Cress Involving Water Treated Under Different Atmospheres with Low-Temperature, Low-Pressure Glow Plasma of Low Frequency

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 2152
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Ciesielska ◽  
Wojciech Ciesielski ◽  
Damian Kulawik ◽  
Zdzisław Oszczęda ◽  
Piotr Tomasik
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Total Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Glow Plasma ◽  
Water Saturated

Watering cress with tap water treated for 30 min with low-temperature, low-pressure glow plasma of low frequency (LPGP) in the air (LPGPA), saturated with either nitrogen (LPGPN), CO2 (LPGPC) or methane (LPGPM), promoted the yield of crops. Their efficiency increased in the order LPGPA < LPGPN < LPGPM < LPGPC. The kind of water prior and after the treatment specifically influenced the fat and protein content in the watered cress and had no effect on the carbohydrate content. Watering cress with water saturated with N2 and CO2 slightly increased the total chlorophyll content, whereas watering with water saturated with CH4 significantly decreased it. Watering with plasma-treated water always resulted in an increase in the total chlorophyll content and subtly influenced the content of carotenoids and ascorbic acid. Watering cress with water saturated with particular gases influenced the bioaccumulation of cations and anions.

Total chlorophyll, growth and productivity of soybean [Glycine Max (L) Merril] under different levels and sources of phosphorus and plant growth regulators in south Rajasthan, India

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shankar Lal Khaswan ◽  
R. K. Dubey ◽  
R. C. Tiwari ◽  
S. K. Dubey ◽  
Raj Kumari Chaudhary
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Water Spray ◽  
Benzyl Adenine ◽  
Total Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Different Levels

An experiment was conducted at the Instructional Farm of Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Udaipur during Kharif 2009 and 2010 on medium clay loam soils to assess the influence of different levels and sources of phosphorus fertilization as well as plant growth regulators on productivity of soybean. Twenty seven treatments i.e. three levels (20, 30 and 40 kg P2O5 ha-1) and three sources (Single super phosphate or SSP; phosphorus rich organic manure or PROM and di-ammonium phosphate or DAP) of phosphorus in main plots and three PGRs (water spray, benzyl adenine 50 ppm and NAA 100 ppm) in sub plots of a split plot design having three replications. Results revealed that application of 40 kg P2O5 ha-1 recorded significantly higher pooled yield (q ha-1) of grain (25.95), stover (37.34) and total biomass (63.29); crop growth rate or CGR (g m-2day-1) between 30-60 days after sowing ( DAS)(18.83) and 61-90 DAS (11.96); total chlorophyll content at 45 DAS (2.26%) and 60 DAS (2.80%); Leaf area index(LAI) at 45 DAS (1.56) and 60 DAS (3.44) and green leaves plant-1 at 45 DAS (11.98) and 60 DAS (21.43). Among different phosphorus sources, SSP outperformed DAP and PROM on pooled yield (q ha-1) of grain (25.12), stover (36.23) and total biomass (61.35); CGR (g m-2day-1) between 30-60 DAS (11.22) and 61-90 DAS (10.94); total chlorophyll content at 45 DAS (2.26%) and 60 DAS (2.76%); LAI at 45 DAS (1.51) and 60 DAS (3.42) and green leaves plant-1 at 45 DAS (11.77) and 60 DAS (21.35). Foliar application of NAA recorded significantly higher pooled yield (q ha-1) of grain (24.23), stover (35.73) and total biomass (60.01) than benzyl adenine and water spray. However, variations recorded under NAA and benzyl adenine in CGR, total chlorophyll content, LAI and green leave plant-1at different stages of soybean crop were statistically at par.

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